WEBVTT 00:05.376 --> 00:09.796 Mugun dabara a Yaƙin Yugoslaviya. 00:09.796 --> 00:14.325 Masu kallo, a cikin wannan shirin hujja da ke tafe, muna ba da rahoto kan yadda aka yi amfani 00:14.325 --> 00:16.753 da dabaru na yaudara a lokacin Yaƙin Yugoslaviya. 00:16.753 --> 00:23.678 Shin barkewar tashin hankali na cikin gida, kamar waɗanda ke faruwa a halin yanzu a Masedoniya ko a Yugoslaviya a shekarun 00:23.678 --> 00:30.646 1990, suna tasowa ne da kansu, wato daga rashin gamsuwar jama'a, kamar yadda manyan kafofin watsa labarai ke nuna? 00:30.646 --> 00:36.119 Ko kuwa akwai wata dabara mai zurfi da masana dabaru na duniya suka tsara a bayanta? 00:36.119 --> 00:43.581 A wata hira da aka yi a ranar 24 ga Maris 2017, Willy Wimmer, tsohon Sakataren Jiha na Majalisar Dokoki ga Ministan Tsaron 00:43.581 --> 00:48.842 Tarayyar Jamus, ya nuna daidai-daidai tsakanin rikice-rikicen yau da yakin da aka yi a 00:48.842 --> 00:52.873 Yugoslavia, wanda ya karya dokokin kasa da kasa. 00:52.873 --> 00:59.559 Ya kammala da cewa: "Ana yaudare mu ƙwarai ta bakin mu daga gwamnati domin muradin NATO." 00:59.559 --> 01:04.927 Abin da gwamnatin tarayya ke yi tun 1999 da yaƙin da aka yi wa Yugoslavia: tana 01:04.927 --> 01:09.980 yaudarar mutanen Jamus daga rikici ɗaya zuwa wani. 01:09.980 --> 01:15.000 Ya ku Mista da Misis, ta yaya Willy Wimmer ya kai ga irin waɗannan maganganun masu tsanani? 01:15.000 --> 01:22.940 Don gano hakan, za mu yi nazari kan dabarun 'yan catur na duniya ta amfani da Yaƙin Yugoslaviya a matsayin misali. 01:22.940 --> 01:27.700 Dalilin yaƙi: An zargi bala'in jin kai: 01:27.700 --> 01:36.072 A watan Maris na shekarar 1999, Jamus ta shiga yaƙi a karon farko cikin shekaru 50, wato yaƙin mamayar NATO kan 01:36.072 --> 01:40.786 tsohuwar Yugoslavia, wanda ya saba wa dokar ƙasa da ƙasa. 01:40.786 --> 01:45.600 Sojojin saman NATO sun jefa bama-bamai 14,000 a kan Yugoslavia. 01:45.600 --> 01:53.300 Domin su yi wa yaki hujja ga jama'a, 'yan siyasa sun ikirari cewa wani bala'in jin kai yana faruwa. 01:53.300 --> 01:57.340 Za a iya kawo ƙarshen wannan ne kawai ta hanyar "yakin jinƙai". 01:57.340 --> 02:02.640 Sai dai Jochen Scholz, wanda a lokacin yake laifitan kolonel a Rundunar Sojin Sama ta NATO kuma yanzu mai 02:02.640 --> 02:06.420 fafutukar zaman lafiya ne, ya musanta wannan bayanin da ƙarfi. 02:06.420 --> 02:17.180 Ya lura cewa an riga an tsara yakin sama tun a shekarar 1998. Kuma duk da cewa, a cewar rahoton OSCE, babu wata masifar jin kai. 02:17.180 --> 02:23.286 OSCE ita ce Kungiyar Tsaro da Hadin Kai a Turai. 02:23.286 --> 02:29.897 Amma to me ya sa aka yi yaƙin? A cewar Scholz, matsayin ƙasar Yugoslavia na ƙasa da yankin ta nuna 02:29.897 --> 02:34.740 cewa faɗaɗa EU da NATO zuwa gabas yana cikin ajanda. 02:34.740 --> 02:40.420 Norma Brown, jakadar Amurka a OSCE, ta taƙaita shi cikin taƙaitaccen bayani: 02:40.420 --> 02:49.300 Gaskiya ita ce, kowa ya san cewa za a samu bala'in jin kai ne kawai idan NATO ta yi bam! 02:49.300 --> 02:53.873 Yarjejeniyar yakin neman zabe tsakanin Gerhard Schröder da Bill Clinton: 02:53.873 --> 03:01.540 A cewar Lieutenant Colonel Jochen Scholz mai ritaya, ɗan takarar Chancellorship Gerhard Schröder ya tafi Amurka a 03:01.540 --> 03:09.820 farkon rani na 1998 yayin yakin neman zaɓensa kuma ya yi magana da Shugaban Amurka Bill Clinton game da Kosovo. 03:09.820 --> 03:17.820 A can an tattauna yaki da aka shirya a Yugoslavia da kuma shiga sojin Jamus a ƙarƙashin Schröder. 03:17.820 --> 03:23.797 A cewar Scholz, an tura mataimakan yakin neman zaben Amurka zuwa ga Gerhard Schröder domin taimaka 03:23.797 --> 03:27.580 masa ya ci zaben a matsayin Firaministan Tarayya. 03:27.580 --> 03:36.960 Dole ne a canza gwamnati saboda Helmut Kohl ba zai yarda Jamus ta shiga yaƙin ba. 03:36.960 --> 03:41.873 Yaƙi na ƙarya daga bakin ministocin Jamus Scharping da Fischer: 03:41.873 --> 03:47.200 Gwamnatin Jamus ta bukaci amincewar jama'a domin shiga yaƙi. 03:47.200 --> 03:53.340 Ministan Tsaro Scharping da Ministan Harkokin Waje Fischer sun farfado da wannan ta hanyar wata dabara ta yaɗa ƙarya. 03:53.340 --> 04:01.360 Sun danganta halin da ake ciki a Kosovo da tarihin Nazi na Jamus, ta haka suka buga 'yan Jamus a inda yake musu zafi. 04:01.360 --> 04:09.360 Sun ruɓe jama'a da labarai masu ban tsoro game da "tsarkakewar kabilanci" a Serbia da sansanin tsare mutane a Pristina. 04:09.360 --> 04:16.293 Binciken da 'yan jarida Angerer da Werth suka gudanar a wurin, da kuma janar na Jamus kuma ma'aikacin OSCE 04:16.293 --> 04:20.540 Heinz Loquai, sun nuna cewa an ƙirƙire su gaba ɗaya. 04:20.540 --> 04:28.433 Akwai kawai fada tsakanin sojojin Yugoslaviya da ƙungiyoyin sojojin ɓoye na Albania. 04:28.433 --> 04:34.724 Duk da haka, yaɗa labaran yaƙin Scharping da Fischer ya yi nasarar shawo kan jama'a su goyi bayan 'yantarwa daga 04:34.724 --> 04:39.233 "mugayen ayyukan" da Serbawa suka aikata a lokacin yaƙi. 04:39.233 --> 04:51.013 Jamie Shea, mai magana da yawun NATO, ya ce: "Da muka rasa ra'ayin jama'a a Jamus, da mun rasa shi a duk faɗin haɗin gwiwar." 04:51.013 --> 04:56.886 Hukumomin PR sun shirya yaki a tsohuwar Yugoslavia: 04:56.886 --> 05:03.978 Littafin Operation Balkan: Tallace-tallace don Yaki da Mutuwa, na Jörg Becker da Mira Beham, ya nuna yadda hukumomin hulɗa da 05:03.978 --> 05:11.873 jama'a na Amurka suka yi amfani da kafofin watsa labarai don ƙirƙirar tsarin tunani na makiya a lokacin Yaƙin Yugoslavia. 05:11.873 --> 05:19.926 Kamfanin Amurka mai tasiri Ruder Finn, misali, ya yi aiki a lokaci guda ga bangarori uku masu yaƙi: 05:19.926 --> 05:24.939 shugabannin Kroatiya, Bosniya da Albaniyawa na Kosovo. 05:24.939 --> 05:31.406 Aikin shi ne nuna Serbs a matsayin masu zalunci da masu kai hari ba tare da la'akari da ɓangarinsu ba, yayin da 05:31.406 --> 05:37.859 ake nuna Croats, Musulman Bosniya da Albaniyawa na Kosovo a matsayin wadanda aka zalunta kawai. 05:37.859 --> 05:45.406 Ta hanyar yakin bayanan ta na "Serbiyawa ne ke da laifi", hukumar ta shirya jama'ar Yamma don yaki. 05:45.406 --> 05:51.739 Daraktan Hukumar James Harff. "Mun sami damar daidaita Serbs da Nazi." 05:51.739 --> 05:57.272 Kusan nan da nan bayan haka, kafofin watsa labarai suka fara amfani da wasu kalmomi daban, kamar tsarkakewar 05:57.272 --> 06:03.152 kabilanci, sansanin tsanantawa, da sauransu, waɗanda ake danganta su da hotunan Jamus na Nazi da Auschwitz. 06:03.152 --> 06:11.960 Babu wanda zai iya adawa da shi ba tare da an zargi shi da gyaran tarihi ba. Mun yi nasara kashi ɗari cikin ɗari. 06:11.960 --> 06:21.420 Karin tashin hankali da aka sarrafa ya tabbatar da cewa Sojojin Amurka sun yi shiga tsakani a Balkan. 06:21.420 --> 06:25.846 Yaƙi a tsohuwar Yugoslavia da gwamnatin Amurka ta ƙara ƙonawa: 06:25.846 --> 06:33.276 Yugoslaviya mai goyon bayan Rasha an rushe da tsarinta ta hannun ƙasashen Yamma kuma aka raba ta zuwa jihohi 06:33.276 --> 06:39.400 bakwai daban-daban: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, Serbia, Montenegro, Kosovo da Macedonia. 06:39.400 --> 06:45.315 Ta hanyar tada rikicin kabilanci na cikin gida, an jawo kungiyoyin kabilu daban-daban cikin 06:45.315 --> 06:49.380 sababbin rikice-rikicen makamai a shekarun 1990. 06:49.380 --> 06:57.795 Robert Baer, tsohon jami'in CIA, hukumar leƙen asirin ƙasashen waje ta Amurka, ya ce: "Manufar wannan yaɗa 06:57.795 --> 07:04.539 ƙarya ita ce raba jamhuriyoyin Yugoslavia domin su rabu da ƙasar uwa su zama 'yantattu." 07:04.539 --> 07:10.757 Abin da muka buƙata kawai shi ne wata dabba da za a zargi da komai, ciki har da yaki da 07:10.757 --> 07:15.846 tashin hankali. An zaɓi Serbiya don wannan rawa...' 07:15.846 --> 07:25.560 Jami'in Birtaniya John Crosland ya lura: "Al'ummar duniya ta goyi bayan KLA." 07:25.560 --> 07:33.613 Shugaban Amurka Bill Clinton, jakadin Amurka Richard Holbrooke da sakatariyar harkokin wajen Amurka Madeleine Albright 07:33.613 --> 07:39.913 sun yanke shawarar cewa za a yi sauyin mulki a Serbiya ... 07:39.913 --> 07:49.508 Rikicin soja da ke ci gaba tsakanin ƙabilu a ƙarshe ya ba Amurka hujja don harin NATO kan Serbia, wanda ya karya 07:49.508 --> 07:55.446 dokokin ƙasa da ƙasa, da kifar da Shugaba Slobodan Milošević. 07:55.446 --> 08:04.913 Tsohon jami'in CIA Robert Baer ya nemi afuwa ga mutanen Yugoslavia bayan an raba ƙasar: 08:04.913 --> 08:12.900 Manta da abin da ya gabata, domin an shirya shi ne kuma ba gaskiya ba ne. An yaudare ka ne kawai, kuma sun cimma abin da suke so. 08:12.900 --> 08:17.220 Amma ba za ku ci gaba da riƙe ƙiyayya a zukatanku ba saboda wannan! 08:17.220 --> 08:25.713 Dole ne ka nuna cewa za ka iya tashi sama da wannan kuma ka fahimci wanda a zahiri ke da laifi a wannan hali! 08:25.713 --> 08:30.600 Ina so in nemi afuwa da gaske gare ku duka! 08:30.600 --> 08:37.380 Sauyin gwamnati a Yugoslavia wanda Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ta taimaka wajen ɗaukar nauyin kuɗi: 08:37.380 --> 08:44.442 Sauyin gwamnati a shekarar 2000 a abin da a lokacin ake kira Yugoslavia ɗaya ne daga cikin misalai da dama na yadda 08:44.442 --> 08:52.353 Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka ke shiga cikin sauyin mulki da kifar da gwamnatoci ta hanyar abin da ake kira NGO. 08:52.353 --> 08:59.103 Motsin ɗalibai "Otpor", wanda aka kafa a matsayin ƙungiyar adawa, shi ne ƙarfin motsa da ya tayar da 08:59.103 --> 09:03.806 mutanen Yugoslaviya suka tashi ƙiyayya ga Shugaba Milošević. 09:03.806 --> 09:09.631 Daliban "Otpor" sun tayar da ra'ayi na adawa da shugaban Yugoslaviya, misali ta hanyar fesa 09:09.631 --> 09:12.600 zanen bango a ko'ina a rabin birnin Belgrade. 09:12.600 --> 09:20.700 An zargi Milošević da ya jawo yaƙe-yaƙen Balkan da mummunan halin tattalin arziki. 09:20.700 --> 09:26.526 Ayyukan Otpor sun jawo hankalin kafofin watsa labarai sosai. 09:26.526 --> 09:34.740 A kan kiran Otpor, kusan mutane 100,000 sun taru a Belgrade don yin zanga-zanga kan shugaban ƙasa. 09:34.740 --> 09:40.000 Sun ɗauki katunan zanga-zanga da yawa tare da taken: "Ya (Milošević) ƙare!" 09:40.000 --> 09:46.806 Otpor ya samu kuɗi daga kungiyoyi daban-daban na agaji kamar NDI da NED. 09:46.806 --> 09:52.360 NED galibi ana ba shi kuɗi ne daga Ma'aikatar Harkokin Wajen Amurka. 09:52.360 --> 09:59.440 A ranar 6 ga Oktoba, 2000, Milošević ya yi murabus daga ofis. 09:59.440 --> 10:02.860 Manufa da sakamakon yaƙin: 10:02.860 --> 10:11.472 Sakamakon yaƙin, an kafa sansanin soja na biyu mafi girma na Amurka a Turai a Kosovo – Camp Bondsteel, 10:11.472 --> 10:16.633 tare da dubban sojoji a kan yanki mai fadin hektar 386. 10:16.633 --> 10:24.381 Ta hanyar kasancewar sojojinsu a wani yanki mai muhimmanci ta fuskar dabaru, Amurka ta tabbatar da ikonta kan yiwuwar 10:24.381 --> 10:33.313 hanyoyin bututun mai da iskar gas daga Gabas ta Tsakiya da Gabas, da kuma kan cinikin kasuwanci na albarkatun ma'adanai. 10:33.313 --> 10:41.404 Babban Janar na Birtaniya Michael Jackson, kwamandan farko na Rundunar Kosovo (KFOR) da NATO ke jagoranta, ya ce: 10:41.404 --> 10:51.166 "Tabbas za mu kasance anan na dogon lokaci don tabbatar da tsaron hanyoyin makamashi da ke wucewa ta Masedoniya." 10:51.166 --> 10:58.663 A ƙarshen dokumentarinmu kan yaudarar jama'a a lokacin Yaƙin Yugoslaviya, muna duba amsar Willy Wimmer ga tambayar abin 10:58.663 --> 11:03.320 da za mu iya yi game da ƙaryayen yaƙi da suka bazu ko'ina: 11:03.320 --> 11:05.913 Abin da ya rage shi ne kalma. 11:05.913 --> 11:13.040 Kamar yadda kalmomi za su iya haifar da yaƙe-yaƙe da halaka, haka ma za su iya hana su. 11:13.040 --> 11:18.637 Komai abin da ke tayar da rikici a ƙarshe yana yi wa masu son yaki hidima, waɗanda suka san yadda za su 11:18.637 --> 11:22.313 yi amfani da raunuka cikin niyya don dabaru na duniya. 11:22.313 --> 11:28.377 Ta hanyar kalmominku da yada wannan shiri, ana iya bayyana irin waɗannan alaƙa kuma a 11:28.377 --> 11:31.073 ƙarshe a hana yaƙe-yaƙe. Don Allah ku taimaka!