WEBVTT

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Ukuqhathwa kwiMfazwe yaseYugoslavia.

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Baphulaphuli abathandekayo, kule documentary ilandelayo
sinika ingxelo ngokuqhathwa kwimfazwe yaseYugoslavia.

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Ingaba ukuqhambuka kwezidubedube zoluntu, okufana nezo ezenzeka
ngoku eMacedonia okanye ezo zenzeka eYugoslavia ngeminyaka

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yoo-1990, ngaba zivela ngokwazo ngenene, oko
kukuthi, ngenxa yokungonwabi kwabantu,

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njengoko kuboniswa ngamajelo eendaba aphambili?

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Okanye ikhona na icebo elikrelekrele eliyilwe
ngabacebi-maqhinga behlabathi elingasemva kwayo?

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Kudliwano-ndlebe lomhla wama-24 Matshi 2017, uWilly Wimmer,
owayesakuba nguNobhala weLizwe wePalamente kuMphathiswa

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wezoKhuselo weNgingqi yaseJamani, ubonisa ukufana
okucacileyo phakathi kweengxabano zanamhlanje nemfazwe

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yaseYugoslavia, eyaphula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe.

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Uqukumbela ngelithi: "Sibaxokiswa kakhulu
ngurhulumente ngenxa yezinto eziluncedo kwi-NATO."

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Into eyenziwa ngurhulumente womdibaniso ukusukela
ngo-1999 nemfazwe echasene neYugoslavia: kukukhohlisa

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abantu baseJamani ukusuka kwingxabano enye ukuya kwenye.

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Bafowethu noodade, uWilly Wimmer
ufika njani kwizivakalisi ezingaka?

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Ukuze sifumanise, siza kuphonononga
amaqhinga abadlali bechess behlabathi jikelele

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sisebenzisa iMfazwe yaseYugoslavia njengomzekelo.

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Isizathu sokulwa imfazwe: Intlekele ekuthiwa yeyoluntu:

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NgoMatshi ka-1999, iJamani yathatha inxaxheba emfazweni okokuqala
kwisithuba seminyaka engama-50, kanye imfazwe

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yeNATO yokuhlasela iYugoslavia yangaphambili,
nto leyo eyayichasene nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe.

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Umkhosi womoya we-NATO uwisele iibhombu ezili-14,000 eYugoslavia.

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Ukuze bamangalele umbango kuluntu,
oosopolitiki bathi kwakusenzeka intlekele yabantu.

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Oku kuphela kunokupheliswa 'yimfazwe yesisa'.

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Noko ke, uJochen Scholz, owayelilungu
eliphezulu lomkhosi womoya we-NATO waza waba

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ngumlweli woxolo, wayiphikisa ngamandla le ngxelo.

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Uqaphele ukuba imfazwe yomoya yayisele
icwangcisiwe ngo-1998. Kwaye oku kwenzeka nangona,

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ngokwengxelo ye-OSCE, kwakungekho ntlekele yabantu.

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I-OSCE yi-Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe.

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Kodwa ke, ibiyintoni imfazwe? NgokukaScholz,
indawo yaseYugoslavia ekuhlaleni yayithetha ukuba

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ukwandiswa kwe-EU ne-NATO ngasempuma kwakusecwangcini.

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UNorma Brown, idiplomathi yaseMelika
kwi-OSCE, uyishwankathelele ngokufutshane:

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Inyaniso yeyokuba, wonke umntu wayesazi ukuba intlekele
yobuntu ibiya kwenzeka kuphela ukuba i-NATO ibiqhushumbisa!

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Isivumelwano somkhankaso wonyulo
phakathi kukaGerhard Schröder noBill Clinton:

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NgokukaLieutenant Colonel Jochen Scholz omthathile
umhlalaphantsi, umgqatswa wobuchansela uGerhard Schröder waya

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eUnited States ekuqaleni kwehlobo lowama-1998
ngexesha lephulo lakhe lonyulo waza wathetha

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noMongameli wase-US uBill Clinton malunga neKosovo.

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Apho, kwaxoxwa ngemfazwe eyayicwangcisiwe eYugoslavia kunye
nokubandakanyeka kwezomkhosi kweJamani phantsi koSchröder.

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NgokukaScholz, abancedisi bephulo lokunyulwa
kwaseMelika bathunyelwa kuGerhard Schröder ukuze

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bamncedise ukuba aphumelele unyulo njengoTshansela weLizwe.

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Kwakufuneka kutshintshwe urhulumente kuba uHelmut Kohl
wayengayi kuvuma ukuba iJamani ithathe inxaxheba emfazweni.

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Imibango yamanga kaMphathiswa baseJamani uScharping noFischer:

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Urhulumente waseJamani wayefuna
ukwamkelwa luluntu ukuze angene emfazweni.

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UMphathiswa wezoKhuselo uScharping kunye
noMphathiswa weMicimbi yezaNgaphandle uFischer

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bayivuselele le nto ngobuqhetseba bepropaganda.

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Bade baxhumnisa imeko yaseKosovo kwimbali yamaNazi aseJamani,
ngaloo ndlela bebetha amaJamani kanye apho kubuhlungu khona.

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Balahlekisa uluntu ngamabali oyikekayo 'ngokucocwa
kwezizwe' eSerbia kunye nengxilimbela ePristina.

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Uphando olwenziwe kwindawo yeziganeko ziintatheli u-Angerer
no-Werth, kunye negeneral yaseJamani nomsebenzi we-OSCE uHeinz

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Loquai, lutyhilile ukuba ezi zinto zaziyintlekisa ngokupheleleyo.

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Kwakukho ukulwa kuphela phakathi komkhosi
waseYugoslavia namacandelo ezomkhosi aseAlbania.

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Nangona kunjalo, ipropaganda yemfazwe kaScharping
noFischer yaphumelela ekweyiseleni uluntu ukuba luxhase

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inkululeko "kuzinzo" ezenziwe ngamaSerbhi ngemfazwe.

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Isithethi se-NATO uJamie Shea uthe: "Ukuba besiphulukene noluvo
loluntu eJamani, besiya kuphulukana nalo kuyo yonke le manyano."

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Ii-arhente ze-PR zilungiselele imfazwe
kwilizwe elalifudula liyiYugoslavia:

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Incwadi ethi Operation Balkan: Advertising War and Death, ebhalwe
nguJörg Becker noMira Beham, ibonisa indlela ii-arhente zaseMelika

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ze-PR ezazisebenzisa amajelo eendaba ngayo ukudala iinkolelo
ezingeyonyani ngabaphikisi ngexesha leMfazwe yaseYugoslavia.

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Inkampani enamandla yaseMelika iRuder Finn, umzekelo,
yasebenzela amaqela amathathu alwa ngaxeshanye: ubunkokeli

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baseCroatia, baseBosnia kunye nabaseAlbaniya baseKosovo.

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Umsebenzi wawukubonisa amaSerb njengabatyali
nabahlaseli bodwa, ngelixa amaCroat, amaSilamsi aseBosnia kunye

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nama-Albania aseKosovo eboniswa kuphela njengamaxhoba.

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Ngepropaganda yayo ethi "ngamaSerb abanoxanduva",
eli gunya lalilungiselela uluntu lwaseNtshona imfazwe.

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UMlawuli we-Arhente uJames Harff.
"Sakwazi ukulinganisa amaSerb namaNazi."

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Kwathí phantse kwangoko emva koko, amajelo eendaba aqalisa
ukusebenzisa ulwimi olwahlukileyo, kunye namagama

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afana nokucocwa kobuhlanga, iinkampu zokuxinana, njl.,
adityaniswa nemifanekiso yeJamani yamaNazi ne-Auschwitz.

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Akukho mntu wayesakwazi ukuyichasa ngaphandle kokutyholwa
ngokuzama ukuguqula imbali. Saphumelela ngokupheleleyo.

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Ukwanda kolwamano okulawulwayo kwenza kwaba nesizathu
ukungenelela koMkhosi waseMelika kwingingqi yaseBalkans.

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Imfazwe kwakudala iYugoslavia ivuselwe ngurhulumente waseMelika:

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IYugoslavia eyayixhasa iRashiya yaphazanyiswa ngamandla aseNtshona
yaza yahlulwa yaba ngamazwe asixhenxe azimeleyo: iSlovenia,

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iCroatia, iBosnia, iSerbia, iMontenegro, iKosovo neMacedonia.

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Ngokuphemba ungquzulwano lwezizwe ngaphakathi,
amaqela ezizwe ahlukeneyo akhokelwa

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kwiingxwabangxwaba ezintsha ezixhobileyo ngeminyaka yoo-1990.

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URobert Baer, owayesakuba yi-arhente ye-CIA, inkonzo yobuntlola
yangaphandle yase-US, uthe: "Injongo yephropaganda

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yayikukwahlula iirepublics zaseYugoslavia ukuze zikwazi
ukuzahlula kwilizwe elikhulu zize zibe ngamazwe azimeleyo."

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Konke ebesikufuna yayikukuthwala isikhundla
sokubekwa ityala ngayo yonke into, kuquka imfazwe

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nogonyamelo. I-Serbia yakhethwa kule ndima...'

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Igosa laseBritane uJohn Crosland watsho
wathi: "Uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe lwaxhasa i-KLA."

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UMongameli waseMelika uBill Clinton, iNtumwa yaseMelika uRichard
Holbrooke kunye noMphathiswa Wezangaphandle

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waseMelika uMadeleine Albright babe bagqibe
kwelokuba kuza kubakho utshintsho kulawulo eSerbia ...

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Iingxabano zemfazwe ebezisiya phambili phakathi kwamaqela
eentlanga ekugqibeleni zanika i-United States isizathu

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sokuhlasela kwe-NATO eSerbia, nto leyo eyaphula umthetho wamazwe
ngamazwe, kunye nokugxothwa koMongameli uSlobodan Milošević.

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Owayesakuba yiarhente ye-CIA uRobert Baer wacela
uxolo kubantu baseYugoslavia emva kokuba ilizwe lahlulwa:

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Libala ngelixa elidlulileyo, kuba
laliqulunqwe kwaye lalingeyonyani.

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Wawusetyenziswa nje, baza bafumana oko babezifunela.

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Kodwa akufuneki niqhubeke nokugcina
iimvakalelo zentiyo omnye komnye ngenxa yale nto!

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Kufuneka ubonise ukuba uyakwazi ukuphakama ngaphezu koku
kwaye uyaqonda ukuba ngubani kanye kanye onesono ngale meko!

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Ndingathanda ukunibonela uxolo ngokunyanisekileyo nonke!

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Utshintsho lukarhulumente eYugoslavia oluxhaswe ngemali
ngokubambisana neSebe leMicimbi yezaNgaphandle lase-US:

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Utshintsho lukarhulumente ngo-2000 kwindawo eyayifudula
iyiYugoslavia ngomnye wemizekelo emininzi yendlela iSebe

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leMicimbi yezaNgaphandle lase-US elibandakanyeka
ngayo ekutshintsheni iirhulumente nasekubahlaniseni

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ngokusebenzisa ezi zinhlangano kuthiwa zii-NGOs.

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Intshukumo yabafundi i-"Otpor", eyasekwa
njengombutho wokuchasa, yayisisikhwezeli esakhuthaza abantu

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baseYugoslavia ukuba bachase uMongameli uMilošević.

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Abafundi be-"Otpor" bavusa iimvakalelo
ezichasene nomongameli waseYugoslavia, umzekelo

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ngokupeyinta imibhalo eludongeni kwisiqingatha seBelgrade.

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UMilošević wayebekwa ityala ngeemfazwe
zaseBalkan kunye nemeko yezomnotho eyayiyintlekele.

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Izenzo ze-Otpor zafumana ingqwalasela enkulu kumajelo eendaba.

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Ngenxa yokukhuthazwa yi-Otpor, phantse abantu abangama-100,000
bahlangana eBelgrade ukuze baqhankqalazele umongameli.

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Babephethe iiplakathi ngobuninzi, bekhwaza
isiqubulo esithi: "Ugqityiwe yena (uMilošević)!"

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I-Otpor yayixhaswa ngemali ngamaqumrhu
ahlukeneyo angengowakauradi afana ne-NDI kunye ne-NED.

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I-NED ixhaswa ngemali ikakhulu
liSebe leMicimbi yezaNgaphandle lase-US.

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Ngo-6 Okthobha 2000, uMilošević warhoxa esihlalweni.

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Injongo nesiphumo semfazwe:

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Ngenxa yemfazwe, isiseko sesibini ngobukhulu somkhosi
wase-US eYurophu sasekwa eKosovo – iCamp Bondsteel,

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enamazinkulungwane amajoni kwindawo eyi-386 yehektare.

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Ngokubakho kwabo kwezomkhosi kummandla obalulekileyo
ngokobuchule, i-USA yaqinisekisa ulawulo phezu kweendlela

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ezinokubakho zeepayipi zokuthutha i-oyile
negesi ezivela kuMbindi Mpuma nakuMpuma, kunye

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nokuxhatshazwa kwezorhwebo kwezibonelelo zemigodi.

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UMphathi-jikelele waseBritane uMichael Jackson, umphathi wokuqala
woMkhosi waseKosovo (KFOR) okhokelwa yi-NATO, uthe:

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"Ngokuqinisekileyo siza kuhlala apha ixesha elide ukuqinisekisa
ukhuseleko lweendlela zamandla ezidlula eMacedonia."

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Ekupheleni kwe-documentary yethu malunga nokuqhathwa ngexesha
leMfazwe yaseYugoslavia, sijonga impendulo kaWilly Wimmer

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kumbuzo wokuba singenzeni ngeenyaniso zemfazwe ezisazulazula:

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Okuseleyo ligama.

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Kanye njengokuba amagama enokubangela
imfazwe nentshabalalo, anokuzithintela kananjalo.

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Nantoni na ebangela ukwahlukana ekugqibeleni isebenzela amandla
athanda imfazwe, azi ukuba angaxhaphaza njani ubuthathaka

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ngendlela ekhethekileyo kwizicwangciso zawo zehlabathi jikelele.

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Ngamazwi akho nokusasazwa kwale nkqubo,
unxibelelwano olunjalo lunokuziswa elubala kwaye

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ekugqibeleni imfazwe inokuthintelwa. Nceda uncede!