1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:05,376 2 00:00:05,376 --> 00:00:09,796 Ukuhlinzwa empi yaseYugoslavia. 3 00:00:09,796 --> 00:00:14,328 Babukeli abathandekayo, kule dokhumentari elandelayo sibika ngokuphathwa ngobuqili 4 00:00:14,328 --> 00:00:16,753 okwenzeka ngesikhathi seMpi yaseYugoslavia. 5 00:00:16,753 --> 00:00:23,111 Ingabe ukuqhuma kokungazinzi komphakathi, njengalokho okwenzeka okwamanje eMacedonia noma eYugoslavia ngeminyaka 6 00:00:23,111 --> 00:00:30,646 yama-1990, ngempela kuvela ngokuzimela, okusho ukuthi kuvela ekunganelisekeni kwabantu, njengokuchazwa yabezindaba ezinkulu? 7 00:00:30,646 --> 00:00:36,119 Noma ngabe kunecebo eliyinkimbinkimbi elakhiwe ngabacubunguli bamacebo bomhlaba wonke ngemuva kwalokho? 8 00:00:36,119 --> 00:00:43,165 Engxoxweni eyayenziwa ngomhlaka 24 Mashi 2017, uWilly Wimmer, owayenguNobhala Wezwe wePhalamende eMnyangweni Wezokuvikela 9 00:00:43,165 --> 00:00:48,814 weRiphabhulikhi YaseJalimane, ugcizelela ukufana okucacile phakathi kwezingxabano zanamuhla nempi 10 00:00:48,814 --> 00:00:52,873 yaseYugoslavia, eyaphula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. 11 00:00:52,873 --> 00:00:59,559 Uqukumbela wathi: "Uhulumeni usitshela amanga ngokusebenzisa amazinyo ethu ngenhloso ye-NATO." 12 00:00:59,559 --> 00:01:05,371 Lokho uhulumeni kazwelonke abekwenza kusukela ngo-1999 nempi ebhekiswe eYugoslavia: liyaxoka kubantu 13 00:01:05,371 --> 00:01:09,980 baseJalimane kusukela kolunye uxabanu kuya kolunye. 14 00:01:09,980 --> 00:01:15,000 Bafowethu nodadewethu, uWilly Wimmer ufika kanjani kulezi zitatimende ezibucayi kangaka? 15 00:01:15,000 --> 00:01:22,940 Ukuze sithole, sizohlola amasu abadlali be-chess bomhlaba wonke sisebenzisa iMpi yaseYugoslavia njengesibonelo. 16 00:01:22,940 --> 00:01:27,700 Isizathu sempi: Indaba yokuhlukunyezwa kwabantu okuthiwa yinhlekelele yobuntu: 17 00:01:27,700 --> 00:01:34,299 NgoMashi 1999, iJalimane yahlanganyela empini okokuqala ngemuva kweminyaka engu-50, empini yokuhlasela 18 00:01:34,299 --> 00:01:40,786 ye-NATO ephikisana neYugoslavia yangaphambilini, eyayingahambisani nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. 19 00:01:40,786 --> 00:01:45,600 Ibutho lomoya le-NATO lwaphonsa amabhomu angu-14 000 eYugoslavia. 20 00:01:45,600 --> 00:01:53,300 Ukuze bazwisise impi emphakathini, abezepolitiki bathi kwakusenzeka ingozi enkulu yabantu. 21 00:01:53,300 --> 00:01:57,340 Lokhu kungapheliswa kuphela ngempi yobuntu. 22 00:01:57,340 --> 00:02:02,919 Nokho, uJochen Scholz, owake waba ngumkhonzi wesosha ophakeme (lieutenant colonel) eMbuthanweni Wezindiza Zempi we-NATO futhi 23 00:02:02,919 --> 00:02:06,420 manje engumkhankaseli wokuthula, waphikisa ngokuqinile le ndaba. 24 00:02:06,420 --> 00:02:13,260 Waphawula ukuthi impi yomoya yayivele ihlelwe ngo-1998. Futhi lokhu nakuba, ngokwembiko 25 00:02:13,260 --> 00:02:17,180 ye-OSCE, kwakungekho nhlekelele yezobuntu. 26 00:02:17,180 --> 00:02:23,286 I-OSCE iyiNhlangano Yokuphepha Nokusebenzisana eYurophu. 27 00:02:23,286 --> 00:02:29,508 Kodwa-ke kungani impi? Ngokusho kukaScholz, indawo yaseYugoslavia emhlabeni kwakusho ukuthi 28 00:02:29,508 --> 00:02:34,740 ukunwetshwa kwe-EU ne-NATO kuya empumalanga kwakusehlelo. 29 00:02:34,740 --> 00:02:40,420 UNorma Brown, udiplomathi wase-US e-OSCE, wawufingqa ngokufingqa: 30 00:02:40,420 --> 00:02:49,300 Iqiniso liwukuthi wonke umuntu wayazi ukuthi ingozi yabantu yayizokwenzeka kuphela uma i-NATO ibhomba! 31 00:02:49,300 --> 00:02:53,873 Isivumelwano somkhankaso wokhetho phakathi kukaGerhard Schröder noBill Clinton: 32 00:02:53,873 --> 00:03:00,520 NgokukaLieutenant Colonel osephumile emsebenzini uJochen Scholz, umfakisicelo wesikhundla seChancellor uGerhard Schröder wahamba 33 00:03:00,520 --> 00:03:05,765 waya e-United States ekuqaleni kwehlobo lika-1998 ngesikhathi somkhankaso wakhe wokhetho futhi waxoxa 34 00:03:05,765 --> 00:03:09,820 noMongameli wase-United States uBill Clinton mayelana neKosovo. 35 00:03:09,820 --> 00:03:17,820 Lapho, kwaxoxwa ngempi eyayihleliwe eYugoslavia kanye nokubandakanyeka kwezempi kweJalimane ngaphansi kukaSchröder. 36 00:03:17,820 --> 00:03:23,508 Ngokusho kukaScholz, abasizi bomkhankaso wokhetho lwaseMelika bathunyelwa kuGerhard Schröder 37 00:03:23,508 --> 00:03:27,580 ukuze bamsize anqobe ukhetho njengoSihlalo WeFederal. 38 00:03:27,580 --> 00:03:36,960 Kwakudingeka ukushintsha uhulumeni ngoba uHelmut Kohl wayengeke avume ukubamba iqhaza kweJalimane empini. 39 00:03:36,960 --> 00:03:41,873 Impi ingamanga yabaphathiswa baseJalimane uScharping noFischer: 40 00:03:41,873 --> 00:03:47,200 Uhulumeni waseJalimane wawudinga ukwamukelwa yizwe ukuze angene empini. 41 00:03:47,200 --> 00:03:53,340 UMphathiswa Wezokuvikela uScharping noMphathiswa Wezangaphandle uFischer bavuselele lokhu ngobuqili bokupropaganda. 42 00:03:53,340 --> 00:04:01,360 Bahlanganisa isimo eKosovo nomlando wamaNazi waseJalimane, ngaleyo ndlela bashaya amaJalimane lapho kubuhlungu khona. 43 00:04:01,360 --> 00:04:09,360 Bakhokhele umphakathi ngezindaba ezesabekayo mayelana nokuhlanzwa kobuhlanga eSerbia kanye nekamu lokugxila ePristina. 44 00:04:09,360 --> 00:04:16,066 Ucwaningo olwenziwa endaweni ngabezindaba u-Angerer no-Werth, kanye nomjenerali waseJalimane nomsebenzi we-OSCE uHeinz 45 00:04:16,066 --> 00:04:20,540 Loquai, lwavezile ukuthi konke lokhu kwakungamanga ngokuphelele. 46 00:04:20,540 --> 00:04:28,433 Kwakukhona kuphela impi phakathi kwempi yaseYugoslavia namayunithi ezempi ezisebenza ngaphansi kwezomthetho zase-Albania. 47 00:04:28,433 --> 00:04:34,310 Noma kunjalo, iphropaganda yempi kaScharping noFischer yaphumelela ekukholiseni umphakathi ukuba usekele 48 00:04:34,310 --> 00:04:39,233 ukukhululwa ezinhlakaleni ezenziwe amaSerbhi ngesikhathi sempi. 49 00:04:39,233 --> 00:04:51,013 Umsakazi we-NATO uJamie Shea wathi: "Ukube besilahlekelwe umbono womphakathi eJalimane, besizolahlekelwa kuyo yonke inhlangano." 50 00:04:51,013 --> 00:04:56,886 Izikhungo ze-PR zilungiselela impi eYugoslavia yangaphambilini: 51 00:04:56,886 --> 00:05:03,516 Incwadi ethi Operation Balkan: Ukukhangisa Empini Nokufa, ebhalwe nguJörg Becker noMira Beham, ikhombisa ukuthi izinkampani 52 00:05:03,516 --> 00:05:08,097 zaseMelika ze-PR zisebenzise kanjani imithombo yezindaba ukudala izithombe ezingelona 53 00:05:08,097 --> 00:05:11,873 iqiniso ngesitha ngesikhathi seMpi yaseYugoslavia. 54 00:05:11,873 --> 00:05:20,201 Isibonelo, inkampani enamthelela yaseMelika iRuder Finn yasebenza ngasikhathi sinye ngeziphathi ezintathu ezazilwisana: 55 00:05:20,201 --> 00:05:24,939 ubuholi baseCroatia, baseBosnia kanye baseKosovo e-Albania. 56 00:05:24,939 --> 00:05:33,449 Umsebenzi kwakuwukubonisa amaSerb njengabacindezelayo nabahlaseli bodwa, kanti amaCroat, amaMuslim aseBosnia kanye nama-Albania 57 00:05:33,449 --> 00:05:37,859 aseKosovo bekhonjiswa kuphela njengabahlukunyezwayo. 58 00:05:37,859 --> 00:05:45,406 Ngephropaganda yayo ethi "amaSerbia anomthwalo wamacala", le nhlangano yalungiselela umphakathi waseNtshonalanga impi. 59 00:05:45,406 --> 00:05:51,739 Umqondisi we-ejensi uJames Harff. "Sakwazi ukulinganisa amaSerb namaNazi." 60 00:05:51,739 --> 00:05:57,218 Cishe ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, abezindaba baqala ukusebenzisa ulimi oluhlukile, ngezisho ezifana 61 00:05:57,218 --> 00:06:03,152 nokuhlanzwa kobuhlanga, amakamu okuqoqwa, njll., ezihambisana nezithombe zeNazi Germany ne-Auschwitz. 62 00:06:03,152 --> 00:06:11,960 Akekho ongakuphikisa manje ngaphandle kokubekwa icala lokubuyekeza umlando. Saphumelela ngokuphelele. 63 00:06:11,960 --> 00:06:21,420 Ukunyuka okulawulwayo kwengxabano kwenza kwaba nesizathu sokungenelela kweSosha laseMelika eBalkans. 64 00:06:21,420 --> 00:06:25,846 Impi eYugoslavia yangaphambilini yagqugquzelwa nguhulumeni waseMelika: 65 00:06:25,846 --> 00:06:32,450 IYugoslavia eyayisekela iRussia yaphazamiseka ngamandla aseNtshonalanga yahlukaniswa yaba izizwe 66 00:06:32,450 --> 00:06:39,400 eziyisikhombisa ezizimele: iSlovenia, iCroatia, iBosnia, iSerbia, iMontenegro, iKosovo neMacedonia. 67 00:06:39,400 --> 00:06:45,412 Ngokuvusa ukungezwani kwabantu bamazizwe ngaphakathi, amaqembu ahlukene abantu bamazizwe adonswa ezingxabanweni 68 00:06:45,412 --> 00:06:49,380 ezintsha eziqhubekayo ezinamasosha ngeminyaka yama-1990. 69 00:06:49,380 --> 00:06:56,665 uRobert Baer, owayengumele we-CIA, inkonzo yezobunhloli yangaphandle yase-United States, wathi: "Inhloso 70 00:06:56,665 --> 00:07:04,539 yephropaganda kwakuwukwahlukanisa amaRiphabhulikhi aseYugoslavia ukuze ahlukane nezwe lakubo futhi abe ngabazimele." 71 00:07:04,539 --> 00:07:10,915 Konke esikudingayo kwakuyisigebengu esizosibeka icala ngakho konke, kuhlanganise nempi 72 00:07:10,915 --> 00:07:15,846 nodlame. ISerbia yakhethwa kulesi sikhundla...' 73 00:07:15,846 --> 00:07:25,560 Uphoyisa waseBrithani uJohn Crosland waphawula: "Umphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe wawusekela i-KLA." 74 00:07:25,560 --> 00:07:32,020 UMongameli wase-United States uBill Clinton, udiplomathi wase-United States uRichard Holbrooke noNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle 75 00:07:32,020 --> 00:07:39,913 wase-United States uMadeleine Albright babesivumelene ukuthi kuzoba nokushintshwa kukahulumeni eSerbia ... 76 00:07:39,913 --> 00:07:47,499 Izingxabano zempi eziqhubekayo phakathi kwamaqembu ezizwe ekugcineni zanikeza i-United States isizathu sokuhlasela 77 00:07:47,499 --> 00:07:55,446 kwe-NATO eSerbia, okwaphula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, nokubhujiswa kombuso kukaMongameli Slobodan Milošević. 78 00:07:55,446 --> 00:08:04,913 Ngemva kokuhlukana kweYugoslavia, ummeli wangaphambilini we-CIA uRobert Baer waxolisa kubantu bayo: 79 00:08:04,913 --> 00:08:12,900 Khohlwa okwedlule, ngoba kwakuhlelwe futhi bekungamanga. Wawugadliwe nje, futhi bazuze lokho abebekufuna. 80 00:08:12,900 --> 00:08:17,220 Kodwa ningaqhubeki nokugcina imizwa yobutha komunye nomunye ngenxa yalokhu! 81 00:08:17,220 --> 00:08:25,713 Kufanele ukhombise ukuthi ungakwazi ukuphakama ngaphezu kwalokhu futhi uqonde ukuthi ngubani ngempela onesono ngalesi simo! 82 00:08:25,713 --> 00:08:30,600 Ngithanda ukuxolisa kini nonke ngenhliziyo yonke! 83 00:08:30,600 --> 00:08:37,380 Ukushintshwa kukahulumeni eYugoslavia okuxhaswe ngemali ngokuhlanganyela uMnyango Wezangaphandle wase-United States: 84 00:08:37,380 --> 00:08:43,725 Ukushintsha kukahulumeni ngo-2000 eYugoslavia eyayikhona ngaleso sikhathi kuyisibonelo esisodwa kweziningi sokuthi uMnyango 85 00:08:43,725 --> 00:08:48,832 Wezangaphandle wase-US ubamba iqhaza kanjani ekushintsheni kwezikhulu zikahulumeni nasekubhidlizeni 86 00:08:48,832 --> 00:08:52,353 uhulumeni ngokusebenzisa okubizwa ngokuthi ama-NGO. 87 00:08:52,353 --> 00:08:59,145 Inhlangano yabafundi "Otpor", eyasungulwa njengenhlangano ephikisayo, yayingumfutho oqhuba 88 00:08:59,145 --> 00:09:03,806 abantu baseYugoslavia baphikise uMongameli Milošević. 89 00:09:03,806 --> 00:09:09,596 Abafundi be-'Otpor' bavusa imizwa yokuphikisa umongameli we-Yugoslavia, isibonelo ngokudweba i-graffiti 90 00:09:09,596 --> 00:09:12,600 kuyo yonke ingxenye yesibili yedolobha laseBelgrade. 91 00:09:12,600 --> 00:09:20,700 UMilošević wabekwa icala ngeMpi yaseBalkan kanye nesimo sezomnotho esibi kakhulu. 92 00:09:20,700 --> 00:09:26,526 Izenzo ze-Otpor zathola ukunakwa okuningi kwezindaba. 93 00:09:26,526 --> 00:09:34,740 Ngenxa yokugqugquzelwa kwe-Otpor, cishe abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-100 bahlangana eBelgrade ukuze baphikise umongameli. 94 00:09:34,740 --> 00:09:40,000 Baphethe amaphlakathi ngobuningi nophawu oluthi: "Yena (Milošević) usuqedile!" 95 00:09:40,000 --> 00:09:46,806 Otpor waxhaswa ngemali izinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni ezahlukene ezifana ne-NDI ne-NED. 96 00:09:46,806 --> 00:09:52,360 I-NED ixhaswa kakhulu uMnyango Wezangaphandle wase-United States. 97 00:09:52,360 --> 00:09:59,440 Ngo-6 Okthoba 2000, uMilošević waphuma esikhundleni. 98 00:09:59,440 --> 00:10:02,860 Inhloso nemiphumela yempi: 99 00:10:02,860 --> 00:10:11,148 Ngenxa yempi, isizinda sesibili ngobukhulu sezempi sase-United States eYurophu sasungulwa eKosovo – iCamp 100 00:10:11,148 --> 00:10:16,633 Bondsteel, enezinkulungwane zamasosha endaweni engu-386 hektha. 101 00:10:16,633 --> 00:10:24,928 Ngokuba khona kwabo kwezempi esifundeni esibalulekile ngokwamasu, i-USA yaqinisekisa ukulawula izindlela ezingaba khona zamapayipi 102 00:10:24,928 --> 00:10:33,313 kawoyela negesi ezivela eMpumalanga Ephakathi naseMpumalanga, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezohwebo kwezinsiza zemayini. 103 00:10:33,313 --> 00:10:41,439 uMphini-Jikelele waseBrithani uMichael Jackson, umyalo wokuqala weKosovo Force (KFOR) eqhutshwa yi-NATO, wathi: 104 00:10:41,439 --> 00:10:51,166 "Nakanjani sizohlala lapha isikhathi eside ukuze siqinisekise ukuphepha kwemigudu yamandla edlula eMacedonia." 105 00:10:51,166 --> 00:10:57,065 Ekupheleni kwefilimu yethu yeqiniso mayelana nokudlwengulwa ngesikhathi seMpi yaseYugoslavia, sibheka 106 00:10:57,065 --> 00:11:03,320 impendulo kaWilly Wimmer embuzweni wokuthi singenzeni ngamanga empini akhona yonke indawo: 107 00:11:03,320 --> 00:11:05,913 Okusele yigama. 108 00:11:05,913 --> 00:11:13,040 Njengoba amagama engavusa izimpi nokubhujiswa, angavimbela futhi. 109 00:11:13,040 --> 00:11:19,014 Noma yini ebangela ukuhlukana ekugcineni isebenzela amandla abakhuthaza impi, azi kahle indlela yokusebenzisa ubuthakathaka 110 00:11:19,014 --> 00:11:22,313 ngokunembile ukuze enze amacebo abo emhlabeni wonke. 111 00:11:22,313 --> 00:11:28,470 Ngezwi lakho nokusabalalisa lolu hlelo, lezo zixhumanisi zingavezwa ekukhanyeni futhi 112 00:11:28,470 --> 00:11:31,073 ekugcineni izimpi zingavinjwa. 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