WEBVTT 00:05.376 --> 00:09.796 Ukuhlinzwa empi yaseYugoslavia. 00:09.796 --> 00:14.328 Babukeli abathandekayo, kule dokhumentari elandelayo sibika ngokuphathwa ngobuqili 00:14.328 --> 00:16.753 okwenzeka ngesikhathi seMpi yaseYugoslavia. 00:16.753 --> 00:23.111 Ingabe ukuqhuma kokungazinzi komphakathi, njengalokho okwenzeka okwamanje eMacedonia noma eYugoslavia ngeminyaka 00:23.111 --> 00:30.646 yama-1990, ngempela kuvela ngokuzimela, okusho ukuthi kuvela ekunganelisekeni kwabantu, njengokuchazwa yabezindaba ezinkulu? 00:30.646 --> 00:36.119 Noma ngabe kunecebo eliyinkimbinkimbi elakhiwe ngabacubunguli bamacebo bomhlaba wonke ngemuva kwalokho? 00:36.119 --> 00:43.165 Engxoxweni eyayenziwa ngomhlaka 24 Mashi 2017, uWilly Wimmer, owayenguNobhala Wezwe wePhalamende eMnyangweni Wezokuvikela 00:43.165 --> 00:48.814 weRiphabhulikhi YaseJalimane, ugcizelela ukufana okucacile phakathi kwezingxabano zanamuhla nempi 00:48.814 --> 00:52.873 yaseYugoslavia, eyaphula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. 00:52.873 --> 00:59.559 Uqukumbela wathi: "Uhulumeni usitshela amanga ngokusebenzisa amazinyo ethu ngenhloso ye-NATO." 00:59.559 --> 01:05.371 Lokho uhulumeni kazwelonke abekwenza kusukela ngo-1999 nempi ebhekiswe eYugoslavia: liyaxoka kubantu 01:05.371 --> 01:09.980 baseJalimane kusukela kolunye uxabanu kuya kolunye. 01:09.980 --> 01:15.000 Bafowethu nodadewethu, uWilly Wimmer ufika kanjani kulezi zitatimende ezibucayi kangaka? 01:15.000 --> 01:22.940 Ukuze sithole, sizohlola amasu abadlali be-chess bomhlaba wonke sisebenzisa iMpi yaseYugoslavia njengesibonelo. 01:22.940 --> 01:27.700 Isizathu sempi: Indaba yokuhlukunyezwa kwabantu okuthiwa yinhlekelele yobuntu: 01:27.700 --> 01:34.299 NgoMashi 1999, iJalimane yahlanganyela empini okokuqala ngemuva kweminyaka engu-50, empini yokuhlasela 01:34.299 --> 01:40.786 ye-NATO ephikisana neYugoslavia yangaphambilini, eyayingahambisani nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. 01:40.786 --> 01:45.600 Ibutho lomoya le-NATO lwaphonsa amabhomu angu-14 000 eYugoslavia. 01:45.600 --> 01:53.300 Ukuze bazwisise impi emphakathini, abezepolitiki bathi kwakusenzeka ingozi enkulu yabantu. 01:53.300 --> 01:57.340 Lokhu kungapheliswa kuphela ngempi yobuntu. 01:57.340 --> 02:02.919 Nokho, uJochen Scholz, owake waba ngumkhonzi wesosha ophakeme (lieutenant colonel) eMbuthanweni Wezindiza Zempi we-NATO futhi 02:02.919 --> 02:06.420 manje engumkhankaseli wokuthula, waphikisa ngokuqinile le ndaba. 02:06.420 --> 02:13.260 Waphawula ukuthi impi yomoya yayivele ihlelwe ngo-1998. Futhi lokhu nakuba, ngokwembiko 02:13.260 --> 02:17.180 ye-OSCE, kwakungekho nhlekelele yezobuntu. 02:17.180 --> 02:23.286 I-OSCE iyiNhlangano Yokuphepha Nokusebenzisana eYurophu. 02:23.286 --> 02:29.508 Kodwa-ke kungani impi? Ngokusho kukaScholz, indawo yaseYugoslavia emhlabeni kwakusho ukuthi 02:29.508 --> 02:34.740 ukunwetshwa kwe-EU ne-NATO kuya empumalanga kwakusehlelo. 02:34.740 --> 02:40.420 UNorma Brown, udiplomathi wase-US e-OSCE, wawufingqa ngokufingqa: 02:40.420 --> 02:49.300 Iqiniso liwukuthi wonke umuntu wayazi ukuthi ingozi yabantu yayizokwenzeka kuphela uma i-NATO ibhomba! 02:49.300 --> 02:53.873 Isivumelwano somkhankaso wokhetho phakathi kukaGerhard Schröder noBill Clinton: 02:53.873 --> 03:00.520 NgokukaLieutenant Colonel osephumile emsebenzini uJochen Scholz, umfakisicelo wesikhundla seChancellor uGerhard Schröder wahamba 03:00.520 --> 03:05.765 waya e-United States ekuqaleni kwehlobo lika-1998 ngesikhathi somkhankaso wakhe wokhetho futhi waxoxa 03:05.765 --> 03:09.820 noMongameli wase-United States uBill Clinton mayelana neKosovo. 03:09.820 --> 03:17.820 Lapho, kwaxoxwa ngempi eyayihleliwe eYugoslavia kanye nokubandakanyeka kwezempi kweJalimane ngaphansi kukaSchröder. 03:17.820 --> 03:23.508 Ngokusho kukaScholz, abasizi bomkhankaso wokhetho lwaseMelika bathunyelwa kuGerhard Schröder 03:23.508 --> 03:27.580 ukuze bamsize anqobe ukhetho njengoSihlalo WeFederal. 03:27.580 --> 03:36.960 Kwakudingeka ukushintsha uhulumeni ngoba uHelmut Kohl wayengeke avume ukubamba iqhaza kweJalimane empini. 03:36.960 --> 03:41.873 Impi ingamanga yabaphathiswa baseJalimane uScharping noFischer: 03:41.873 --> 03:47.200 Uhulumeni waseJalimane wawudinga ukwamukelwa yizwe ukuze angene empini. 03:47.200 --> 03:53.340 UMphathiswa Wezokuvikela uScharping noMphathiswa Wezangaphandle uFischer bavuselele lokhu ngobuqili bokupropaganda. 03:53.340 --> 04:01.360 Bahlanganisa isimo eKosovo nomlando wamaNazi waseJalimane, ngaleyo ndlela bashaya amaJalimane lapho kubuhlungu khona. 04:01.360 --> 04:09.360 Bakhokhele umphakathi ngezindaba ezesabekayo mayelana nokuhlanzwa kobuhlanga eSerbia kanye nekamu lokugxila ePristina. 04:09.360 --> 04:16.066 Ucwaningo olwenziwa endaweni ngabezindaba u-Angerer no-Werth, kanye nomjenerali waseJalimane nomsebenzi we-OSCE uHeinz 04:16.066 --> 04:20.540 Loquai, lwavezile ukuthi konke lokhu kwakungamanga ngokuphelele. 04:20.540 --> 04:28.433 Kwakukhona kuphela impi phakathi kwempi yaseYugoslavia namayunithi ezempi ezisebenza ngaphansi kwezomthetho zase-Albania. 04:28.433 --> 04:34.310 Noma kunjalo, iphropaganda yempi kaScharping noFischer yaphumelela ekukholiseni umphakathi ukuba usekele 04:34.310 --> 04:39.233 ukukhululwa ezinhlakaleni ezenziwe amaSerbhi ngesikhathi sempi. 04:39.233 --> 04:51.013 Umsakazi we-NATO uJamie Shea wathi: "Ukube besilahlekelwe umbono womphakathi eJalimane, besizolahlekelwa kuyo yonke inhlangano." 04:51.013 --> 04:56.886 Izikhungo ze-PR zilungiselela impi eYugoslavia yangaphambilini: 04:56.886 --> 05:03.516 Incwadi ethi Operation Balkan: Ukukhangisa Empini Nokufa, ebhalwe nguJörg Becker noMira Beham, ikhombisa ukuthi izinkampani 05:03.516 --> 05:08.097 zaseMelika ze-PR zisebenzise kanjani imithombo yezindaba ukudala izithombe ezingelona 05:08.097 --> 05:11.873 iqiniso ngesitha ngesikhathi seMpi yaseYugoslavia. 05:11.873 --> 05:20.201 Isibonelo, inkampani enamthelela yaseMelika iRuder Finn yasebenza ngasikhathi sinye ngeziphathi ezintathu ezazilwisana: 05:20.201 --> 05:24.939 ubuholi baseCroatia, baseBosnia kanye baseKosovo e-Albania. 05:24.939 --> 05:33.449 Umsebenzi kwakuwukubonisa amaSerb njengabacindezelayo nabahlaseli bodwa, kanti amaCroat, amaMuslim aseBosnia kanye nama-Albania 05:33.449 --> 05:37.859 aseKosovo bekhonjiswa kuphela njengabahlukunyezwayo. 05:37.859 --> 05:45.406 Ngephropaganda yayo ethi "amaSerbia anomthwalo wamacala", le nhlangano yalungiselela umphakathi waseNtshonalanga impi. 05:45.406 --> 05:51.739 Umqondisi we-ejensi uJames Harff. "Sakwazi ukulinganisa amaSerb namaNazi." 05:51.739 --> 05:57.218 Cishe ngokushesha ngemva kwalokho, abezindaba baqala ukusebenzisa ulimi oluhlukile, ngezisho ezifana 05:57.218 --> 06:03.152 nokuhlanzwa kobuhlanga, amakamu okuqoqwa, njll., ezihambisana nezithombe zeNazi Germany ne-Auschwitz. 06:03.152 --> 06:11.960 Akekho ongakuphikisa manje ngaphandle kokubekwa icala lokubuyekeza umlando. Saphumelela ngokuphelele. 06:11.960 --> 06:21.420 Ukunyuka okulawulwayo kwengxabano kwenza kwaba nesizathu sokungenelela kweSosha laseMelika eBalkans. 06:21.420 --> 06:25.846 Impi eYugoslavia yangaphambilini yagqugquzelwa nguhulumeni waseMelika: 06:25.846 --> 06:32.450 IYugoslavia eyayisekela iRussia yaphazamiseka ngamandla aseNtshonalanga yahlukaniswa yaba izizwe 06:32.450 --> 06:39.400 eziyisikhombisa ezizimele: iSlovenia, iCroatia, iBosnia, iSerbia, iMontenegro, iKosovo neMacedonia. 06:39.400 --> 06:45.412 Ngokuvusa ukungezwani kwabantu bamazizwe ngaphakathi, amaqembu ahlukene abantu bamazizwe adonswa ezingxabanweni 06:45.412 --> 06:49.380 ezintsha eziqhubekayo ezinamasosha ngeminyaka yama-1990. 06:49.380 --> 06:56.665 uRobert Baer, owayengumele we-CIA, inkonzo yezobunhloli yangaphandle yase-United States, wathi: "Inhloso 06:56.665 --> 07:04.539 yephropaganda kwakuwukwahlukanisa amaRiphabhulikhi aseYugoslavia ukuze ahlukane nezwe lakubo futhi abe ngabazimele." 07:04.539 --> 07:10.915 Konke esikudingayo kwakuyisigebengu esizosibeka icala ngakho konke, kuhlanganise nempi 07:10.915 --> 07:15.846 nodlame. ISerbia yakhethwa kulesi sikhundla...' 07:15.846 --> 07:25.560 Uphoyisa waseBrithani uJohn Crosland waphawula: "Umphakathi wamazwe ngamazwe wawusekela i-KLA." 07:25.560 --> 07:32.020 UMongameli wase-United States uBill Clinton, udiplomathi wase-United States uRichard Holbrooke noNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle 07:32.020 --> 07:39.913 wase-United States uMadeleine Albright babesivumelene ukuthi kuzoba nokushintshwa kukahulumeni eSerbia ... 07:39.913 --> 07:47.499 Izingxabano zempi eziqhubekayo phakathi kwamaqembu ezizwe ekugcineni zanikeza i-United States isizathu sokuhlasela 07:47.499 --> 07:55.446 kwe-NATO eSerbia, okwaphula umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, nokubhujiswa kombuso kukaMongameli Slobodan Milošević. 07:55.446 --> 08:04.913 Ngemva kokuhlukana kweYugoslavia, ummeli wangaphambilini we-CIA uRobert Baer waxolisa kubantu bayo: 08:04.913 --> 08:12.900 Khohlwa okwedlule, ngoba kwakuhlelwe futhi bekungamanga. Wawugadliwe nje, futhi bazuze lokho abebekufuna. 08:12.900 --> 08:17.220 Kodwa ningaqhubeki nokugcina imizwa yobutha komunye nomunye ngenxa yalokhu! 08:17.220 --> 08:25.713 Kufanele ukhombise ukuthi ungakwazi ukuphakama ngaphezu kwalokhu futhi uqonde ukuthi ngubani ngempela onesono ngalesi simo! 08:25.713 --> 08:30.600 Ngithanda ukuxolisa kini nonke ngenhliziyo yonke! 08:30.600 --> 08:37.380 Ukushintshwa kukahulumeni eYugoslavia okuxhaswe ngemali ngokuhlanganyela uMnyango Wezangaphandle wase-United States: 08:37.380 --> 08:43.725 Ukushintsha kukahulumeni ngo-2000 eYugoslavia eyayikhona ngaleso sikhathi kuyisibonelo esisodwa kweziningi sokuthi uMnyango 08:43.725 --> 08:48.832 Wezangaphandle wase-US ubamba iqhaza kanjani ekushintsheni kwezikhulu zikahulumeni nasekubhidlizeni 08:48.832 --> 08:52.353 uhulumeni ngokusebenzisa okubizwa ngokuthi ama-NGO. 08:52.353 --> 08:59.145 Inhlangano yabafundi "Otpor", eyasungulwa njengenhlangano ephikisayo, yayingumfutho oqhuba 08:59.145 --> 09:03.806 abantu baseYugoslavia baphikise uMongameli Milošević. 09:03.806 --> 09:09.596 Abafundi be-'Otpor' bavusa imizwa yokuphikisa umongameli we-Yugoslavia, isibonelo ngokudweba i-graffiti 09:09.596 --> 09:12.600 kuyo yonke ingxenye yesibili yedolobha laseBelgrade. 09:12.600 --> 09:20.700 UMilošević wabekwa icala ngeMpi yaseBalkan kanye nesimo sezomnotho esibi kakhulu. 09:20.700 --> 09:26.526 Izenzo ze-Otpor zathola ukunakwa okuningi kwezindaba. 09:26.526 --> 09:34.740 Ngenxa yokugqugquzelwa kwe-Otpor, cishe abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-100 bahlangana eBelgrade ukuze baphikise umongameli. 09:34.740 --> 09:40.000 Baphethe amaphlakathi ngobuningi nophawu oluthi: "Yena (Milošević) usuqedile!" 09:40.000 --> 09:46.806 Otpor waxhaswa ngemali izinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni ezahlukene ezifana ne-NDI ne-NED. 09:46.806 --> 09:52.360 I-NED ixhaswa kakhulu uMnyango Wezangaphandle wase-United States. 09:52.360 --> 09:59.440 Ngo-6 Okthoba 2000, uMilošević waphuma esikhundleni. 09:59.440 --> 10:02.860 Inhloso nemiphumela yempi: 10:02.860 --> 10:11.148 Ngenxa yempi, isizinda sesibili ngobukhulu sezempi sase-United States eYurophu sasungulwa eKosovo – iCamp 10:11.148 --> 10:16.633 Bondsteel, enezinkulungwane zamasosha endaweni engu-386 hektha. 10:16.633 --> 10:24.928 Ngokuba khona kwabo kwezempi esifundeni esibalulekile ngokwamasu, i-USA yaqinisekisa ukulawula izindlela ezingaba khona zamapayipi 10:24.928 --> 10:33.313 kawoyela negesi ezivela eMpumalanga Ephakathi naseMpumalanga, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezohwebo kwezinsiza zemayini. 10:33.313 --> 10:41.439 uMphini-Jikelele waseBrithani uMichael Jackson, umyalo wokuqala weKosovo Force (KFOR) eqhutshwa yi-NATO, wathi: 10:41.439 --> 10:51.166 "Nakanjani sizohlala lapha isikhathi eside ukuze siqinisekise ukuphepha kwemigudu yamandla edlula eMacedonia." 10:51.166 --> 10:57.065 Ekupheleni kwefilimu yethu yeqiniso mayelana nokudlwengulwa ngesikhathi seMpi yaseYugoslavia, sibheka 10:57.065 --> 11:03.320 impendulo kaWilly Wimmer embuzweni wokuthi singenzeni ngamanga empini akhona yonke indawo: 11:03.320 --> 11:05.913 Okusele yigama. 11:05.913 --> 11:13.040 Njengoba amagama engavusa izimpi nokubhujiswa, angavimbela futhi. 11:13.040 --> 11:19.014 Noma yini ebangela ukuhlukana ekugcineni isebenzela amandla abakhuthaza impi, azi kahle indlela yokusebenzisa ubuthakathaka 11:19.014 --> 11:22.313 ngokunembile ukuze enze amacebo abo emhlabeni wonke. 11:22.313 --> 11:28.470 Ngezwi lakho nokusabalalisa lolu hlelo, lezo zixhumanisi zingavezwa ekukhanyeni futhi 11:28.470 --> 11:31.073 ekugcineni izimpi zingavinjwa. 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