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Wikipedia iyisayithi yesikhombisa efunwa
kakhulu emhlabeni futhi ngokungangabazeki

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iyi-encyclopaedia eku-inthanethi eyaziwa kakhulu.

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Ngakho-ke i-Wikipedia inethonya elikhulu
kulwazi nombono womhlaba wabantu abaningi.

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I-Wikipedia ngokuvamile ibhekwa njengomsebenzi wobambiswano
ocacile futhi okwethenjwa kakhulu. Kodwa ngabe kunjalo ngempela?

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Ubani nokuthi yini engemuva
kwe-Wikipedia, futhi imigomo yayo iyini?

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I-Wikipedia iphethwe yi-Wikimedia Foundation. Njalo
ngonyaka, i-Wikipedia icela abafundi bayo iminikelo,

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okwenza kubonakale sengathi iyithuluzi elixhaswa ngabafundi.

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I-Wikimedia, isisekelo esisekela i-Wikipedia,
yayinezimpahla ezingaphezu kuka-£100 million ngoJuni 2021.

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Ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "iWikipedia nePropaganda," iSwiss
Policy Research ivuselele indatshana ekhasini layo

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lasekhaya ngoJanuwari 2024, eyancishiswa futhi yaphinda
yashicilelwa ingxenye ngamazwi ayo yiKla.TV ngezansi.

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Ingabe i-Wikipedia iyisebenziswano sababhali abaningi?

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Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi i-Wikipedia yesiNgisi,
enezibukwa zamakhasi eziyizigidigidi eziyisikhombisa ngenyanga,

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iphethwe ngabaphathi abasebenzayo abangama-500 kuphela.

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I-Wikipedia yesiJalimane, enokubukwa kwamakhasi
cishe ibhiliyoni ngenyanga, ilawulwa ngabasebenzi

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abangamashumi amathathu kuphela nabaphathi abangama-150.

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Amaphesenti angama-80% ako lonke okuqukethwe
kwe-Wikipedia kubhalwe ngu-1% kuphela kwabo bonke ababhali!

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Yiziphi amaqembu athonya izihloko ku-Wikipedia?

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Umthelela wezinkampani

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Kwesinye sezimo ezidume kakhulu, umphathi wephrojekthi
enkampanini yezemithi iMerck wayengumphathi

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weWikipedia yaseJalimane futhi waphatha
ngokungafanele izihloko mayelana nomlando nemikhiqizo yeMerck.

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Udaba lwatholakala ngo-2015, kodwa
akuzange kube nemiphumela kumphathi.

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2014 Ucwaningo lwavezile ukuthi iLufthansa yasusa kanjani idatha
ngomsindo wezindiza ku-Wikipedia nokuthi umkhiqizi

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wezimoto i-MAN wasusa kanjani ulwazi mayelana
nokukhiqizwa kwezitanki ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yesibili.

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I-Daimler-Benz isuse izinkomba zokuthonya
kwezombusazwe, kanti i-Boehringer Ingelheim

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isuse ulwazi mayelana ne-"Agent Orange" eyakhiwe.

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Umthelela wezinsizakalo eziyimfihlo

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Ngonyaka ka-2007, abacwaningi bathole ukuthi omunye wabaphathi
be-Wikipedia yesiNgisi abasebenza kakhulu nabathonya kakhulu,

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owaziwa ngokuthi "Slim Virgin", empeleni
wayengumxhumanisi wangaphambilini wezobunhloli

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baseBrithani owayehlala egama elingamanga eCanada.

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Futhi ngo-2007, abacwaningi bakwazi ukufakazela ukuthi abasebenzi
be-CIA ne-FBI bahlela izihloko ze-Wikipedia

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ngezihloko eziphikisanayo ezifana neMpi
yase-Iraq kanye nejele lempi lase-Guantánamo.

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Umthelela wamaqembu abashisekeli ku-Wikipedia

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Ngaphezu kwezinkampani ze-PR nabasebenzi bakahulumeni,
amaqembu ambalwa abavukela-mashalo nawo adlala indima

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ebalulekile ekuhleleni nasekuguquleni izihloko ze-Wikipedia.

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Enye yamaqembu abashisekeli anethonya elikhulu kodwa angaziwa
kakhulu ku-Wikipedia ngabantu ababizwa ngokuthi "ama-sceptics",

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inhlangano engaqondakali futhi efana nebandla,
amalungu ayo awabheki ngokungabaza izikhundla

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ezisemthethweni, kodwa ayigxeka lezo zikhundla.

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Ngakho-ke, 'abazibaza' empeleni basebenza
njengezimpi zikagesi ngenhloso yezombusazwe nezokuhweba.

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Ngisho nase-pandemic ye-coronavirus (2020–2022), 'abasolisayo'
badlale indima ebalulekile ku-Wikipedia ngokuphoqa izimvo

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ezisemthethweni kodwa ezingamanga kakhulu nokudicilela
phansi abacwaningi ababalulekile, odokotela, kanye nezintatheli.

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Isibonelo, ithuba lokuthi umkhuhlane wavela
elabhorethri lahlulwa njengombono wobuqili, futhi

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umphumela wokuvikela kwemijovo yokugoma wakhuliswa kakhulu.

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Ngisho nangendaba eyinkimbinkimbi yokuguquka
kwesimo sezulu, abavukeli bavikela indaba

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esemthethweni futhi bahlambalaza ababhali abagxeki.

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Ezinye zale misebenzi zixhaswa ngohulumeni,
njengomkhankaso wokuthuthukisa ukuxhumana kolwazi

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mayelana nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu nge-Wikipedia.

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2019 uveze ukuthi izihloko zase-Wikipedia zesiJalimane
eziphathelene nokuguqulwa kwamandla, ukufudumala komhlaba,

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ukuvikelwa kwesimo sezulu, ukuphika ukuguquka kwesimo
sezulu, ukuphika isayensi, amandla omoya, amapaneli elanga

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kanye noGreta Thunberg zonke zine umbhali oyinhloko ofanayo:

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Ilungu leGreen Party kanye
nomkhankaso wababheki-mbili baseJalimane.

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Enye iqembu elisebenza kakhulu ekuhleleni
nasekulawuleni izihloko zezepolitiki nezomphakathi

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ku-Wikipedia yi-ebizwa ngokuthi "umkhankaso we-Antifa".

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Ngokuphambene ne-'phiko lasekhohlo' lendabuko, uhlelo lwanamuhla
lwe-'Antifa' lweseka izinqubomgomo ezisekela iMelika ne-Israel.

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2021 Imibhalo evuzile iveze ukuthi ilungu elihamba
phambili lenhlangano yaseMelika i-"Antifa"

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lalixhumene nezikhungo zobunhloli zaseBrithani naseMelika.

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Ilungu le-Antifa lahlasela bobabili abezindaba
nabaphathi bezepolitiki abavikeli besiko nabesobunxele besintu

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ababegxeka izimpi zase-US noma inqubomgomo yase-Israel.

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Emazweni akhuluma isiJalimane, igama elithi
"Transatlantifa" selisunguliwe kulo mbutho wabashisekeli.

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I-Wikipedia ne-WEF

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Akumangazi ukuthi umsunguli we-Wikipedia, uJimmy Wales, uye
wavuma kaningi lezo zokusebenza ezifihlakele ku-Wikipedia.

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Wales ungumngane kaTony Blair, owayenguNdunankulu
waseBrithani. Ngo-2012, uWales washada noKate Garvey.

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UKate Garvey ungumholi omusha womhlaba
wonke we-World Economic Forum (WEF) eDavos.

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Owayengu-CEO we-Wikimedia, uKatherine Maher
(2016–2021), wayesebenza ngaphambilini e-American

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Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) enethonya.

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UKatherine Maher futhi ungumholi omusha womhlaba wonke we-WEF,
ilungu eliphezulu e-Atlantic Council ehlangene

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ne-NATO, kanye nelungu leBhodi Lezinqubomgomo
Zezangaphandle leSebe Likahulumeni LaseMelika.

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umsunguli-mbambisene weWikipedia akasathembi iWikipedia

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Engxoxweni yango-2021, umsunguli-mbambisene we-Wikipedia
uLarry Sanger wathi wayengeke asathemba iwebhusayithi ayidalile.

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Ikakhulukazi, uSanger waphawula ukuthi izihloko nezimpikiswano
ezingaveli emithonjeni yezindaba eyinhloko esesimaphakathi

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kwesobunxele zingase zingaveli ku-Wikipedia futhi.

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Eqinisweni, iWikipedia yamukela cishe kuphela imithombo yezindaba
esivele yaziwa njengezizimthombo ezithembekile,

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kanti imithombo yezindaba ezizimele,
kungakhathalekile ikhwalithi yazo, zisalelwa ngaphandle kakhulu.

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Engxoxweni nomlobi wezindaba waseMelika uGlenn Greenwald
ngo-2023, uSanger waphikisa ukuthi iWikipedia isibe yithuluzi

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lokulawula ezandleni zesimiso sobuholi baseMelika kanye
nezikhungo zobuhlakani, wengeza ukuthi,

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ngokombono wakhe, "akukho incwadi yolwazi eyake yaba
ngaphandle kokulinganisela njengaleyo yeWikipedia."

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Siphothula ngesisho esivela kumhleli wakudala
we-Wikipedia: "Okwenzekayo ku-Wikipedia kuyihlazo."

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Bengingumshicileli wemibhalo futhi
ngiyakuqinisekisa ubushiqela babaphathi.

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Akukhona ngokuphikisana, kodwa ngamandla.