1
00:00:00,179 --> 00:00:07,617
Ingaba abantu abagonyiweyo ngeteknoloji 'yesitofu
sokugonya' se-mRNA zizidalwa ezitshintshiwe ngokwemfuza?

2
00:00:07,617 --> 00:00:11,843
Kutheni esi siqholo singena ubisi lwamabele?

3
00:00:11,843 --> 00:00:17,126
Kwaye kutheni ungcoliseko lwe-DNA kwezi zitofu
zokugonya lunokukhokelela kwiintlobo ezintsha

4
00:00:17,126 --> 00:00:20,988
zomhlaza okanye kude kube ngumhlaza okhawulezayo?

5
00:00:20,988 --> 00:00:26,517
Hlalani nibukele nize nifumanise kwinkqubo
elandelayo ukuba kutheni itekhnoloji 'yesitofu

6
00:00:26,517 --> 00:00:30,559
sokugonya' esisekelwe kwi-mRNA iyingozi ebantwini!

7
00:00:30,559 --> 00:00:36,455
Ngo-2019, ngexesha lobhubhane we-coronavirus,
kwasetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe begonyo obutsha

8
00:00:36,455 --> 00:00:40,549
ebantwini okokuqala: ubuchwepheshe begonyo le-mRNA.

9
00:00:40,549 --> 00:00:46,835
Nangoko ke, oogqirha balumkisa ukuba le teknoloji intsha iza
kusetyenziselwa ukwenza ulingo olukhulu kuluntu

10
00:00:46,835 --> 00:00:52,921
lonke, kungekho zifundo zenzululwazi zinzulu
ezenziwe kwangaphambili ukuvavanya iziphumo zayo!

11
00:00:52,921 --> 00:00:57,867
Namhlanje, phantse kwiminyaka emine emva kokwaziswa kobu
buchwepheshe begonyo, ngelishwa phantse zonke

12
00:00:57,867 --> 00:01:03,162
iintshabalalo malunga neziphumo zobu
buchwepheshe obusekelwe kwi-mRNA ziye zaba yinyani.

13
00:01:03,162 --> 00:01:11,939
Ingcali yebhayoloji yemolekyuli uNjing. Gqr. Klaus Steger kunye
noNjing. Gqr. Alexandra Henrion-Caude, ingcali kwicandelo le-RNA

14
00:01:11,939 --> 00:01:21,038
kunye ne-epigenetics , bafingqe iziphumo zophando lwamva nje
malunga netekhnoloji yegonyo esekelwe kwi-mRNA kucamacamanzi.

15
00:01:21,038 --> 00:01:27,338
Isihloko sithi: Itekhnoloji 'yesitofu
sokugonya' esisekelwe kwi-mRNA: Umdlalo uphelile!

16
00:01:27,338 --> 00:01:32,795
Phambi kokuba sikushwankathelele oku
ngokufutshane, nazi iinkcazelo ezimbalwa zamagama.

17
00:01:32,795 --> 00:01:38,627
Isiqholo sokugonya i-coronavirus se-mRNA asisabizwa
ngokuba sisiqholo sokugonya, kodwa sibizwa njengeteknoloji

18
00:01:38,627 --> 00:01:42,670
yesitofu sokugonya esekelwe kwi-modRNA esetyenziswa ebantwini.

19
00:01:42,670 --> 00:01:51,608
i-modRNA, kuba yi-mRNA eyenziweyo
engenakuthelekiswa ne-mRNA yomntu esemzimbeni.

20
00:01:51,608 --> 00:01:55,265
Ngokutsho kwesazi nge-biology uNjingalwazi Gqr.
Ulrike Kämmerer, isitofu sokuthintela

21
00:01:55,265 --> 00:01:58,534
i-coronavirus akufanelanga sibizwe njengesitofu sokuthintela.

22
00:01:58,534 --> 00:02:02,428
UGqr Kämmerer uthe oku kulandelayo kudliwanondlebe:

23
00:02:02,428 --> 00:02:06,425
"Asiyonto yokugonya ngokwendlela
eqhelekileyo, kodwa luhlobo lwe-injiniyering yezofuzo."

24
00:02:06,425 --> 00:02:13,197
Ayisiyiyo nophengulelo lwemfuza, kuba akukho nto
iphathwayo; endaweni yoko, yindlela yokwenziwa kweemfuza.

25
00:02:13,197 --> 00:02:21,168
Sisisetyenziso sobunjineli bemfuza, kwaye ngelixa isitofu
sokwenyani sisebenzisa ukugonya ngentsholongwane ebulaliweyo

26
00:02:21,168 --> 00:02:28,531
okanye isakhiwo sayo, oko kukuthi iproteni yentsholongwane, mna
ndinomlinganiselo ochaziweyo ongenakusasazeka

27
00:02:28,531 --> 00:02:36,063
emzimbeni kwaye ekugqibeleni udilikiswe,
kushiyeke kuphela impendulo yokhuselo lomzimba, masithi.

28
00:02:36,063 --> 00:02:43,575
Kodwa ngoku ndinyanzela iiseli zomntu ukuba zenze okwezi
bhaktheriya ekuboliseni, oko kukuthi, ukuba kuqala zivelise

29
00:02:43,575 --> 00:02:49,562
izitofu zokugonya ngokwenene ngaphandle kokwazi ukuba ziya
kusebenza kangakanani na, zithathe ixesha

30
00:02:49,562 --> 00:02:57,080
elingakanani na, mhlawumbi ziya kuhlala ubomi bonke
na, nokuba ziya kungena na kwi-nucleus yeseli.

31
00:02:57,080 --> 00:03:03,575
Oku kuthetha ukuba wonke umntu ofumana ezi jovo,
kuquka neentshotyolo zexesha elizayo, ekuqaleni uya kuba

32
00:03:03,575 --> 00:03:07,473
sisidalwa esilungisiweyo ngokwemfuza ngokunyanzeliswa.

33
00:03:07,473 --> 00:03:11,163
Ngezantsi kukho isishwankathelo esifutshane seziphumo zezifundo.

34
00:03:11,163 --> 00:03:16,913
Itekhnoloji ye-mRNA, ekwimo yeentlawulo,
inokukhokelela koku kulandelayo ebantwini:

35
00:03:16,913 --> 00:03:23,982
Ukurhawuzelela okungapheliyo kwisitho ngasinye somzimba,
umz. ukurhawuzelela kwenyama yentliziyo kunye nepericardium.

36
00:03:23,982 --> 00:03:28,280
I-modRNA ingadityaniswa kwi-DNA yeeseli zomntu.

37
00:03:28,280 --> 00:03:35,123
Ukuba oku kwenzeka kwiiseli zembewu zesilisa okanye
zesifazane, ijenom yezizukulwana ezizayo iya kutshintshwa.

38
00:03:35,123 --> 00:03:41,772
Itekhnoloji yesitofu sokugonya se-modRNA okanye ukufakwa
kwe-modRNA kwiiseli zomzimba ngokwazo kunokukhokelela

39
00:03:41,772 --> 00:03:49,240
kwiintlobo ezintsha zomhlaza kwaye, kubantu esele
benomhlaza, kukhokelele kumhlaza okhawulezayo kakhulu!

40
00:03:49,240 --> 00:03:55,154
I-Kla.TV isishwankathelele iingongoma ezimbalwa
ezisuka kule ncwadana yaza yazivelisa apha ngokufinyeziweyo.

41
00:03:55,154 --> 00:04:02,079
Iphepha elipheleleyo liyafumaneka ngaphantsi kwenkqubo
ngesiJamani nesiNgesi kwibhokisi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

42
00:04:02,079 --> 00:04:09,636
1. Uxelelwa, "Yisitofu sokugonya," kodwa oko akuyonyani.

43
00:04:09,636 --> 00:04:15,336
Asiyiyo "isitofu sokugonya" kuba iyahlangabezana nazo
zonke iimfuno zemveliso eyenziwe ngokwenjiniyeringi yemfuza.

44
00:04:15,336 --> 00:04:22,140
Iqulathe i-mRNA eguquliweyo, i-modRNA, eveliswe
ngokwenziwa, epakishwe kwiinqwelo-mthwalo ezincinci

45
00:04:22,140 --> 00:04:27,735
kakhulu ze-lipid ezithutha i-modRNA zizise kwiiseli zethu.

46
00:04:27,735 --> 00:04:35,176
2. Uxelelwa, "Yi-mRNA," kodwa oko akuyonyani.

47
00:04:35,176 --> 00:04:41,574
Asiyiyo i-mRNA, kodwa yi-mRNA eguquliweyo, i-modRNA.

48
00:04:41,574 --> 00:04:49,770
Nangona le modRNA iveliswe ngobuchwepheshe ifana
ne-mRNA yendalo, iimpawu zayo zahluke ngokupheleleyo:

49
00:04:49,770 --> 00:04:55,705
Ngokungafaniyo ne-mRNA yendalo, eyonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza,
i-modRNA evela 'kwiigonyo' zeCovid-19

50
00:04:55,705 --> 00:05:02,387
ifunyenwe egazini kangangeentsuku ezingama-28
nakumalungu omzimba kangangeeveki ezisibhozo.

51
00:05:02,387 --> 00:05:10,278
Kuye kwangqineka ukuba iproteni yesipike, eyenziwa yi-mRNA efakwe
ngokugonywa, ijikeleza egazini kangangeenyanga ezintandathu.

52
00:05:10,278 --> 00:05:14,649
I-DNA ikwakhona kwi-vaccines, nto leyo engalindelekanga kwaphela.

53
00:05:14,649 --> 00:05:21,048
Kufunyenwe izixhobo ezininzi zeDNA ezingcolisayo
kwiibhetshi zezitofu zokugonya, iziphumo zazo

54
00:05:21,048 --> 00:05:26,247
ezixhalabisayo ngokwengcaciso yethu yenzululwazi yangoku.

55
00:05:26,247 --> 00:05:32,993
Zinokubangela ukulawulwa kwejini okuguqukileyo
kwaye zibe yingozi yokudityaniswa kwi-genome yethu .

56
00:05:32,993 --> 00:05:41,427
3. Uxelelwa: "Isitofu sahlala
kwisihlunu sakho," kodwa oko akuyonyani.

57
00:05:41,427 --> 00:05:46,021
"I-vaccine" ibingazange yenzelwe ukuhlala
kwisihlunu, kodwa yayenzelwe ukungena

58
00:05:46,021 --> 00:05:49,695
egazini, kwiindawo ze-lymph, kwanobisi lwebele.

59
00:05:49,695 --> 00:05:58,773
Ngokungafaniyo neepartikheli ezikwiigonyo eziqhelekileyo,
iin nanopartikheli ze-lipid ezine-mRNA azihlali egazini.

60
00:05:58,773 --> 00:06:05,656
Endaweni yoko, zinokukwazi ukungena kwiseli nganye emzimbeni
wethu, kuquka namalungu abalulekileyo afana

61
00:06:05,656 --> 00:06:12,936
nentliziyo, ingqondo, isibindi, iinkwayi,
imiphunga, isiphuru, isisu, amaqanda namathanga.

62
00:06:12,936 --> 00:06:17,561
Iinano-partikheli ze-lipid zibangela
kakhulu ukudumba kwaye ziyityhefu.

63
00:06:17,561 --> 00:06:21,677
Ngoko ke, ukutofwa okuphindaphindiweyo
kwandisa umonakalo kwiseli zethu kwaye

64
00:06:21,677 --> 00:06:25,059
kunokukhokelela ekufeni kweeseli ngaphambi kwexesha.

65
00:06:25,059 --> 00:06:30,824
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu
nezixhaphakileyo ziquka i-myocarditis ne-pericarditis, oko

66
00:06:30,824 --> 00:06:35,290
kukuthi, ukudumba kwentliziyo, ingakumbi kubantu abaselula.

67
00:06:35,290 --> 00:06:41,032
Ukuvuvukala kunokwenzeka ukuba kubangelwe luhlaselo
lomzimba oluzihlaselayo kwiseli zentliziyo ezithathe

68
00:06:41,032 --> 00:06:45,839
amaqhekezana atyhilweyo kwaye zibonise iproteni yesipike .

69
00:06:45,839 --> 00:06:55,266
5. Uxelelwa ukuba "i-mRNA
ayinakudityaniswa kwi-DNA", kodwa oko akuyonyani.

70
00:06:55,266 --> 00:06:59,493
I-mRNA evela 'kugonyo' ingadityaniswa
kwi-DNA, njengoko ulandelelwano lwayo

71
00:06:59,493 --> 00:07:03,469
oluyinxenye lufunyenwe kwiiseli zegazi zezigulana.

72
00:07:03,469 --> 00:07:10,630
Izinto ezingcolisayo zeDNA ezifumaneka kwiijekhwezi ze-mRNA
zakwa-BioNTech/Pfizer zine-sequence yentsholongwane yeenkawu

73
00:07:10,630 --> 00:07:19,028
equka i-sequence yepromota yeSimian Virus 40 (SV40) , eyaziwa
ngokukhuthaza ukuthuthwa kweDNA kungena kwi-nucleus yeseli.

74
00:07:19,028 --> 00:07:26,034
Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba le DNA yangaphandle idityaniswe
kwi-genome seziseli zethu, nempembelelo engalindelekanga.

75
00:07:26,034 --> 00:07:32,553
Ukuba enye yezi ziganeko isenzeka kwiiseli ezizala
zendoda okanye zomfazi ezibandakanyekayo ekunyamenyiseni,

76
00:07:32,553 --> 00:07:36,698
iya kutshintsha kwakhona ijenom yomntu yezizukulwana.

77
00:07:36,698 --> 00:07:43,716
Naluphi na udityaniso lwejenom lwe-sequence evela
'kwisitofu sokugonya' kunokubangela ukuvela kwejini

78
00:07:43,716 --> 00:07:48,069
engengeyo kunye nolawulo lwejini olungaqhelekanga.

79
00:07:48,069 --> 00:07:53,270
Oku kokugqibela kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni
kwe-oncogenes okanye ekungasebenzi kwe-tumour

80
00:07:53,270 --> 00:07:57,366
suppressor genes , zombini ezi zinto zikhuthaza umhlaza.

81
00:07:57,366 --> 00:08:04,224
Olu tyesiso luyanyanzeliswa kukuncipha kwenkcaso yomzimba
okubonwa kubantu abaninzi "abagonyiweyo", nto leyo

82
00:08:04,224 --> 00:08:13,488
ethetha ukuba inkcaso yomzimba ayonelanga ekulweni
iiseli zomhlaza. Isiphumo sinokuba "umhlaza okhawulezayo".

83
00:08:13,488 --> 00:08:20,200
Bafowethu noodade, Iziphumo zophando lwenzululwazi ngeteknoloji
yesitofu sokugonya se-mRNA esisiseko sale ncwadana ziyafumaneka

84
00:08:20,200 --> 00:08:24,198
kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye zingafumaneka kwi-intanethi.

85
00:08:24,198 --> 00:08:29,076
Noko ke, abasemagunyeni abalawulayo kunye namajelo
eendaba aphambili abakulungelanga ukujongana nalo mba!

86
00:08:29,076 --> 00:08:34,408
Ngoko ke, sebenzisa abantu obaziyo uze usasaze
le lixa malunga netekhnoloji yesitofu

87
00:08:34,408 --> 00:08:37,341
sokugonya esisekelwe kwi-mRNA ngokubanzi kangangoko!