WEBVTT 00:00.179 --> 00:07.617 Ingaba abantu abagonyiweyo ngeteknoloji 'yesitofu sokugonya' se-mRNA zizidalwa ezitshintshiwe ngokwemfuza? 00:07.617 --> 00:11.843 Kutheni esi siqholo singena ubisi lwamabele? 00:11.843 --> 00:17.126 Kwaye kutheni ungcoliseko lwe-DNA kwezi zitofu zokugonya lunokukhokelela kwiintlobo ezintsha 00:17.126 --> 00:20.988 zomhlaza okanye kude kube ngumhlaza okhawulezayo? 00:20.988 --> 00:26.517 Hlalani nibukele nize nifumanise kwinkqubo elandelayo ukuba kutheni itekhnoloji 'yesitofu 00:26.517 --> 00:30.559 sokugonya' esisekelwe kwi-mRNA iyingozi ebantwini! 00:30.559 --> 00:36.455 Ngo-2019, ngexesha lobhubhane we-coronavirus, kwasetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe begonyo obutsha 00:36.455 --> 00:40.549 ebantwini okokuqala: ubuchwepheshe begonyo le-mRNA. 00:40.549 --> 00:46.835 Nangoko ke, oogqirha balumkisa ukuba le teknoloji intsha iza kusetyenziselwa ukwenza ulingo olukhulu kuluntu 00:46.835 --> 00:52.921 lonke, kungekho zifundo zenzululwazi zinzulu ezenziwe kwangaphambili ukuvavanya iziphumo zayo! 00:52.921 --> 00:57.867 Namhlanje, phantse kwiminyaka emine emva kokwaziswa kobu buchwepheshe begonyo, ngelishwa phantse zonke 00:57.867 --> 01:03.162 iintshabalalo malunga neziphumo zobu buchwepheshe obusekelwe kwi-mRNA ziye zaba yinyani. 01:03.162 --> 01:11.939 Ingcali yebhayoloji yemolekyuli uNjing. Gqr. Klaus Steger kunye noNjing. Gqr. Alexandra Henrion-Caude, ingcali kwicandelo le-RNA 01:11.939 --> 01:21.038 kunye ne-epigenetics , bafingqe iziphumo zophando lwamva nje malunga netekhnoloji yegonyo esekelwe kwi-mRNA kucamacamanzi. 01:21.038 --> 01:27.338 Isihloko sithi: Itekhnoloji 'yesitofu sokugonya' esisekelwe kwi-mRNA: Umdlalo uphelile! 01:27.338 --> 01:32.795 Phambi kokuba sikushwankathelele oku ngokufutshane, nazi iinkcazelo ezimbalwa zamagama. 01:32.795 --> 01:38.627 Isiqholo sokugonya i-coronavirus se-mRNA asisabizwa ngokuba sisiqholo sokugonya, kodwa sibizwa njengeteknoloji 01:38.627 --> 01:42.670 yesitofu sokugonya esekelwe kwi-modRNA esetyenziswa ebantwini. 01:42.670 --> 01:51.608 i-modRNA, kuba yi-mRNA eyenziweyo engenakuthelekiswa ne-mRNA yomntu esemzimbeni. 01:51.608 --> 01:55.265 Ngokutsho kwesazi nge-biology uNjingalwazi Gqr. Ulrike Kämmerer, isitofu sokuthintela 01:55.265 --> 01:58.534 i-coronavirus akufanelanga sibizwe njengesitofu sokuthintela. 01:58.534 --> 02:02.428 UGqr Kämmerer uthe oku kulandelayo kudliwanondlebe: 02:02.428 --> 02:06.425 "Asiyonto yokugonya ngokwendlela eqhelekileyo, kodwa luhlobo lwe-injiniyering yezofuzo." 02:06.425 --> 02:13.197 Ayisiyiyo nophengulelo lwemfuza, kuba akukho nto iphathwayo; endaweni yoko, yindlela yokwenziwa kweemfuza. 02:13.197 --> 02:21.168 Sisisetyenziso sobunjineli bemfuza, kwaye ngelixa isitofu sokwenyani sisebenzisa ukugonya ngentsholongwane ebulaliweyo 02:21.168 --> 02:28.531 okanye isakhiwo sayo, oko kukuthi iproteni yentsholongwane, mna ndinomlinganiselo ochaziweyo ongenakusasazeka 02:28.531 --> 02:36.063 emzimbeni kwaye ekugqibeleni udilikiswe, kushiyeke kuphela impendulo yokhuselo lomzimba, masithi. 02:36.063 --> 02:43.575 Kodwa ngoku ndinyanzela iiseli zomntu ukuba zenze okwezi bhaktheriya ekuboliseni, oko kukuthi, ukuba kuqala zivelise 02:43.575 --> 02:49.562 izitofu zokugonya ngokwenene ngaphandle kokwazi ukuba ziya kusebenza kangakanani na, zithathe ixesha 02:49.562 --> 02:57.080 elingakanani na, mhlawumbi ziya kuhlala ubomi bonke na, nokuba ziya kungena na kwi-nucleus yeseli. 02:57.080 --> 03:03.575 Oku kuthetha ukuba wonke umntu ofumana ezi jovo, kuquka neentshotyolo zexesha elizayo, ekuqaleni uya kuba 03:03.575 --> 03:07.473 sisidalwa esilungisiweyo ngokwemfuza ngokunyanzeliswa. 03:07.473 --> 03:11.163 Ngezantsi kukho isishwankathelo esifutshane seziphumo zezifundo. 03:11.163 --> 03:16.913 Itekhnoloji ye-mRNA, ekwimo yeentlawulo, inokukhokelela koku kulandelayo ebantwini: 03:16.913 --> 03:23.982 Ukurhawuzelela okungapheliyo kwisitho ngasinye somzimba, umz. ukurhawuzelela kwenyama yentliziyo kunye nepericardium. 03:23.982 --> 03:28.280 I-modRNA ingadityaniswa kwi-DNA yeeseli zomntu. 03:28.280 --> 03:35.123 Ukuba oku kwenzeka kwiiseli zembewu zesilisa okanye zesifazane, ijenom yezizukulwana ezizayo iya kutshintshwa. 03:35.123 --> 03:41.772 Itekhnoloji yesitofu sokugonya se-modRNA okanye ukufakwa kwe-modRNA kwiiseli zomzimba ngokwazo kunokukhokelela 03:41.772 --> 03:49.240 kwiintlobo ezintsha zomhlaza kwaye, kubantu esele benomhlaza, kukhokelele kumhlaza okhawulezayo kakhulu! 03:49.240 --> 03:55.154 I-Kla.TV isishwankathelele iingongoma ezimbalwa ezisuka kule ncwadana yaza yazivelisa apha ngokufinyeziweyo. 03:55.154 --> 04:02.079 Iphepha elipheleleyo liyafumaneka ngaphantsi kwenkqubo ngesiJamani nesiNgesi kwibhokisi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. 04:02.079 --> 04:09.636 1. Uxelelwa, "Yisitofu sokugonya," kodwa oko akuyonyani. 04:09.636 --> 04:15.336 Asiyiyo "isitofu sokugonya" kuba iyahlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zemveliso eyenziwe ngokwenjiniyeringi yemfuza. 04:15.336 --> 04:22.140 Iqulathe i-mRNA eguquliweyo, i-modRNA, eveliswe ngokwenziwa, epakishwe kwiinqwelo-mthwalo ezincinci 04:22.140 --> 04:27.735 kakhulu ze-lipid ezithutha i-modRNA zizise kwiiseli zethu. 04:27.735 --> 04:35.176 2. Uxelelwa, "Yi-mRNA," kodwa oko akuyonyani. 04:35.176 --> 04:41.574 Asiyiyo i-mRNA, kodwa yi-mRNA eguquliweyo, i-modRNA. 04:41.574 --> 04:49.770 Nangona le modRNA iveliswe ngobuchwepheshe ifana ne-mRNA yendalo, iimpawu zayo zahluke ngokupheleleyo: 04:49.770 --> 04:55.705 Ngokungafaniyo ne-mRNA yendalo, eyonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza, i-modRNA evela 'kwiigonyo' zeCovid-19 04:55.705 --> 05:02.387 ifunyenwe egazini kangangeentsuku ezingama-28 nakumalungu omzimba kangangeeveki ezisibhozo. 05:02.387 --> 05:10.278 Kuye kwangqineka ukuba iproteni yesipike, eyenziwa yi-mRNA efakwe ngokugonywa, ijikeleza egazini kangangeenyanga ezintandathu. 05:10.278 --> 05:14.649 I-DNA ikwakhona kwi-vaccines, nto leyo engalindelekanga kwaphela. 05:14.649 --> 05:21.048 Kufunyenwe izixhobo ezininzi zeDNA ezingcolisayo kwiibhetshi zezitofu zokugonya, iziphumo zazo 05:21.048 --> 05:26.247 ezixhalabisayo ngokwengcaciso yethu yenzululwazi yangoku. 05:26.247 --> 05:32.993 Zinokubangela ukulawulwa kwejini okuguqukileyo kwaye zibe yingozi yokudityaniswa kwi-genome yethu . 05:32.993 --> 05:41.427 3. Uxelelwa: "Isitofu sahlala kwisihlunu sakho," kodwa oko akuyonyani. 05:41.427 --> 05:46.021 "I-vaccine" ibingazange yenzelwe ukuhlala kwisihlunu, kodwa yayenzelwe ukungena 05:46.021 --> 05:49.695 egazini, kwiindawo ze-lymph, kwanobisi lwebele. 05:49.695 --> 05:58.773 Ngokungafaniyo neepartikheli ezikwiigonyo eziqhelekileyo, iin nanopartikheli ze-lipid ezine-mRNA azihlali egazini. 05:58.773 --> 06:05.656 Endaweni yoko, zinokukwazi ukungena kwiseli nganye emzimbeni wethu, kuquka namalungu abalulekileyo afana 06:05.656 --> 06:12.936 nentliziyo, ingqondo, isibindi, iinkwayi, imiphunga, isiphuru, isisu, amaqanda namathanga. 06:12.936 --> 06:17.561 Iinano-partikheli ze-lipid zibangela kakhulu ukudumba kwaye ziyityhefu. 06:17.561 --> 06:21.677 Ngoko ke, ukutofwa okuphindaphindiweyo kwandisa umonakalo kwiseli zethu kwaye 06:21.677 --> 06:25.059 kunokukhokelela ekufeni kweeseli ngaphambi kwexesha. 06:25.059 --> 06:30.824 Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu nezixhaphakileyo ziquka i-myocarditis ne-pericarditis, oko 06:30.824 --> 06:35.290 kukuthi, ukudumba kwentliziyo, ingakumbi kubantu abaselula. 06:35.290 --> 06:41.032 Ukuvuvukala kunokwenzeka ukuba kubangelwe luhlaselo lomzimba oluzihlaselayo kwiseli zentliziyo ezithathe 06:41.032 --> 06:45.839 amaqhekezana atyhilweyo kwaye zibonise iproteni yesipike . 06:45.839 --> 06:55.266 5. Uxelelwa ukuba "i-mRNA ayinakudityaniswa kwi-DNA", kodwa oko akuyonyani. 06:55.266 --> 06:59.493 I-mRNA evela 'kugonyo' ingadityaniswa kwi-DNA, njengoko ulandelelwano lwayo 06:59.493 --> 07:03.469 oluyinxenye lufunyenwe kwiiseli zegazi zezigulana. 07:03.469 --> 07:10.630 Izinto ezingcolisayo zeDNA ezifumaneka kwiijekhwezi ze-mRNA zakwa-BioNTech/Pfizer zine-sequence yentsholongwane yeenkawu 07:10.630 --> 07:19.028 equka i-sequence yepromota yeSimian Virus 40 (SV40) , eyaziwa ngokukhuthaza ukuthuthwa kweDNA kungena kwi-nucleus yeseli. 07:19.028 --> 07:26.034 Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba le DNA yangaphandle idityaniswe kwi-genome seziseli zethu, nempembelelo engalindelekanga. 07:26.034 --> 07:32.553 Ukuba enye yezi ziganeko isenzeka kwiiseli ezizala zendoda okanye zomfazi ezibandakanyekayo ekunyamenyiseni, 07:32.553 --> 07:36.698 iya kutshintsha kwakhona ijenom yomntu yezizukulwana. 07:36.698 --> 07:43.716 Naluphi na udityaniso lwejenom lwe-sequence evela 'kwisitofu sokugonya' kunokubangela ukuvela kwejini 07:43.716 --> 07:48.069 engengeyo kunye nolawulo lwejini olungaqhelekanga. 07:48.069 --> 07:53.270 Oku kokugqibela kunokukhokelela ekusebenzeni kwe-oncogenes okanye ekungasebenzi kwe-tumour 07:53.270 --> 07:57.366 suppressor genes , zombini ezi zinto zikhuthaza umhlaza. 07:57.366 --> 08:04.224 Olu tyesiso luyanyanzeliswa kukuncipha kwenkcaso yomzimba okubonwa kubantu abaninzi "abagonyiweyo", nto leyo 08:04.224 --> 08:13.488 ethetha ukuba inkcaso yomzimba ayonelanga ekulweni iiseli zomhlaza. Isiphumo sinokuba "umhlaza okhawulezayo". 08:13.488 --> 08:20.200 Bafowethu noodade, Iziphumo zophando lwenzululwazi ngeteknoloji yesitofu sokugonya se-mRNA esisiseko sale ncwadana ziyafumaneka 08:20.200 --> 08:24.198 kwihlabathi jikelele kwaye zingafumaneka kwi-intanethi. 08:24.198 --> 08:29.076 Noko ke, abasemagunyeni abalawulayo kunye namajelo eendaba aphambili abakulungelanga ukujongana nalo mba! 08:29.076 --> 08:34.408 Ngoko ke, sebenzisa abantu obaziyo uze usasaze le lixa malunga netekhnoloji yesitofu 08:34.408 --> 08:37.341 sokugonya esisekelwe kwi-mRNA ngokubanzi kangangoko!