1
00:00:00,134 --> 00:00:08,432
"Matsatsi a mararo ka mor'a ho fumana ente ea ka ea boraro ea
coronavirus ka la 17 Pherekhong 2022, ke ile ka akheha, 'me ha

2
00:00:08,432 --> 00:00:17,475
ke tsoha, ke ne ke ferekane ka ho feletseng 'me maoto a ka a ne
a se a sa khone ho nteka. Ke ne ke se ke sa khone ho tsamaea."

3
00:00:17,475 --> 00:00:25,272
"Ho batho ba entetsoeng, protheine ea spike le ho ruruha li ile
tsa fumanoa lithong tse ngata libeke esita le

4
00:00:25,272 --> 00:00:33,364
likhoeli ka mor'a liente, e leng se neng se
amahanngoa le mafu a tebileng 'me hangata a bolaeang.

5
00:00:33,364 --> 00:00:43,071
Empa tlhahiso ena e tsitsitseng e sa lebelloang ea
protheine e khoutiloeng ke mRNA e ka hlalosoa joang?

6
00:00:43,071 --> 00:00:50,491
Qetellong ea 2023, Kla.TV e phatlalalitse lengolo le
potlakileng la Prof. Dr. Sucharit Bhakdi mabapi le

7
00:00:50,491 --> 00:00:54,729
"likotsi tse sa feleng tsa liente tsa RNA" ka lipuo tse 'maloa.

8
00:00:54,729 --> 00:00:55,806


9
00:00:55,806 --> 00:01:02,638
Hona joale, qetellong ea Hlakubele 2024, Prof. Dr. Sucharit
Bhakdi, Prof. Karina Reiss le Dr. Michael Palmer ba

10
00:01:02,638 --> 00:01:10,104
phatlalalitse sengoloa seo liphuputso tse ncha li
tiisang litemoso tsohle tse neng li entsoe ka nako eo.

11
00:01:10,104 --> 00:01:15,478
Ba hlalosa ka nepo ea saense, empa ka mokhoa o utloahalang ho
batho ba tloaelehileng, hore na ke hobane'ng ha liente tse

12
00:01:15,478 --> 00:01:19,357
bitsoang tsa mRNA e le tsa bomenemene ebile li le kotsi haholo.

13
00:01:19,357 --> 00:01:24,461
Sengolwa sena se batlisisitsweng ka botlalo
se loketse ho arolelanwa le mang kapa

14
00:01:24,461 --> 00:01:28,197
mang ya esong ho batlisise taba ena ka botebo.

15
00:01:28,197 --> 00:01:32,724
E ka fumaneha e le faele ea PDF
tlas'a lenaneo lena bakeng sa ho hatisoa.

16
00:01:32,724 --> 00:01:37,865
Ka tlase, Moprofesa Bhakdi o o
balela sengolwa ka lentswe le phahameng.

17
00:01:37,865 --> 00:01:44,162
Tšusumetso e matla eo maemo a hlalositsoeng ke
Moprofesa Bhakdi a ka bang le eona ho ba seng ba

18
00:01:44,162 --> 00:01:47,615
ameha e bontšitsoe tlalehong e latelang ea Lara.

19
00:01:47,615 --> 00:01:53,301
Ke e mong oa bahlaseluoa ba se nang palo ba ente ea coronavirus
mme o pheta pale ea hae ea masoabi kopanong ea

20
00:01:53,301 --> 00:02:00,849
boralitaba ea MWGFD e nang le sehlooho se reng "Entetsoe, a
utloa bohloko, a haneloa... mme joale ho tla eng?" Prof.

21
00:02:04,268 --> 00:02:13,410
Batho ba ratehang. Lelapa le ratehang la batho, ke na le
ntho e bohlokoa haholo-holo eo ke batlang ho le bolella eona.

22
00:02:13,410 --> 00:02:21,539
E mabapi le tshibollo ya moraorao ya DNA ka hara mekento.

23
00:02:21,539 --> 00:02:30,580
Lebaka leo ka lona liente tsa RNA e leng tsa
bomenemene le kotsi haholo, joale ke taba e tšohloang.

24
00:02:30,580 --> 00:02:35,712
Likhromoso ke libuka tsa bophelo, tse
nang le litaelo tse ngotsoeng ka DNA bakeng

25
00:02:35,712 --> 00:02:38,860
sa tlhahiso ea limolek'hule tsa protheine.

26
00:02:38,860 --> 00:02:46,095
Ha ho hlokahala, buka e amehang e buloa
'me ho etsoa kopi ea risepe e batloang.

27
00:02:46,095 --> 00:02:50,009
Kopi ena ke mRNA.

28
00:02:50,009 --> 00:02:55,858
E laola tlhahiso ea protheine ebe e lahloa.

29
00:02:55,858 --> 00:03:05,267
Liente tsa RNA li tšoana le likopi tsena tsa nakoana tsa
litaelo tsa li-chromosome; empa ho fapana le tsona, li baka

30
00:03:05,267 --> 00:03:10,841
tlhahiso ea liprotheine tse sa lokelang ho ba 'meleng ea rona.

31
00:03:10,841 --> 00:03:21,662
Ho e-na le hoo, li baka ho thehoa ha li-antigen tse sa
tloaelehang, joalo ka protheine ea spike ea SARS-CoV-2.

32
00:03:21,662 --> 00:03:30,371
Enjeksheni e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea mofuta ona oa ente e
fana ka likopi tse fetang bilione (limolek'hule tsa mRNA).

33
00:03:30,371 --> 00:03:39,220
Tlhahiso e kholo ea ente ea mRNA e hloka
hore risepe ea DNA e fumanehe ka bongata.

34
00:03:39,220 --> 00:03:41,439
Sena se ka fihlellwa jwang?

35
00:03:41,439 --> 00:03:47,162
Mokhoa o sebelisitsoeng ho rarolla bothata bona ke
motheo oa bohlokoa oa boenjiniere ba liphatsa tsa lefutso.

36
00:03:47,162 --> 00:03:54,197
Likopi tse libilione le litrillione tsa
diresepe tsa DNA li tsoa ho libaktheria.

37
00:03:54,197 --> 00:04:01,605
Liresipi li fumaneha ka har'a li-chromosome tse
nyenyane tsa baktheria tse bitsoang li-plasmid.

38
00:04:01,605 --> 00:04:07,636
Lisele tsa baktheria li ka arohana kamora metsotso
e 20 e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe, ho bolelang hore palo ea

39
00:04:07,636 --> 00:04:10,940
lisele e imena ka robeli hora e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe.

40
00:04:10,940 --> 00:04:18,144
Ka tsela ena, libaktheria tse se nang palo li ka kotuloa ho tsoa
mokelikeling oa khōlo ka matsatsi a seng makae feela,

41
00:04:18,144 --> 00:04:25,215
'me sele e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea baktheria e tla ba
le likopi tse ngata tsa plasmid eo ho buuoang ka eona.

42
00:04:25,215 --> 00:04:27,988
Li-plasmid li bonolo ho sebetswa.

43
00:04:27,988 --> 00:04:35,860
Ho ka kenngwa diresepe tsa kantle, ke hore, dijini tse
fanang ka litaelo tsa ho etsa diprotheine tsa vaerase, mohlala.

44
00:04:35,860 --> 00:04:41,524
Kamora ho ata ha libaktheria, li-plasmid
lia bokellwa ebe li sebediswa e le

45
00:04:41,524 --> 00:04:47,639
ditempeleite bakeng sa tlhahiso ya dikopi tsa mRNA.

46
00:04:47,639 --> 00:04:52,606
Qetellong, li-molecule tsa RNA li phutheloa
ka har'a likotoana tse nyenyane haholo tsa

47
00:04:52,606 --> 00:04:56,007
mafura tse bitsoang li-lipid nanoparticle (LNPs).

48
00:04:56,007 --> 00:05:04,729
Dikarolo tsa sehlooho tsa LNP di etswa ka
maiketsetso mme di tsejwa hore di na le chefo ka botsona.

49
00:05:04,729 --> 00:05:12,659
Ho feta moo, metsoako e khethehileng ea mafura e sebelisoang ke
Pfizer/BioNTech le Moderna e ne e e-s'o lekoa le

50
00:05:12,659 --> 00:05:20,413
ho batho pele liente tsa mRNA tse tsoang ho
bahlahisi bana ka bobeli li fumana tumello ea tšohanyetso.

51
00:05:20,413 --> 00:05:26,674
Sena se baka kotsi ea bophelo e ke keng
ea latoloa ebile e sa hlokahale ho hang.

52
00:05:26,674 --> 00:05:38,531
Ho phuthelwa ha RNA ka LNP ho e sireletsa tshenyong,
ho etsa hore e fihle makgwafing ohle a mmele ka madi.

53
00:05:38,531 --> 00:05:44,520
Mona, di-LNP di sebetsa jwaloka dipere tsa Trojan.

54
00:05:44,520 --> 00:05:49,040
Li monngoa ke lisele 'me mRNA ea lokolloa.

55
00:05:49,040 --> 00:05:52,457
Sena se latelwa ke tlhahiso ya protheine ya spike.

56
00:05:52,457 --> 00:05:58,496
Sena se qetella se qholotsa karabelo ea 'mele ea ho
itšireletsa, ho kenyeletsa le ho thehoa ha masole a 'mele a

57
00:05:58,496 --> 00:06:03,180
ikhethileng a etselitsoeng ho re sireletsa mafung a kamoso.

58
00:06:03,180 --> 00:06:09,954
Leha ho le jwalo, sesole sa mmele se a tseba mme se timetse
disele tsa mmele tse hlahisang diprotheine tse sa tlwaelehang.

59
00:06:09,954 --> 00:06:15,467
Ka tlhaho, sena se etsahala ha lisele
tsa rona li tšoaetsoa ke livaerase.

60
00:06:15,467 --> 00:06:22,171
Bokgoni bona ba ho lemoha diprotheine tsa kantle ho
mmele e le tse jwalo bo se bo le teng ho tloha tshwetsong.

61
00:06:22,171 --> 00:06:29,736
E re sireletsa bophelo bohle ba rona, kaha lisele tse
tšoaelitsoeng ke vaerase li felisoa ka katleho ka tsela ena.

62
00:06:29,736 --> 00:06:31,900
Ha e ka hatellwa.

63
00:06:31,900 --> 00:06:38,221
Ka hona, ha mRNA e fanang ka tlhahiso ea protheine
e sa tloaelehang e kenngoa ka har'a sele, sele

64
00:06:38,221 --> 00:06:41,803
eo e hlaseloa ke sesole sa 'mele sa ho itšireletsa.

65
00:06:41,803 --> 00:06:48,040
Ho hana ha litho tse
hlomathisitsoeng ho bontša ntlha ena ea motheo.

66
00:06:48,040 --> 00:06:52,145
Ha o ka fumana phio ya ka, o tla e hana.

67
00:06:52,145 --> 00:06:56,507
O fumana philo ea ka ea bobeli, 'me ho hana ho
hona ho hlahlamang ho latela, feela lekhetlong

68
00:06:56,507 --> 00:06:59,508
lena ka potlako le ka bohale bo boholoanyane.

69
00:06:59,508 --> 00:07:09,685
Melao-motheo e tšoanang e baka litlamorao tse kotsi tse ntseng
li eketseha ka ho tsoelang pele tsa liente tse pheta-phetoang.

70
00:07:09,685 --> 00:07:19,740
Palo ea likopi tsa RNA tse phuthetsoeng ka har'a
LNP tse fanoang ka ente ka 'ngoe e khōlō haholo.

71
00:07:19,740 --> 00:07:25,562
Liselese tse ngata-ngata 'meleng kaofela li tla
hlaselwa ke tsamaiso ya rona ya mmele ya ho itwanela mafu.

72
00:07:25,562 --> 00:07:34,718
Tlhaselo ena e ka emisoa feela ha tlhahiso
ea protheine e tsoang kantle e se e emile.

73
00:07:34,718 --> 00:07:37,632
Empa sena se tla nka nako e kae?

74
00:07:37,632 --> 00:07:45,566
Ke matsatsi a seng makae feela, jwalo ka ha bahlahisi ba
ente le balaodi ba ts'ebetso ba ntse ba re tiisetsa kgafetsa?

75
00:07:45,566 --> 00:07:54,781
Lilemong tse peli tse fetileng, ho entsoe
litemoso tse tšosang tse sa lumellaneng le polelo ena.

76
00:07:54,781 --> 00:08:02,689
Ho batho ba entetsoeng, protheine ea spike le ho ruruha li ile
tsa fumanoa lithong tse ngata libeke esita le

77
00:08:02,689 --> 00:08:10,649
likhoeli kamora liente , e leng se neng se
amahanngoa le mafu a tebileng 'me hangata a bolaeang.

78
00:08:10,649 --> 00:08:19,700
Empa tlhahiso ena e tsitsitseng e sa lebelloang ea
protheine e laetsoeng ke mRNA e ka hlalosoa joang?

79
00:08:19,700 --> 00:08:30,383
Karabo e utlwahalang empa e tshosang e fannwe ke
tsebo e fumanweng ke McKernan le basebetsimmoho le

80
00:08:30,383 --> 00:08:36,372
yena, eo ba e phatlaladitseng selemo se fetileng.

81
00:08:36,372 --> 00:08:45,762
Re ne re se re buisane hore mRNA e etswa ho tswa ho
ditempeleite tsa DNA tsa plasmid nakong ya tlhahiso ya ente.

82
00:08:45,762 --> 00:08:54,214
Pele mRNA e phuthelwa ka hara LNP,
DNA ena e tlameha ho tloswa pele.

83
00:08:54,214 --> 00:09:03,558
Ho seng jwalo, DNA ya plasmid e ka
kwalellwa ka hara marophi a mafura mmoho le RNA.

84
00:09:03,558 --> 00:09:14,880
McKernan o ile a fumana hore mohato ona oa bohlokoa
oa ho tlosa DNA ea plasmid o ne o sa etsoa ka hloko.

85
00:09:14,880 --> 00:09:24,894
Ho fumanoe litekanyo tse feteletseng tsa DNA ea
plasmid mefuteng e mengata ea liente tsa Pfizer le Moderna.

86
00:09:27,086 --> 00:09:34,145
Diphuputso tsa Kevin McKernan di ile tsa
nyenyefatswa ke bongata ba batho ba tlwaelehileng.

87
00:09:34,145 --> 00:09:43,953
Balaodi ba taolo ba boletse hore baetsi ba ne ba ba tsebiseditse
ka boteng ba DNA, empa seo ha se a ba thibela ho

88
00:09:43,953 --> 00:09:52,920
fana ka tumello, kaha dipalo tse tlalehilweng
di ne di le ka tlase ho meedi e behilweng ke WHO.

89
00:09:52,920 --> 00:09:55,941
Empa meedi ena e tswa kae?

90
00:09:55,941 --> 00:10:02,187
Setsi sa Meriana sa Europe (EMA) se ne se
behile moedi oa li-nanogram tse 10 tsa DNA

91
00:10:02,187 --> 00:10:06,135
bakeng sa tekanyo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea ente.

92
00:10:06,135 --> 00:10:13,127
O ile a bua ka tlaleho ya WHO ya 1998.

93
00:10:13,127 --> 00:10:22,625
Tlaleho ena ea botekgeniki e bolela: "Ho latela tsebo ea
hajoale, DNA e tsoang meleng e tsoelang pele ea lisele ho fihla

94
00:10:22,625 --> 00:10:27,936
ho 10ng ka tekanyo e hloekisitsoeng e ka nkoa e amoheleha."

95
00:10:27,936 --> 00:10:35,203
Moedi o motjha o kaholimo ha o sebetse dihlahisweng
tse tswang diseleng tsa dikokwanahloko, mefuteng ya

96
00:10:35,203 --> 00:10:42,061
disele tsa diploid kapa dikotlasong tsa disele tsa mantlha.

97
00:10:42,061 --> 00:10:47,704
Re bona hore tlaleho ea WHO e khetholla mefuta e 'meli ea DNA.

98
00:10:47,704 --> 00:10:55,760
E 'ngoe e nkoa e le kotsi ho feta e 'ngoe, 'me ka hona
bongata ba tsona bo lekanyelitsoe ho boleng bo boletsoeng.

99
00:10:55,760 --> 00:11:02,983
Empa DNA ea plasmid e fumanehang ka har'a
liente tsa mRNA e oela sehlopheng sefe ho tse peli

100
00:11:02,983 --> 00:11:08,079
– ho se kotsi haholo kapa ho se kotsi hanyane?

101
00:11:08,079 --> 00:11:17,231
Ha e le hantle ha e oele sehlopheng sefe kapa sefe, hobane
tataiso ea WHO e nka ka potlako hore DNA efe kapa efe e

102
00:11:17,231 --> 00:11:25,154
fumanehang ka har'a moriana kapa ente ha se letho
haese: DNA e "hlobotseng", eo ho monngoa ha eona liseleng

103
00:11:25,154 --> 00:11:29,880
tsa 'mele oa rona ho tla ba le katleho e tlase haholo.

104
00:11:29,880 --> 00:11:42,794
Leha ho le joalo, ka lehlakoreng le leng, DNA e silafatsang e
ka har'a liente e tla be e phuthetsoe ka LNP, joalo ka mRNA.

105
00:11:42,794 --> 00:11:49,960
Phuthelo ena e etsa hore DNA e monngoe ke
lisele tsa 'mele oa rona ka katleho e kholo haholo .

106
00:11:49,960 --> 00:11:57,697
Ka hona, ho ka be ho bile bohlokoa ho khetha moedi o
"sireletsehileng" bakeng sa DNA e koahetsoeng ka LNP

107
00:11:57,697 --> 00:12:01,510
ho sebelisoa liteko tse ncha, tse reretsoeng ka hloko.

108
00:12:01,510 --> 00:12:07,479
Empa ha re nke hore moedi o behilweng ke EMA o a amoheleha.

109
00:12:07,479 --> 00:12:10,860
Sena se re isa kae?

110
00:12:10,860 --> 00:12:18,269
Tlalehong ea eona e boletsoeng ka holimo , EMA e bolela hore
lisampole tsohle tsa ente tseo e li fumaneng

111
00:12:18,269 --> 00:12:25,175
ho tsoa ho Pfizer/BioNTech pele ho tumello
li ne li latela moeli oa EMA oa DNA e setseng.

112
00:12:25,175 --> 00:12:33,154
Leha ho le jwalo, ho hlakile hore EMA ha e a ka ya netefatsa taolo
e tswelang pele ya boleng kamora tumello, mme hoo ho sebetsa

113
00:12:33,154 --> 00:12:37,995
le ho balaodi bo bong bohle ba molao lefatsheng ka bophara.

114
00:12:37,995 --> 00:12:46,912
Sena se ka fihleloa qeto ho latela liphuputso tsa Kevin
McKernan, tse bontšang hore palo ea DNA meqolong eohle ea ente

115
00:12:46,912 --> 00:12:53,021
e ileng ea hlahlojoa e feta moeli o behiloeng ke WHO le EMA.

116
00:12:54,556 --> 00:13:04,728
Sena se re isa temohisisong e makatsang le e tšosang ea hore
liente tsena tse kotsi li entsoe ntle le taolo efe kapa efe, le

117
00:13:04,728 --> 00:13:11,865
hore batho ba likete-kete tse makholo ba
kentsoe ka meqolo ea liente e neng e tlōtse ka

118
00:13:11,865 --> 00:13:16,388
mokhoa o feteletseng lipehelo tsa tumello.

119
00:13:16,388 --> 00:13:25,878
Hona joale ho thibetsoe ho enta moriana o sa
lumellaneng le litaelo tse behiloeng tumellong ea papatso.

120
00:13:25,878 --> 00:13:33,085
Ka hona, ho tswela pele ho enta ka meento
ena ha se letho haese ketso ya botlokotsebe.

121
00:13:33,085 --> 00:13:42,038
Ke kamoo mebuso ya rona e leng hole kateng ka ho
hloka tsebo ho hlonameng, hoo e entseng sena ho

122
00:13:42,038 --> 00:13:47,488
baahi ba yona mme e ntse e tswela pele ho etsa jwalo.

123
00:13:47,488 --> 00:13:54,237
Tlhokomeliso: Ba boholong ba loketseng linaheng tsa
Bophirimela ba hanne ka mafolofolo ho etsa

124
00:13:54,237 --> 00:13:59,444
lipatlisiso hore na sehlopha sa McKernan se ka be se nepile.

125
00:13:59,444 --> 00:14:06,715
Ho e-na le hoo, baa pina ka lentsoe le
le leng: DNA e ke ke ea fihla liseleng.

126
00:14:06,715 --> 00:14:14,166
Mme haeba ho jwalo, e tla hlephwa le ho senngwa kapele teng.

127
00:14:14,166 --> 00:14:24,437
Ho feta moo, khubu ea sele e arotsoe ho ts'ila ea sele ke
lera le sa penyeheng, e le hore DNA e tsoang kantle e ke ke

128
00:14:24,437 --> 00:14:31,336
ea kena ka hare ho khubu ho ea etsa mosebetsi oa eona moo.

129
00:14:31,336 --> 00:14:41,420
Ntho e le 'ngoe feela e ntle ka pale ena e tšosang ke
hore ba boholong ba ikarabellang joale ba se ba ipontšitse.

130
00:14:41,420 --> 00:14:47,567
Ba qethetsoe ke mekhoa, 'me sena se bonahala ho bohle.

131
00:14:47,567 --> 00:14:56,818
Ho hlakile hore mekhatlo ea naha e sebelisana
'moho le baetsi ba tlōlo ena e tšabehang ea molao.

132
00:14:56,818 --> 00:15:06,260
Liphetho tsa McKernan li tlameha ho tšosa mang kapa
mang ea nang le tsebo e nyenyane feela ea baeloji.

133
00:15:06,260 --> 00:15:14,740
Ho hlakile hore DNA ea plasmid e koahetsoeng ka LNP e
tla kena ka har'a lisele tsa rona ka katleho e kholo.

134
00:15:14,740 --> 00:15:22,402
Lera la nyutlelie ha le kgone ho sireletsa dikromosomo ka ho sa
feleng; le qhibidiha nakong ya karohano e nngwe le e nngwe

135
00:15:22,402 --> 00:15:30,600
ya sele, mme DNA e sa tlwaelehang e ntan'o kenyelletswa ka
hara dinyutlelie tse sa tswa thehwa tsa disele tse ngwana.

136
00:15:30,600 --> 00:15:40,685
Ho nkoa hona feela ho lekane ho qala tlhahiso ea nako e
telele ea liprotheine tse khoutiloeng – ha ho hlokahale hore li

137
00:15:40,685 --> 00:15:46,528
kopanngoe le DNA ea li-chromosome tsa rona bakeng sa sena .

138
00:15:46,528 --> 00:15:54,920
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, haeba kopanyo e jwalo e
ka etsahala, e baka dikotsi tse eketsehileng.

139
00:15:54,920 --> 00:16:02,620
Diphuputso tsa McKernan ho tloha ka nako eo di netefaditswe
ke dilaboratori tse ding naheng ya United States le Canada.

140
00:16:02,620 --> 00:16:09,185
Jwale re tlaleha ka diteko tse ding tse tswelang pele
tse entsweng ke sehlopha sa bafuputsi ba nang le

141
00:16:09,185 --> 00:16:14,675
boiphihlelo ba Jeremane hodima dihlopha tsa ente ya BioNTech.

142
00:16:16,863 --> 00:16:23,159
Sephetho sa pele: Jwaloka pele, ho ile ha
fumanwa bokae bo boholo ba DNA ya baktheria

143
00:16:23,159 --> 00:16:27,250
mehleng yohle e tsheletseng e hlahlobilweng.

144
00:16:27,250 --> 00:16:35,700
Dikarolo tsohle tsa lefutso tseo McKernan a neng a di
fumane pele ho plasmid, di boetse di tsebahaditswe mona.

145
00:16:35,700 --> 00:16:44,515
Sena se sebetsa hape le ho se bitswang SV40
promoter, karolo e ikgethang haholo eo ho neng ho

146
00:16:44,515 --> 00:16:50,098
patilwe boteng ba yona ho setjhaba le ho balaodi.

147
00:16:50,098 --> 00:16:59,662
Lebaka leo ka lona Pfizer le BioNTech ba kenyeletsitseng SV40
promoter ka har'a plasmid ea bona ke potso e khahlang haholo.

148
00:16:59,662 --> 00:17:07,985
Karolo ena ha e hlokahale bakeng sa tlhahiso ea
spike mRNA, 'me ha e so be teng ho plasmid e

149
00:17:07,985 --> 00:17:13,297
sebelisoang ke Moderna bakeng sa tlhahiso ea ente.

150
00:17:13,297 --> 00:17:22,055
Leha ho le jwalo, 'promoter' ya SV40 e na le bokgoni bo makatsang
ba ho iphasisetsa le ho kenya di-'sequence' tsa DNA

151
00:17:22,055 --> 00:17:31,320
tse e mametseng ka hara 'membrane' e sa senyehang ya
'nucleus', esita le liseleng tse sa arohaneng ka nako eo.

152
00:17:31,320 --> 00:17:38,031
Re o tlohella hore o nahane hore na seo se bolela'ng.

153
00:17:38,031 --> 00:17:46,533
Potso e latelang ke: Na DNA ea plasmid e ka kena ka
har'a lisele tsa batho 'me ea lula moo nako e telele?

154
00:17:46,533 --> 00:17:49,502
Karabo ke ee!

155
00:17:49,502 --> 00:17:57,072
Sehlopha sa bafuputsi se fumane hore kamohelo ea DNA e etsahala
ka potlako, le hore e lula liseleng ka

156
00:17:57,072 --> 00:18:05,024
matsatsi a mangata ka mor'a moo, e ntse e ka
lemohuoa le ka mor'a potoloho ea karohano ea lisele.

157
00:18:05,024 --> 00:18:12,486
Ka hona, qoso ea hore DNA e koenwang e senyeha
kapele ke leshano le feletseng – e fana ka

158
00:18:12,486 --> 00:18:18,138
tlhahisoleseding e kotsi ya bongaka e fosahetseng.

159
00:18:20,636 --> 00:18:27,715
Hona joale ho na le mehlala e mengata ea DNA e
tsoang kantle e kentsoeng bukeng ea bophelo, ka har'a

160
00:18:27,715 --> 00:18:32,386
li-chromosome tsa lisele le liphoofolo tsa laboratori.

161
00:18:32,386 --> 00:18:36,600
Litlamorao tse ka bang teng li ngata ebile ha li lebelloe.

162
00:18:36,600 --> 00:18:46,293
Tšitiso tšebetsong e hlophisitsoeng ka hloko e
laolang karohano le kholo ea lisele e ka baka mofetše.

163
00:18:46,293 --> 00:18:53,650
Liphetoho ho li-gene tse sebetsang e le karolo ea tsamaiso ea
boitšireletso ba 'mele li ka baka hore e se sebetse hantle.

164
00:18:53,650 --> 00:19:03,420
Tšitiso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso liseleng tsa boko e ka
baka lefu lefe kapa lefe la methapo la boko le ka nahanoang.

165
00:19:03,420 --> 00:19:12,104
Haeba DNA e tsoang kantle e kena ka har'a li-chromosome
tsa peo ea botona kapa mahe a nonneng, litšobotsi tse

166
00:19:12,104 --> 00:19:18,340
fetotsoeng tse hlahang li tla fetisetsoa melokong e tlang.

167
00:19:18,340 --> 00:19:21,798
Sena se re tlisa potsolosong ya rona ya ho qetela:

168
00:19:24,732 --> 00:19:35,400
Na re lokela ho tshwenyeha hore DNA ya baktheria e tswang mekenong
e ka kenyelletswa le yona ka hara dikromosomo tsa batho?

169
00:19:35,400 --> 00:19:44,929
Ho hlakisa potso ena, sehlopha sa Majeremane se ile sa romela
mehlala ea lisele tsa sona e phekiloeng ka ente ho Kevin, se

170
00:19:44,929 --> 00:19:50,849
kopa hore ho etsoe tatellano e feletseng ea DNA ea lisele tseo.

171
00:19:50,849 --> 00:19:56,254
Liphetho li ka bonoa ho Substack ea Kevin .

172
00:19:56,254 --> 00:20:00,620
Karabo hape ke: ee!

173
00:20:00,620 --> 00:20:11,267
Hona joale, ho lemoha DNA ea baktheria ka har'a
li-chromosome tsa lisele tse joalo ho batla ho phethehile.

174
00:20:11,267 --> 00:20:18,712
Haeba sena se etsahala liseleng tse
ikemetseng, na ho na le lebaka le hlakileng le ka

175
00:20:18,712 --> 00:20:23,426
etsang hore se se ke sa etsahala le 'meleng?

176
00:20:23,426 --> 00:20:29,112
Lekgetlong lena, mme ke lona feela, karabo ya rona ke tjhe.

177
00:20:29,112 --> 00:20:38,638
Kajeno, mona le hona joale, re tobane le temoho ea hore mebuso
lefatšeng ka bophara e kene lenaneong la bosatane le

178
00:20:38,638 --> 00:20:49,760
lematsitseng, la bolayang le ho fetola liphatsa tsa lefutso
tsa batho ba bomilione ba bomalimabe lefatšeng ka bophara.

179
00:20:49,760 --> 00:21:00,033
Mme lenaneo lena le reretsoe ho atoloswa; WHO e ikemiseditse
ho nkela ente tse tlwaelehileng sebaka ka mefuta ya meento ya

180
00:21:00,033 --> 00:21:06,227
mRNA ka kakaretso, ho tsa bongaka ba batho le ba diphoofolo.

181
00:21:06,227 --> 00:21:13,328
WHO e re bolella hore liente tsa COVID li pakile polokeho ea
tsona ka tsela e khahlang hoo ho seng ho hlokahala hore

182
00:21:13,328 --> 00:21:21,568
ho etsoe liteko tse tebileng tsa liente tsa kamoso tsa
mRNA khahlanong le likokoana-hloko tse ling tse bakang mafu.

183
00:21:21,568 --> 00:21:31,812
Empa ha ho letho le ka hole le nnete ho feta polelo
ena e lerootho ea ho putlama ha saense ea bongaka.

184
00:21:31,812 --> 00:21:41,020
Baahi-'moho ba ratehang, molemong oa lona le oa
baratuoa ba lona, le se ke la lebala ntho ee e le 'ngoe:

185
00:21:41,020 --> 00:21:47,674
Ho hlahisoa ha antigen e tsoang kantle ho 'mele ka
har'a sele ea 'mele oa rona ho tla lula ho lebisa

186
00:21:47,674 --> 00:21:51,795
tlhaselong ea tsamaiso ea boitšireletso seleng eo.

187
00:21:51,795 --> 00:22:00,652
Kaha ente e nngwe le e nngwe e ntjha ya mRNA e na le antigen ya
yona e sa tlwaelehang, e nngwe le e nngwe ya tsona le

188
00:22:00,652 --> 00:22:10,000
yona e tla baka tshenyo, jwalo ka ha re bone ka
liente tse fetotsweng ka lefutso kgahlanong le COVID-19.

189
00:22:10,000 --> 00:22:17,609
Mme jwaloka pele, tshenyo ena e tla
mpefala ka ho nchafatswa ho hong le ho hong.

190
00:22:17,609 --> 00:22:27,364
Ho ka etsahala hore ho silafala ha liente tsa mRNA le hona e be
tloaelo, kaha ha ho na mokhoa o sa jeng chelete e ngata o ka

191
00:22:27,364 --> 00:22:37,198
arolang ka bots'epehi mRNA e hlahisitsoeng ka bongata ho tsoa
ho li-plasmid – 'me leha ho le joalo, ha ho motho ea bonahalang

192
00:22:37,198 --> 00:22:43,051
a beha leihlo hore na melaoana ea tlhahiso ea lateloa.

193
00:22:43,051 --> 00:22:45,860
Lenaneo la WHO ke tšokelo ho batho.

194
00:22:45,860 --> 00:22:49,346
E tšosa UENA le baratuoa ba hau.

195
00:22:49,346 --> 00:22:56,453
Batho ba lefatshe, kopanang mme le re
pholoseng bohlanyeng bona ba botlokotsebe!

196
00:22:56,453 --> 00:23:03,890
A re emiseng liente tsa mRNA – a re emiseng WHO!

197
00:23:13,921 --> 00:23:19,759
Dumela, lebitso la ka ke Lara mme
kajeno ke tlo le phetela pale ya ka.

198
00:23:19,759 --> 00:23:21,290
Lebitso la ka ke Lara.

199
00:23:21,290 --> 00:23:24,848
Lebitso la ka ke Lara, mme ke qetile
dilemo tse mashome a mabedi kgwedi e fetileng.

200
00:23:24,848 --> 00:23:30,112
Lebitso la ka ke Lara, ke lilemo li mashome a mabeli, 'me
libeke tse peli pele ke qeta lilemo tse leshome le metso e

201
00:23:30,112 --> 00:23:34,063
robeli, ka tšohanyetso ka iphumana ke sa khone ho tsamaea.

202
00:23:34,063 --> 00:23:42,708
Matsatsi a mararo kamora ho fumana ente ea ka ea boraro ea
coronavirus ka la 17 Pherekhong 2022, ke ile ka akheha, mme ha

203
00:23:42,708 --> 00:23:52,431
ke tsoha, ke ne ke ferekane ka ho feletseng 'me maoto a ka a
ne a se a sa khone ho nteka. Ke ne ke se ke sa khone ho tsamaea.

204
00:23:52,431 --> 00:23:55,931
Nke ke ka lebala letsatsi lena kapele.

205
00:23:55,931 --> 00:24:03,188
Kamora hora, le nna ke ile ka qala ho
thatafallwa ke ho hema, mme ka iswa sepetleleng sa bana.

206
00:24:03,188 --> 00:24:05,063
Ee.

207
00:24:07,345 --> 00:24:12,260
Nakong e latelang, boemo ba ka ha bo a ka ba fetoha haholo.

208
00:24:12,260 --> 00:24:15,758
Le matsoho a ka a ne a sitoa ho tshwara dintho hantle.

209
00:24:15,758 --> 00:24:18,243
Ke qetile matsatsi a ka ke le betheng.

210
00:24:18,243 --> 00:24:25,149
Ho bala ho ne ho sa khonehe hobane ka lentsoe la
boraro polelong, ke ne ke se ke lebetse a mabeli a pele...

211
00:24:25,149 --> 00:24:26,657


212
00:24:26,657 --> 00:24:30,092
Mmino le divideo di ne di nkgatholla.

213
00:24:30,092 --> 00:24:35,217
Ho ile ha eketsoa taba ea ho se khone ho itshwara,
lentsoe leo ke neng ke sa le tsebe le hanyenyane.

214
00:24:35,217 --> 00:24:39,060
Ke ile ka qobelloa ho robala betheng ka likhoeli tse 'ne.

215
00:24:39,060 --> 00:24:41,451
Ke ne ke sa tsoa qeta lilemo tse leshome le metso e robeli.

216
00:24:41,451 --> 00:24:48,120
Ho 'na, eo e ka be e bile nako ea ho tsoa, ho
kopana le metsoalle, le ho natefeloa ke tokoloho ea ka.

217
00:24:48,120 --> 00:24:51,273
Empa ke ne ke tlanngoe betheng.

218
00:24:51,273 --> 00:24:54,648
Metsoalle e ile ea re salang hantle ka ho latellana.

219
00:24:54,648 --> 00:24:59,218
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho bohloko haholo
ho 'na, empa ka lehlakoreng le leng, u

220
00:24:59,218 --> 00:25:02,408
etsang ka motho ea mpa a phomotse feela lapeng?

221
00:25:02,408 --> 00:25:06,135
Ha ke kgone ho itlhalosetsa tsohle tse ileng tsa latela.

222
00:25:06,135 --> 00:25:08,593
E ka feta nako ena e behiloeng.

223
00:25:08,593 --> 00:25:12,197
Ke tla e hlalosa ka mantsoe a sehlooho.

224
00:25:12,197 --> 00:25:15,619
Acupuncture e nthusitse hore ke boele mafolofolo.

225
00:25:15,619 --> 00:25:17,860
Ke pheta selemo sekolong.

226
00:25:17,860 --> 00:25:23,150
Ke ea maetong a mabeli a makhutšoane, Paris le Roma. Huree!

227
00:25:23,150 --> 00:25:29,096
Empa Loetse 2022... Mokgathala o boima o a kena.

228
00:25:29,096 --> 00:25:31,330
Ho qala ho kgutlela morao.

229
00:25:31,330 --> 00:25:33,486
Nke ke ka boela.

230
00:25:33,486 --> 00:25:37,273
Ke leka ho pheta sehlopha. Ha ho sebetse.

231
00:25:37,273 --> 00:25:39,391
Ho fetola mefuta ea likolo, ho lokile.

232
00:25:39,391 --> 00:25:40,953
Ha ho sa na koleche ea sekolo se phahameng.

233
00:25:40,953 --> 00:25:42,740
Empa phetoho e molemo.

234
00:25:42,740 --> 00:25:48,462
Ke tla fumana li-crutch e le hore nka
ea sekolong leha e le matsatsing a mabe.

235
00:25:48,462 --> 00:25:54,174
Ho qala nako ea ho iphetapheta ha
seo ho thoeng ke ho putlama hape.

236
00:25:54,174 --> 00:25:58,720
Lithupa ha li sa nthusa hobane ke khathetse haholo.

237
00:25:58,720 --> 00:26:04,727
Ke tlameha ho amohela seo ke sa
kang ka se batla: setulo sa maoto.

238
00:26:04,727 --> 00:26:06,965
Empa nka kena sekolo.

239
00:26:06,965 --> 00:26:10,987
Eaba ke phela ka mofuta oa morethetho oa ho khutlela morao.

240
00:26:10,987 --> 00:26:14,404
Jwale ke se ke ithutile ho phela le ho kgutlela hona morao.

241
00:26:14,404 --> 00:26:20,075
Ho tloha ka letsatsi leo la Pherekhong 2022, bophelo ba
ka bo bile joaloka sepalangoang se nyolohang le ho theoha:

242
00:26:20,075 --> 00:26:26,948
Ho kgutlela morao, kgaotso, ho kgutlela morao ka
karolo, kgaotso, ho kgutlela morao ho matla, kgaotso.

243
00:26:26,948 --> 00:26:31,335
Ha ho bonolo. Empa nka e etsa. Ke batla ho e etsa.

244
00:26:31,335 --> 00:26:33,862
Ke na le litoro tse ngata.

245
00:26:33,862 --> 00:26:40,086
Nakong ea lilemo tsena tse peli, ke bile ke
tšoerehile haholo ka ntho e ka bonahalang e se ea bohlokoa.

246
00:26:40,086 --> 00:26:42,134
Ke ne ke sa tsebe hore ke na le eng.

247
00:26:42,134 --> 00:26:43,959
Ha ho motho ea neng a tseba.

248
00:26:43,959 --> 00:26:50,229
Ke hopola letsatsi leo 'm'e a ileng a fumana
inthaneteng hore lefu la ka le neng le se na lebitso le ne

249
00:26:50,229 --> 00:26:53,880
le na le lona: Post-Vac Syndrome, Post-Vac Syndrome.

250
00:26:53,880 --> 00:26:58,335
Joale nka tsheha ka yona. Hobane ha
e le hantle ha se lebitso la lefu.

251
00:26:58,335 --> 00:27:00,020
Empa ke ne ke thabile.

252
00:27:00,020 --> 00:27:02,638
Jwale ke a tseba hore na ke hobaneng
ho ne ho le bohlokwa hakaalo ho nna.

253
00:27:02,638 --> 00:27:08,300
Hobane motho e mong o ne a mpona ka
tšohanyetso. Mme boemo ba ka bo ne bo e-na le lebitso.

254
00:27:08,300 --> 00:27:11,537
Hobane ke ile ka arolelana bokulo ba ka le ba bang.

255
00:27:11,537 --> 00:27:13,312
Ke ne ke se ke le mong.

256
00:27:13,312 --> 00:27:15,946
Mme e ne e le tokoloho.

257
00:27:15,946 --> 00:27:23,278
Kamora ditlhahlobo tse ngata, tse neng di dula di phethela ka
hore "tsohle di tlwaelehile," qetellong ke fumane ho le hona ka

258
00:27:23,278 --> 00:27:27,934
malwetse a mabedi: small fibre neuropathy le fatigue syndrome.

259
00:27:27,934 --> 00:27:34,200
Leetong lena le lelelele, ha kea ba le
maiphihlelo a mabe feela ka tlhokomelo ea bongaka.

260
00:27:34,200 --> 00:27:36,580
Lingaka tse seng kae li ne li tiile.

261
00:27:36,580 --> 00:27:41,752
U nthusitse hore ke hatele pele hanyane, mme
kea leboha ho tswa botebong ba pelo ya ka.

262
00:27:41,752 --> 00:27:43,873
Ke ntse ke le leetong le sa tsitsang.

263
00:27:43,873 --> 00:27:45,780
Ha e eso fele.

264
00:27:45,780 --> 00:27:47,700
Empa joale e se e bataletse.

265
00:27:47,700 --> 00:27:49,003
Ke tšepa hore ho tla lula ho le joalo.

266
00:27:49,003 --> 00:27:53,264
Mme ke tshepa hore ka nako e nngwe ke tla
kgona ho tswa ho se tsamaeng sena ka ho feletseng.

267
00:27:53,264 --> 00:27:58,699
Ho ka ba monate ho ema fatše ka maoto a ka a sebetsang.

268
00:27:58,699 --> 00:28:00,730
Tsoela pele ho etsa lipatlisiso!

269
00:28:00,730 --> 00:28:08,476
Kaofela ha rona re hloka pono e
pharaletseng. Mme ke hloka wena. Kea leboha.

270
00:28:11,867 --> 00:28:18,399
Mokgatlo wa MWGFD o entse dipuisano tse ding tse kgahlang
le tse amang maikutlo le batho ba ileng ba lemala ka lebaka

271
00:28:18,399 --> 00:28:22,273
la mekento ya mRNA letotong la "Vaccinated, Harmed, Denied".

272
00:28:22,273 --> 00:28:25,740
U ka fumana tsena tlas'a sehokelo se bontšitsoeng.

273
00:28:25,740 --> 00:28:31,837
Ka lebaka la hore theknoloji ea mRNA e boetse e tla kenngoa
tšebetsong bakeng sa liente tse ling – kapa, ka nepo e kholo,

274
00:28:31,837 --> 00:28:36,069
liphekolo tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso – ho
bohlokoa le ho feta ho phatlalatsa litlaleho

275
00:28:36,069 --> 00:28:39,118
tsena tse tšosang tsa tšenyo e bakoang ke ente.

276
00:28:39,118 --> 00:28:42,797
Ka kopo, ikutloeng le lokolohile ho arolelana lipuisano tsena.

277
00:28:42,797 --> 00:28:50,370
Le wena o ka thusa ho totobatsa boholo ba tshenyo e
bakilweng ke meento ya mRNA ka ho tlaleha tshenyo efe

278
00:28:50,370 --> 00:28:54,120
kapa efe ya ente sebakeng sa heno ho vetopedia.org.