1
00:00:00,134 --> 00:00:08,672
"Ezinsukwini ezintathu ngemva kokuthola umjovo wami wesithathu
we-COVID-19 ngomhlaka 17 Januwari 2022, ngagwegwaza, kwathi

2
00:00:08,672 --> 00:00:17,475
lapho ngivuka, ngangididekile ngokuphelele futhi imilenze
yami yayingasakwazi ukungiphatha. Angisakwazanga ukuhamba."

3
00:00:17,475 --> 00:00:25,032
"Kulabo ababegonyelwe, iphrotheni ye-spike nokuvuvukala
kwatholakala ezithweni eziningi emasontweni

4
00:00:25,032 --> 00:00:33,364
noma ezinyangeni ngemuva kokugonywa,
okuhlotshaniswa nezifo ezinzima futhi ezivame ukubulala."

5
00:00:33,364 --> 00:00:43,071
Kodwa-ke, lo mkhiqizo ongazelelwe nowokuqhubekayo
wephrotheni ebhalwe ku-mRNA ungachazwa kanjani?

6
00:00:43,071 --> 00:00:50,843
Ekupheleni kuka-2023, i-Kla.TV yashicilela incwadi
esheshayo kaProfesa Dr. Sucharit Bhakdi mayelana nezingozi

7
00:00:50,843 --> 00:00:54,729
ezingapheli zezitofu zokugoma ze-RNA ngezilimi eziningana.

8
00:00:54,729 --> 00:00:55,806


9
00:00:55,806 --> 00:01:02,358
Manje, ekupheleni kukaMashi 2024, uProf. Dr. Sucharit Bhakdi,
uProf. Karina Reiss noDkt. Michael Palmer

10
00:01:02,358 --> 00:01:10,104
bashicilele indatshana lapho okutholakele okusha
kuqinisekisa zonke izixwayiso ezenziwe ngaleso sikhathi.

11
00:01:10,104 --> 00:01:15,732
Bachaza ngendlela yesayensi ecacile, kodwa ngendlela eqondakala
kalula kubantu abangochwepheshe kwezokwelapha, ukuthi kungani

12
00:01:15,732 --> 00:01:19,357
imijovo ebizwa nge-mRNA ingamanga futhi iyingozi kakhulu.

13
00:01:19,357 --> 00:01:28,197
Lesi sihloko esicwaningwe kahle silungele ukwabelana
ngaso nanoma ubani ongakaqondi lolu daba ngokujulile.

14
00:01:28,197 --> 00:01:32,724
Iyatholakala njengefayela le-PDF
ngaphansi kwale nkqubo yokuphrinta.

15
00:01:32,724 --> 00:01:37,865
Ngezansi, uProfesa Bhakdi ufunda le ndatshana ngawe.

16
00:01:37,865 --> 00:01:47,615
Umthelela omkhulu wezimo ezichazwe nguProfesa Bhakdi
kubantu asebethintekile ubonakala embikweni olandelayo kaLara.

17
00:01:47,615 --> 00:01:53,899
Ungomunye wama-victim angenakubalwa okubangelwa umjovo wokugoma
i-coronavirus futhi uxoxa indaba yakhe yobuhlungu

18
00:01:53,899 --> 00:02:00,849
emhlanganweni wezabezindaba we-MWGFD othi
"Sigomelwe, salimala, savinjwa... manje-ke yini?" Prof.

19
00:02:04,268 --> 00:02:13,410
Bantu abathandekayo. Mndeni wabantu, nginento
ebaluleke kakhulu engifuna ukukutshela yona.

20
00:02:13,410 --> 00:02:21,539
Kuyindaba yokutholakala kwakamuva kwe-DNA emajabini.

21
00:02:21,539 --> 00:02:30,580
Kungani imijovo yokugoma ye-RNA ingamanga futhi
iyingozi kakhulu manje isiyindaba yokuxoxwa ngayo.

22
00:02:30,580 --> 00:02:38,860
Ama-chromosome izincwadi zokuphila, aqukethe izindlela
zokupheka ezibhalwe nge-DNA zokukhiqiza ama-molecule ephrotheni.

23
00:02:38,860 --> 00:02:46,095
Uma kudingeka, ivulwa incwadi efanele
futhi kwenziwa ikhophi yeresiphi efunwayo.

24
00:02:46,095 --> 00:02:50,009
Le khopi iyi-mRNA.

25
00:02:50,009 --> 00:02:55,858
Ilawula ukukhiqizwa kweprotein bese ilahlwa.

26
00:02:55,858 --> 00:03:02,758
Imijovo yokugoma ye-RNA ifana nalezi zikopi eziphilayo isikhathi
esifushane zezindlela zokupheka

27
00:03:02,758 --> 00:03:10,841
zama-chromosome; kodwa ngokungafani nazo, ibangela
ukukhiqizwa kwamaprotheni angafanele emizimbeni yethu.

28
00:03:10,841 --> 00:03:21,662
Esikhundleni salokho, zibangela ukwakheka kwama-antigen
angaphandle, njengoprotheni ye-spike ye-SARS-CoV-2.

29
00:03:21,662 --> 00:03:30,371
Ukujovwa ngakunye kwalolu hlobo lwesitofu sokugoma kunikeza
amakhophi angaphezu kwebhiliyoni (izimolekyuli ze-mRNA).

30
00:03:30,371 --> 00:03:39,220
Ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kwe-mRNA yesitofu sokugoma
kudinga ukutholakala ngobuningi kweresiphi ye-DNA.

31
00:03:39,220 --> 00:03:41,439
Lokhu kungenziwa kanjani?

32
00:03:41,439 --> 00:03:47,162
Indlela esetshenziselwa ukuxazulula le
nkinga iyisisekelo sobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo.

33
00:03:47,162 --> 00:03:54,197
Amabhiliyoni namatriliyoni wekhophi
yezindlela zokupheka ze-DNA avela kubaktheriya.

34
00:03:54,197 --> 00:04:01,605
Izindlela zokupheka zifakwe kuma-chromosome amancane
abakhiqizwa amabhaktheriya abizwa ngokuthi ama-plasmid.

35
00:04:01,605 --> 00:04:07,397
Amaseli abakhohlela angahlukana njalo
ngemizuzu engu-20, okusho ukuthi inani lawo liyanda

36
00:04:07,397 --> 00:04:10,940
izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili ngehora ngalinye.

37
00:04:10,940 --> 00:04:19,796
Ngale ndlela, amagciwane angenakubalwa angathola ekukhuleni
oketshezi ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuphela, futhi iseli ngalinye

38
00:04:19,796 --> 00:04:25,215
legciwane lizoba nezikopi eziningi zeplasmid okukhulunywa ngayo.

39
00:04:25,215 --> 00:04:27,988
Ama-plasmidi kulula ukuwaguqula.

40
00:04:27,988 --> 00:04:35,860
Ama-recipe angaphandle, okungukuthi amagene
akhoda amaprotheni e-virus, isibonelo, angafakwa.

41
00:04:35,860 --> 00:04:47,639
Ngemva kokwanda kwamabhaktheriya, ama-plasmidi aqoqwa bese
esetshenziswa njengamathayiphu ekukhiqizeni amakhophi e-mRNA.

42
00:04:47,639 --> 00:04:56,007
Ekugcineni, ama-RNA afakwa emagobulini amancane kakhulu
kawoyela abizwa ngokuthi ama-lipid nanoparticles (LNPs).

43
00:04:56,007 --> 00:05:04,729
Izithako eziyinhloko ze-LNP zikhiqizwa
ngokwenziwa futhi zaziwa ukuthi ziyingozi ngokwazo.

44
00:05:04,729 --> 00:05:12,748
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-lipid compounds akhethekile asetshenziswa
yi-Pfizer/BioNTech ne-Moderna awazange ahlolwe ngisho

45
00:05:12,748 --> 00:05:20,413
emuntwini ngaphambi kokuba imijovo ye-mRNA evela
kubakhiqizi bobabili ithole imvume yezimo eziphuthumayo.

46
00:05:20,413 --> 00:05:26,674
Lokhu kubeka ingozi yezempilo
engaphikeki futhi engadingekile ngokuphelele.

47
00:05:26,674 --> 00:05:38,531
Ukupakishwa kwe-RNA yi-LNP kuyivikela ekubhujisweni, kuvumela
ukuthi ifinyelele kuzo zonke izitho zomzimba ngokugeleza kwegazi.

48
00:05:38,531 --> 00:05:44,520
Lapho, ama-LNP aziphatha njengezimbhamu zaseTroja.

49
00:05:44,520 --> 00:05:49,040
Ziyamuncwa yizicubu zeseli, kanti i-mRNA ikhululwa.

50
00:05:49,040 --> 00:05:52,457
Lokhu kulandelwa ukukhiqizwa kweprotein ye-spike.

51
00:05:52,457 --> 00:05:58,576
Lokhu-ke kubangela impendulo yokuzivikela
komzimba, kuhlanganisa nokwakheka kwamabhowuni okuvikela

52
00:05:58,576 --> 00:06:03,180
athile akhelwe ukusivikela ekuthelelekeni esizayo.

53
00:06:03,180 --> 00:06:09,954
Nokho, uhlelo lokuzivikela komzimba lubona futhi
lubhubhise amaseli omzimba akhiqiza amaprotheni angaphandle.

54
00:06:09,954 --> 00:06:15,467
Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kwenzeka lapho
amaseli ethu ethathelwa amagciwane.

55
00:06:15,467 --> 00:06:22,171
Lokhu ikhono lokubona amaprotheni
angaphandle njengalokhu sekukhona ekuzalweni.

56
00:06:22,171 --> 00:06:29,736
Kusivikela kuyo yonke impilo yethu, njengoba amaseli
agcwele amagciwane ebulawa ngempumelelo ngale ndlela.

57
00:06:29,736 --> 00:06:31,900
Ayikwazi ukucindezelwa.

58
00:06:31,900 --> 00:06:41,803
Ngakho-ke, lapho i-mRNA ebhala iphrotheni yangaphandle ifakwa
eselini, leso seli hlaselwa yisistimu yokuzivikela komzimba.

59
00:06:41,803 --> 00:06:48,040
Ukuphikiswa kwamalungu adluliselwe
kumzimba kubonisa leli qiniso eliyisisekelo.

60
00:06:48,040 --> 00:06:52,145
Uma wamukela isitho sami sezinso, uzosiphika.

61
00:06:52,145 --> 00:06:59,508
Uthola i-kidney yami yesibili, futhi ukwenqatshwa kwesibili
kulandela, kodwa kulokhu ngokushesha nangokucasuka okukhulu.

62
00:06:59,508 --> 00:07:09,685
Imigomo efanayo isuselwa ekwandeni okuqhubekayo
kwemiphumela eyingozi yokugonywa okuphindaphindiwe.

63
00:07:09,685 --> 00:07:19,740
Inani lekhopi ze-RNA ezipakishwe ku-LNP
ezinikezwa ngesijovo ngasinye likhulu kakhulu.

64
00:07:19,740 --> 00:07:25,562
Izinkulungwane eziningi zamangqamuzana emzimbeni
wonke zizohlaselwa yisistimu yethu yokuzivikela komzimba.

65
00:07:25,562 --> 00:07:34,718
Lolu hlaselo lungavinjwa kuphela uma
ukukhiqizwa kweprotein yangaphandle sekumisiwe.

66
00:07:34,718 --> 00:07:37,632
Kodwa lokhu kuzohlala isikhathi esingakanani?

67
00:07:37,632 --> 00:07:41,609
Kusele izinsuku ezimbalwa nje, njengoba
abakhiqizi bemithi yokugoma kanye

68
00:07:41,609 --> 00:07:45,566
neziphathimandla zokulawula beqhubeka besiqinisekisa?

69
00:07:45,566 --> 00:07:54,781
Eminyakeni emibili edlule, kwenziwe
ukubonwa okusabisa okungahambisani naleli cala.

70
00:07:54,781 --> 00:08:02,324
Kubantu abagonyiwe, iphrotheni ye-spike nokuvuvukala kwatholakala
ezithweni eziningi emavikini noma

71
00:08:02,324 --> 00:08:10,649
ezinyangeni eziningana emva kokugonywa ,
okuhlotshaniswa nezifo ezinzima futhi ezivame ukubulala.

72
00:08:10,649 --> 00:08:19,700
Kodwa-ke, le ngokukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo okungalindelekile
kweproteini ebhalwe ku-mRNA kungachazwa kanjani?

73
00:08:19,700 --> 00:08:36,372
Impendulo ekholisayo kodwa esabisa inikezwe ukutholakala
okwenziwe uMcKernan nozakwabo, abakushicilele unyaka owedlule.

74
00:08:36,372 --> 00:08:45,762
Sasivele sixoxe ngokuthi i-mRNA yakhiwa kusuka kwizifanekiso
ze-DNA ye-plasmid ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwemijovo yokugoma.

75
00:08:45,762 --> 00:08:54,214
Ngaphambi kokuthi i-mRNA ipakishwe
ku-LNP, le DNA kumele kuqala isuswe.

76
00:08:54,214 --> 00:09:03,558
Ngaphandle kwalokho, i-DNA yeplasmid
ingavalelwa ema-globule we-lipid kanye ne-RNA.

77
00:09:03,558 --> 00:09:14,880
UMcKernan wathola ukuthi lesi sinyathelo esibalulekile
sokukhipha i-DNA yeplasmid besingazange senziwe ngokucophelela.

78
00:09:14,880 --> 00:09:24,894
Kutholakale inani elikhulu ngokweqile le-DNA yeplasmid
ezigabeni eziningi zamavaksini ka-Pfizer no-Moderna.

79
00:09:27,086 --> 00:09:34,145
Okuqwashisiwe nguKevin McKernan kwancishiswa
ukubaluleka ngabantu abaningi abajwayelekile.

80
00:09:34,145 --> 00:09:46,144
Iziphathimandla zokulawula zathi abakhiqizi babazise ngokuba khona
kwe-DNA; nokho, lokhu akuzange kubavimbe ekunikezeni imvume,

81
00:09:46,144 --> 00:09:52,920
njengoba amanani abikiwe ayengaphansi kwemingcele ebekwe yi-WHO.

82
00:09:52,920 --> 00:09:55,941
Kodwa le mikhawulo ivela kuphi?

83
00:09:55,941 --> 00:10:06,135
I-European Medicines Agency (EMA) ibeke umkhawulo
wama-nanogramu ayi-10 e-DNA ngedosi ngayinye yesitofu sokugoma.

84
00:10:06,135 --> 00:10:13,127
Wabhekisela embikweni we-WHO wango-1998.

85
00:10:13,127 --> 00:10:22,539
Lombiko lobuchwepheshe lithi: "Ngokwazi okwamanje,
i-DNA evela emigqeni yamaseli eqhubekayo kuze kufike ku-10

86
00:10:22,539 --> 00:10:27,936
ng ngedosi ehlanzwe manje ingabhekwa njengemukelekile."

87
00:10:27,936 --> 00:10:35,104
Umkhawulo omusha ophezulu awusebenzi
emikhiqizweni etholakala kumaseli amagciwane, emigqeni

88
00:10:35,104 --> 00:10:42,061
yamaseli e-diploid noma ekukhuleni kokuqala kwamaseli.

89
00:10:42,061 --> 00:10:47,704
Sibona ukuthi umbiko we-WHO uhlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili ze-DNA.

90
00:10:47,704 --> 00:10:55,760
Okunye kubhekwa njengokuyingozi kakhulu kunokunye,
ngakho-ke inani lazo linqunyelwe kwinani elibekiwe.

91
00:10:55,760 --> 00:11:02,453
Kodwa i-DNA yeplasmid equkethwe emajabini e-mRNA
ingabe ingaphansi kwesiphi kwalezi zinhlobo

92
00:11:02,453 --> 00:11:08,079
ezimbili – esiyingozi kakhulu noma esingeyingozi kangako?

93
00:11:08,079 --> 00:11:17,384
Akusona ngempela isigaba kunoma yikuphi, ngoba umhlahlandlela
we-WHO ngokungaqondile ucabanga ukuthi noma yiluphi i-DNA

94
00:11:17,384 --> 00:11:25,184
olusezimweni zokwelapha noma emjovweni aluyona enye
into ngaphandle kwalokhu: i-DNA "evulekile", ukwamukelwa

95
00:11:25,184 --> 00:11:29,880
kwayo ezicubeni zomzimba wethu kuzoba buphansi kakhulu.

96
00:11:29,880 --> 00:11:42,794
Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-DNA engcolisayo
emijovweni izopakishwa nge-LNP, njengokufana ne-mRNA.

97
00:11:42,794 --> 00:11:49,960
Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kuholela ekutholeni i-DNA
ngokushesha nangempumelelo kakhulu emaselini omzimba wethu .

98
00:11:49,960 --> 00:11:56,685
Ngakho-ke bekuyodingeka ukunquma umkhawulo
"ophephile" we-DNA ehlanganiswe ne-LNP

99
00:11:56,685 --> 00:12:01,510
kusetshenziswa izivivinyo ezintsha ezihlelwe ngokucophelela.

100
00:12:01,510 --> 00:12:07,479
Kodwa ake sithathe ukuthi umkhawulo osethwe yi-EMA uyamukeleka.

101
00:12:07,479 --> 00:12:10,860
Lokhu kusiholela kuphi?

102
00:12:10,860 --> 00:12:20,033
Embikweni wayo owishiwe ngenhla , i-EMA ithi zonke izibonelo
zezitofu zokugoma eyazithola ku-Pfizer/BioNTech ngaphambi

103
00:12:20,033 --> 00:12:25,175
kokuvunywa zazihambisana nomkhawulo we-EMA we-DNA eseleyo.

104
00:12:25,175 --> 00:12:32,966
Nokho, kuyabonakala ukuthi i-EMA ayiqinisekisanga ukulawulwa
kwekhwalithi okuqhubekayo ngemva kokuvunywa, futhi lokhu kuyafana

105
00:12:32,966 --> 00:12:37,995
nakuzo zonke ezinye iziphathimandla zokulawula emhlabeni wonke.

106
00:12:37,995 --> 00:12:46,877
Lokhu kungaqedwa ngokwezitholi zikaKevin McKernan,
ngokwezitholi zakhe okuqukethwe kwe-DNA kuwo wonke amaqoqo

107
00:12:46,877 --> 00:12:53,021
omjovo oviviniwe kudlula umkhawulo obekwe yi-WHO ne-EMA.

108
00:12:54,556 --> 00:13:04,560
Lokhu kusiholela ekuqapheliseni okumangalisayo nokwesabekayo
kokuthi lezi zitozo eziyingozi zakhiqizwa ngaphandle kwanoma

109
00:13:04,560 --> 00:13:11,340
yiluphi uhlobo lokulawula, nokuthi izigidi
ezingamakhulu zabantu zafakwa ngamaqoqo

110
00:13:11,340 --> 00:13:16,388
ezitozo eziphule ngokwedlulele izimo zokuvunywa.

111
00:13:16,388 --> 00:13:25,878
Manje sekuvinjelwe ukufaka umuthi
ongahambisani nezincazelo ezibekiwe emvume yokumaketha.

112
00:13:25,878 --> 00:13:33,085
Ngakho-ke ukuqhubeka nokufakwa kwalezi zitozo
akuyona into engaphansi kwesenzo sobugebengu.

113
00:13:33,085 --> 00:13:42,408
Nansi indlela iziphathimandla zethu ezifike kuyo
ekungazini kwazo okudabukisayo, ukuthi zenze lokhu

114
00:13:42,408 --> 00:13:47,488
kubantu bazo futhi ziyaqhubeka nokwenza kanjalo.

115
00:13:47,488 --> 00:13:54,258
Qaphela: Iziphathimandla ezifanele emazweni
aseNtshonalanga ziye zanqaba ngokusebenzayo

116
00:13:54,258 --> 00:13:59,444
ukuphenya ukuthi iqembu likaMcKernan lingaba nelungelo.

117
00:13:59,444 --> 00:14:06,715
Kunalokho, bayacula ngokuvumelana bathi:
i-DNA ngeke ngisho ifinyelele emaselini.

118
00:14:06,715 --> 00:14:14,166
Futhi uma kwenzeka njalo,
kuzoshwabana ngokushesha futhi kubhujiswe lapho.

119
00:14:14,166 --> 00:14:24,577
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inhliziyo yeseli ihlukaniswe ne-cytosol yeseli
ngembambo engangeneki, ngakho-ke i-DNA yangaphandle ayikwazi

120
00:14:24,577 --> 00:14:31,336
ukungena ngaphakathi kwayo ukuze yenze umsebenzi wayo lapho.

121
00:14:31,336 --> 00:14:41,420
Okukodwa okuhle ngaleli bali elimbi kakhulu
wukuthi iziphathimandla ezibhekele manje seziziveze.

122
00:14:41,420 --> 00:14:47,567
Sebephakathi kwesimo esinzima kakhulu,
futhi lokhu kuyabonakala kubo bonke.

123
00:14:47,567 --> 00:14:56,818
Izikhungo zikahulumeni ngokusobala
zihlangene nabenzi baleli cala elesabekayo.

124
00:14:56,818 --> 00:15:06,260
Okutholakele kukaMcKernan kumele kudale ukukhathazeka
kunoma ubani onolwazi oluncane nje lwezinto eziphilayo.

125
00:15:06,260 --> 00:15:14,740
Kuyacaca ukuthi i-DNA yeplasmid ephakishwe nge-LNP
izongena kumaseli ethu ngokuphumelela okuphezulu.

126
00:15:14,740 --> 00:15:22,242
Umembrane wenyukliya awukwazi ukuvikela ama-chromosome
ngokuqhubekayo; uyanyibilika ngesikhathi sokwahlukaniswa

127
00:15:22,242 --> 00:15:30,600
kweseli ngasinye, bese i-DNA engajwayelekile ifakwa
ezinukleiyini ezisanda kwakhiwa zamangqamuzana amadodakazi.

128
00:15:30,600 --> 00:15:40,489
Lokhu ukuthathwa kuphela kwanele ukuqalisa
ukukhiqizwa kwesikhathi eside kwamaprotheni abhalwe ikhodi –

129
00:15:40,489 --> 00:15:46,528
akudingeki ukuhlanganiswa ku-DNA yamakhromosomu ethu .

130
00:15:46,528 --> 00:15:54,920
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ukubumbana
okunjalo kwenzeka, kuletha izingozi ezengeziwe.

131
00:15:54,920 --> 00:16:02,620
Imiphumela kaMcKernan isiqinisekisiwe
yilabhorethri eziningi e-United States naseCanada.

132
00:16:02,620 --> 00:16:14,675
Manje sibika ngeminye imivivinyo eyenziwe yiqembu labacwaningi
baseJalimane abanamava kumabhetshi omuthi wokugoma we-BioNTech.

133
00:16:16,863 --> 00:16:22,515
Umphumela wokuqala: Njengangaphambilini,
izilinganiso ezinkulu ze-DNA yamagciwane

134
00:16:22,515 --> 00:16:27,250
zatholakala kuzo zonke iziqephu eziyisithupha ezihlolwe.

135
00:16:27,250 --> 00:16:35,700
Zonke izakhi zofuzo ezazitholwe ngaphambilini
nguMcKernan ku-plasmid ziye zahlonishwa lapha futhi.

136
00:16:35,700 --> 00:16:44,644
Lokhu futhi kusebenza ku-promoter ebizwa
nge-SV40, ingxenye ekhethekile kakhulu ukuba khona kwayo

137
00:16:44,644 --> 00:16:50,098
kwakufihlwe emphakathini nakubaphathi bokulawula.

138
00:16:50,098 --> 00:16:59,662
Kungani i-Pfizer ne-BioNTech zafaka i-promoter
ye-SV40 ku-plasmid yazo kuyindaba ethakazelisayo kakhulu.

139
00:16:59,662 --> 00:17:07,478
Le ngxenye ayidingeki ekukhiqizweni kwe-mRNA
ye-spike, futhi ayikakabi khona ku-plasmid

140
00:17:07,478 --> 00:17:13,297
esetshenziswa yiModerna ekukhiqizweni kwemithi yokugoma.

141
00:17:13,297 --> 00:17:22,229
Nokho, i-promoter ye-SV40 inekhono elimangalisayo lokuzifihla
nokudlula, kanye nezilandelwano ze-DNA ezixhunyiwe

142
00:17:22,229 --> 00:17:31,320
kuyo, ngokusebenzisa ingubo yenukleasi
engaphazamisekile, ngisho nangamaseli angahlukanisi okwamanje.

143
00:17:31,320 --> 00:17:38,031
Siyakushiya ukuthi ucabange ukuthi lokho kusho ukuthini.

144
00:17:38,031 --> 00:17:46,533
Umbuzo olandelayo: Ingabe i-DNA yeplasmidi ingangeniswa
emaseluleni abantu futhi ihlale khona isikhathi eside?

145
00:17:46,533 --> 00:17:49,502
Impendulo ithi yebo!

146
00:17:49,502 --> 00:17:57,605
Ithimba locwaningo lathola ukuthi ukwamukelwa kwe-DNA kwenzeka
ngokushesha futhi kuhlala emaselini izinsuku

147
00:17:57,605 --> 00:18:05,024
eziningi kamuva, kusengatholakala ngisho
nangemva komjikelezo wokwahlukaniswa kwamaseli.

148
00:18:05,024 --> 00:18:12,407
Isimangalo sokuthi i-DNA edliwe iyabhujiswa
ngokushesha ngaleyo ndlela siyinkohliso

149
00:18:12,407 --> 00:18:18,138
ngokuphelele – siyimibiko yezokwelapha eyingozi.

150
00:18:20,636 --> 00:18:27,138
Manje sekunezibonelo eziningi zokufakwa
kwe-DNA yangaphandle encwadini yokuphila

151
00:18:27,138 --> 00:18:32,386
nasemakhromozomeni wamaseli nezilwane zaselebhorethri.

152
00:18:32,386 --> 00:18:36,600
Imiphumela engase ibe khona iningi futhi ayibikezeleki.

153
00:18:36,600 --> 00:18:46,293
Ukuphazamiseka ohlelweni olulungiselelwe kahle olulawula
ukuhlukana kwamaseli nokuthuthukiswa kungaholela kumdlavuza.

154
00:18:46,293 --> 00:18:53,650
Izinguquko kumagene asebenza njengengxenye yohlelo lokuzivikela
komzimba zingaholela ekusebenzeni kwalo okungeyikho.

155
00:18:53,650 --> 00:19:03,420
Ukuphazamiseka kwamagene kumaseli obuchopho
kungabangela noma yisiphi isifo sobuchopho esingacabangeka.

156
00:19:03,420 --> 00:19:12,343
Uma i-DNA yangaphandle ifaka yona ngokwayo
kuma-chromosome e-sperm noma kumaqanda agcotshiwe, izimpawu

157
00:19:12,343 --> 00:19:18,340
eziguquliwe ezivela ngaleyo ndlela zizodluliselwa.

158
00:19:18,340 --> 00:19:21,798
Lokhu kusiholela embuzweni wethu wokugcina:

159
00:19:24,732 --> 00:19:35,400
Kufanele sikhathazeke yini ukuthi i-DNA yamagciwane
evela emijoweni ingafakwa nakuma-chromosome abantu?

160
00:19:35,400 --> 00:19:44,522
Ukuze kucaciswe lo mbuzo, ithimba laseJalimane lathumela
izitshalo zamangqamuzana ezitshelwe umuthi wokugoma

161
00:19:44,522 --> 00:19:50,849
kuKevin, licela ukuhlelwa okuphelele kwe-DNA yala mangqamuzana.

162
00:19:50,849 --> 00:19:56,254
Imiphumela ingabukwa ku-Substack kaKevin .

163
00:19:56,254 --> 00:20:00,620
Impendulo futhi: yebo!

164
00:20:00,620 --> 00:20:11,267
Ubufakazi be-DNA yamagciwane kumakhromozomu
wale seli seluseduze nokuphelela okwamanje.

165
00:20:11,267 --> 00:20:23,426
Uma lokhu kwenzeka kumaseli azimele, ngabe ikhona yini imbangela
ecacile yokuthi kungani kungafanele kwenzeke nasemzimbeni?

166
00:20:23,426 --> 00:20:29,112
Ngalesi sikhathi, futhi kuphela
ngalesi sikhathi, impendulo yethu ithi cha.

167
00:20:29,112 --> 00:20:38,940
Namuhla, lapha manje, sibhekene nokuqaphela ukuthi ohulumeni
emhlabeni wonke sebengene ohlelweni lobusathane

168
00:20:38,940 --> 00:20:49,760
olulimaze, lubulale futhi lulungise ngokwezofuzo
izigidi zabantu abangathathi ngezinhle emhlabeni wonke.

169
00:20:49,760 --> 00:20:59,228
Futhi lolu hlelo luhlelelwe ukwandiswa; i-WHO
ihlose ukushintsha imijovo evamile kwezokwelapha

170
00:20:59,228 --> 00:21:06,227
kwabantu nakwezilwane ngemijovo ye-mRNA kuyo yonke indawo.

171
00:21:06,227 --> 00:21:13,863
I-WHO isitshela ukuthi imijovo yokugoma ye-COVID iveze ukuphepha
kwayo ngendlela emangalisayo kangangokuthi

172
00:21:13,863 --> 00:21:21,568
ukuhlolwa okujulile kwemijovo ezayo ye-mRNA
ukuze kuqhathaniswe nezinye izifo akusadingeki.

173
00:21:21,568 --> 00:21:31,812
Kodwa akukho okungaphambene ngeqiniso kunalesi simemezelo
esidabukisayo sokubhujiswa kwezimali ngesayensi yezokwelapha.

174
00:21:31,812 --> 00:21:41,020
Bafowethu nodadewethu, ngenxa yenu
nangezithandwa zenu, ningasoze nikhohlwe le nto eyodwa:

175
00:21:41,020 --> 00:21:47,318
Ukuvezwa kwe-antigen yangaphandle eselini
lomzimba wethu kuzoholela njalo ekuhlaselweni

176
00:21:47,318 --> 00:21:51,795
kwalelo seli yisistimu yethu yokuzivikela komzimba.

177
00:21:51,795 --> 00:21:59,673
Njengoba umuthi wokugoma omusha ngamunye we-mRNA uqukethe
i-antigen yawo yangaphandle, ngamunye wabo naye

178
00:21:59,673 --> 00:22:10,000
uzobangela umonakalo, njengoba sesikubonile ngemithi yokugoma
eyakhiwe ngokufakelwa izakhi zofuzo yokulwa ne-COVID-19.

179
00:22:10,000 --> 00:22:17,609
Futhi njengangaphambilini, umonakalo lo
uzoba mubi kakhulu njalo lapho kuvuselelwa.

180
00:22:17,609 --> 00:22:27,175
Ukungcoliswa kwemijovo ye-mRNA nakho kungenzeka kakhulu kube
yinto evamile, ngoba akukho indlela eshibhile nephumelelayo

181
00:22:27,175 --> 00:22:36,581
yokuhlukanisa ngokuthembekile i-mRNA ekhiqizwa ngobuningi
kuma-plasmid – futhi noma kunjalo, kubonakala kungekho muntu

182
00:22:36,581 --> 00:22:43,051
oqapha ukuhambisana nanoma yiziphi izindinganiso zokukhiqiza.

183
00:22:43,051 --> 00:22:45,860
Uhlelo lwe-WHO luyisongelo kubantu bonke.

184
00:22:45,860 --> 00:22:49,346
Kuyasongela WENA nabathandekayo bakho.

185
00:22:49,346 --> 00:22:56,453
Bantu bomhlaba wonke, nihlangane
nisindise kulesi buhlanya bobugebengu!

186
00:22:56,453 --> 00:23:03,890
Masiyeke imijovo ye-mRNA – masiyeke i-WHO!

187
00:23:13,921 --> 00:23:19,759
Sawubona, igama lami nginguLara
futhi namuhla ngizokutshela indaba yami.

188
00:23:19,759 --> 00:23:21,290
Igama lami nginguLara.

189
00:23:21,290 --> 00:23:24,848
Igama lami nginguLara, futhi ngagubha
iminyaka engamashumi amabili ngenyanga edlule.

190
00:23:24,848 --> 00:23:29,975
Igama lami nginguLara, ngineminyaka engamashumi
amabili, futhi emasontweni amabili ngaphambi kokugubha

191
00:23:29,975 --> 00:23:34,063
iminyaka yami engu-18, ngazithola ngingakwazi ukuhamba.

192
00:23:34,063 --> 00:23:42,942
Ezinsukwini ezintathu ngemva kokuthola umjovo wami wesithathu
we-coronavirus ngomhlaka 17 Januwari 2022, ngahlehlela phansi,

193
00:23:42,942 --> 00:23:52,431
futhi lapho ngivuka ngangididekile ngokuphelele futhi imilenze
yami yayingasakwazi ukungisekela. Angisakwazanga ukuhamba.

194
00:23:52,431 --> 00:23:55,931
Angisoze ngikhohlwe lolu suku kungekudala.

195
00:23:55,931 --> 00:24:03,188
Emva kwehora, nami ngaqala ukuba nobunzima
bokuphefumula, kwathi-ke ngalethelwa esibhedlela sezinsana.

196
00:24:03,188 --> 00:24:05,063
Yebo.

197
00:24:07,345 --> 00:24:12,260
Esikhathini esilandelayo, isimo sami asizange sishintshe kakhulu.

198
00:24:12,260 --> 00:24:15,758
Ngisho nezandla zami bezingakwazi ukubamba izinto kahle.

199
00:24:15,758 --> 00:24:18,243
Ngichithe izinsuku zami embhedeni.

200
00:24:18,243 --> 00:24:22,491
Ukufunda kwakungekho okwenzekayo ngoba
ngesikhathi ngifika egameni lesithathu esivakweni,

201
00:24:22,491 --> 00:24:25,149
bengisele ngikhohliwe amagama amabili okuqala.

202
00:24:25,149 --> 00:24:26,657


203
00:24:26,657 --> 00:24:30,092
Umculo namavidiyo kwangigcina ngingedwa.

204
00:24:30,092 --> 00:24:35,217
Ukungakwazi ukubamba ukuchama kwengezwe
kulesi sihlanganiso, igama engangingazi ngisho.

205
00:24:35,217 --> 00:24:39,060
Bengivaliwe embhedeni izinyanga ezine.

206
00:24:39,060 --> 00:24:41,451
Ngisanda ukugubha iminyaka engu-18.

207
00:24:41,451 --> 00:24:48,120
Kimina, bekuyoba yisikhathi sokuphuma,
sokuhlangana nabangane nokujabulela inkululeko yami.

208
00:24:48,120 --> 00:24:51,273
Kodwa ngangiboshwe embhedeni.

209
00:24:51,273 --> 00:24:54,648
Abangane bathi sala kahle ngokulandelana.

210
00:24:54,648 --> 00:25:02,408
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubuhlungu kakhulu kimi, kodwa ngakolunye
uhlangothi, kufanele wenzeni nomuntu ohlala nje ekhaya?

211
00:25:02,408 --> 00:25:06,135
Angikwazi ukuzichazela yonke le nselelo elandelayo.

212
00:25:06,135 --> 00:25:08,593
Kuzodlula lesi sikhathi.

213
00:25:08,593 --> 00:25:12,197
Ngizochaza ngamazwi angukhiye.

214
00:25:12,197 --> 00:25:15,619
I-acupuncture yangibuyisela ezinyaweni zami.

215
00:25:15,619 --> 00:25:17,860
Ngiphinda unyaka esikoleni.

216
00:25:17,860 --> 00:25:23,150
Ngizoya ohambweni amabili amafushane, eParis naseRoma. Hureyi!

217
00:25:23,150 --> 00:25:29,096
Kodwa ngoSepthemba 2022... Ukukhathala okunzima kuyangenela.

218
00:25:29,096 --> 00:25:31,330
Ukuphinda wehla kuqala.

219
00:25:31,330 --> 00:25:33,486
Angikwazi ukuya futhi.

220
00:25:33,486 --> 00:25:37,273
Ngizama ukuphinda ikilasi. Akusebenzi.

221
00:25:37,273 --> 00:25:39,391
Ukushintsha izinhlobo zezikole, kulungile.

222
00:25:39,391 --> 00:25:40,953
Akusekho ikholeji lezifundo eziphakeme.

223
00:25:40,953 --> 00:25:42,740
Kodwa ukushintsha kuhle.

224
00:25:42,740 --> 00:25:48,462
Ngizothola izibambo ukuze ngikwazi ukuya
esikoleni ngisho nasezinsukwini ezimbi.

225
00:25:48,462 --> 00:25:54,174
Isiqala isikhathi sokuphindaphinda
kwalezo ezibizwa ngokuthi ukuphinda kugule.

226
00:25:54,174 --> 00:25:58,720
Izibambo azisangisizi ngoba
sengikhathele kakhulu ukuze ngizisebenzise.

227
00:25:58,720 --> 00:26:04,727
Kumele ngamukele lokho
engangingakufuni nhlobo: isihlalo esinamavili.

228
00:26:04,727 --> 00:26:06,965
Kodwa ngiyakwazi ukuya esikoleni.

229
00:26:06,965 --> 00:26:10,987
Khona-ke ngangiphila ohlelweni oluthile lokuphindaphinda.

230
00:26:10,987 --> 00:26:14,404
Manje sengifunde ukuphila nalezi zokuphindaphinda.

231
00:26:14,404 --> 00:26:20,075
Kusukela ngalelo langa ngoJanuwari 2022,
impilo yami ibe sengathi iyirola-kosteri:

232
00:26:20,075 --> 00:26:26,948
Ukuphinda wehla, ukumisa, ukuphinda wehla
okungaphelele, ukumisa, ukuphinda wehla okukhulu, ukumisa.

233
00:26:26,948 --> 00:26:31,335
Akulula. Kodwa ngiyakwazi ukukwenza. Ngifuna ukukwenza.

234
00:26:31,335 --> 00:26:33,862
Nginephupho eziningi.

235
00:26:33,862 --> 00:26:40,086
Phakathi nale minyaka emibili, bengihlale ngigxile
kakhulu entweni engase ibonakale ingabalulekile.

236
00:26:40,086 --> 00:26:42,134
Angizange ngazi ukuthi nganginalo ini.

237
00:26:42,134 --> 00:26:43,959
Akekho owaziyo.

238
00:26:43,959 --> 00:26:50,290
Ngiyakhumbula usuku lapho umama wami ethola
ku-inthanethi ukuthi isifo sami esingenaleli gama sasinalo igama

239
00:26:50,290 --> 00:26:53,880
ekugcineni: i-Post-Vac Syndrome, i-Post-Vac Syndrome.

240
00:26:53,880 --> 00:26:58,335
Manje ngiyakwazi ukuhleka ngalokho.
Ngoba empeleni akuyona igama lesifo.

241
00:26:58,335 --> 00:27:00,020
Kodwa ngangijabule.

242
00:27:00,020 --> 00:27:02,638
Manje sengiyazi ukuthi kwakubaluleke kangakanani kimi.

243
00:27:02,638 --> 00:27:08,300
Ngoba othile wangibona
ngokuzumayo. Futhi isimo sami sasinesibizo.

244
00:27:08,300 --> 00:27:11,537
Ngoba ngabelane nabanye ngesifo sami.

245
00:27:11,537 --> 00:27:13,312
Angisekho ngedwa.

246
00:27:13,312 --> 00:27:15,946
Futhi kwakukhulula.

247
00:27:15,946 --> 00:27:23,319
Ngemva kokuhlolwa okuningi, okwagcina njalo kusho
ukuthi "konke kujwayelekile," ekugcineni ngithole ukuxilongwa

248
00:27:23,319 --> 00:27:27,934
okubili: i-small fibre neuropathy nesifo sokukhathala.

249
00:27:27,934 --> 00:27:34,200
Kulo hambo olude, angikaze ngibe
nezipiliyoni ezimbi kuphela ngokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

250
00:27:34,200 --> 00:27:36,580
Odokotela abambalwa benza izinqumo ngokuqinile.

251
00:27:36,580 --> 00:27:41,752
Ungisizile ukuthi ngenze intuthuko encane,
futhi ngiyakubonga ngokujulile enhliziyweni yami.

252
00:27:41,752 --> 00:27:43,873
Ngisaseshashalazini.

253
00:27:43,873 --> 00:27:45,780
Akukapheli.

254
00:27:45,780 --> 00:27:47,700
Kodwa manje sekuyisicaba.

255
00:27:47,700 --> 00:27:49,003
Ngiyethemba ukuthi kuzohlala kunjalo.

256
00:27:49,003 --> 00:27:53,264
Futhi ngithemba ukuthi ngelinye ilanga
ngizokwazi ukuphuma ngokuphelele kule rollercoaster.

257
00:27:53,264 --> 00:27:58,699
Kuzoba kuhle ukuma phansi ngemilenze yami esebenzayo.

258
00:27:58,699 --> 00:28:00,730
Qhubeka nocwaningo!

259
00:28:00,730 --> 00:28:08,476
Sonke sidinga umbono. Futhi ngiyakudinga. Ngiyabonga.

260
00:28:11,867 --> 00:28:17,098
Inhlangano ye-MWGFD iye yenza ezinye izingxoxo ezimangalisayo
nezithinta inhliziyo nabantu abalimele

261
00:28:17,098 --> 00:28:22,273
ngemijovo ye-mRNA ochungechungeni olubizwa
ngokuthi "abagonyiwe, balimele, banqatshelwe".

262
00:28:22,273 --> 00:28:25,740
Ungazithola lezi ngaphansi kwesixhumanisi esiboniswe.

263
00:28:25,740 --> 00:28:32,285
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-mRNA buzophinde bungezwe kwezinye
izitozo – noma, ngokunembile, ekwelashweni kwezofuzo

264
00:28:32,285 --> 00:28:39,118
– kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa umphakathi ngale mibiko
emangalisayo yokulimala okubangelwa umuthi wokugoma.

265
00:28:39,118 --> 00:28:42,797
Sicela uzizwe ukhululekile ukwabelana ngalezi zingxoxo.

266
00:28:42,797 --> 00:28:50,087
Ungasiza futhi ukuveza ububanzi bomonakalo
obubangelwa yimijovo ye-mRNA ngokubika noma yimuphi

267
00:28:50,087 --> 00:28:54,120
umonakalo wemijovo endaweni yakho ku-vetopedia.org.