WEBVTT

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Akukho siphiwo sinye esinegalelo
elingaka eluntwini lwethu njengomhlaza.

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Ngokuqinisekileyo wonke umntu uyamazi umntu
okufutshane naye owakhe waba nomhlaza okanye owafa ngenxa yawo.

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Ngo-2018 kuphela, phambi kobhubhane
we-coronavirus, kwabakho izigulana ezitsha

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ezizizigidi ezili-18 ezinomhlaza kwihlabathi jikelele.

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EGermany, umhlaza ubengunobangela
wesibini ophambili wokufa ngo-2022.

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Iinkcukacha-manani zeminyaka eli-10
edlulileyo zibonisa ukunyuka kwezinga lokusweleka

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ngenxa yomhlaza, ngokunyuka nge-1.5 pesenti.

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Ngo-2019, iphephandaba iSüdkurier yaphosa
isihloko esithi: "I-120 yeebhiliyoni zee-euro

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kuphando: Kutheni i-EU ngoku ivula imfazwe kumhlaza."

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Ngenxa yoko, inkcitho yophando iza kwandiswa nge-£120
yeebhiliyoni ezongezelelweyo phakathi kuka-2021 no-2027.

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Imali eninzi kakhulu ibisoloko ifakwa kuphando lomhlaza.

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Kodwa kutheni kungekho nkqubela
iphawulekayo ekulweni nomhlaza ukuza kuthi ga ngoku?

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Masiqale ngokujonga ngokufutshane imbali yophando
lomhlaza kwiminyaka engaphezu kwe-100 eyadlulayo.

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Inye.

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Imbali yophando lomhlaza

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Malunga nonyaka ka-1900, kwafunyanwa iintsholongwane
ezininzi ezibangela izifo ezahlukeneyo ezosulelayo.

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Nakwimeko yomhlaza, abaphandi
baqala ngokufuna ukuchonga ipathogen.

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Iziphumo zophando lweeNjingalwazi uRobert Koch
noM. Newjadomskij zibe luncedo kakhulu ekuqondeni.

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Bobabini bafumanisa ngokuzimeleyo ukuba iiseli
zomhlaza wamathumba zahlukile kwizicwili eziqhelekileyo.

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Zibonakalisa iindlela zokuziphatha ezingaziwa
ukuba zenzeka kwiiseli zomzimba eziqhelekileyo.

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Umzekelo, zibonakalisa ukukhula okungathi
akunamda, zihamba "njenge-amoeba" kwaye zenza imijelo

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yomhlaza kwiindawo ezahluke ngokupheleleyo zomzimba.

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Ngenxa yoko, uKoch noNewjadomskij bagqibe kwelokuba
umhlaza ubangelwa zizintsholongwane ezincinci

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kakhulu, oko kukuthi, iintsholongwane ezibangela izifo.

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Abanye abaphandi, nangona kunjalo, bachaze ukuba ukwanda komhlaza
kuvela kwisizathu 'esingenamphefumlo', umzekelo, ngokusebenzisa

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izinto ezivuselelayo ezichaphazela iiseli zomzimba.

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Ngokwale nto, iseli yomhlaza siseli esiguqukileyo,
oko kukuthi esonakeleyo, eveliswe ngumzimba ngokwawo.

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Emva kwengxoxo-mpikiswano ebukhali,
yaphumelela ithiyori yeseli egqithakeleyo.

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I-onkoloji yanamhlanje isekelwe kule "degeneration".

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Uphando lwesifo lwarhoxiswa ngokusesikweni.
Iziphumo zophando ezingezinye azisafuneki.

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Kude kube ngoku, uphando olusesikweni lomhlaza
luphumelele ekungahoyeni iziphumo zophando

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"olunye" okanye ekulweni nabaphandi abangathandekiyo.

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Ngoko ke, nantsi isishwankathelo esifutshane
seziphumo zophando onokuba awuzange uve ngazo ngaphambili.

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Mbini.

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Iziphumo zophando ezingafaniyo

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Gqr. Alfons Weber

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Ngo-1967, ingcali yomhlaza yaseJamani nomphandi weeseli
uGqr. Alfons Weber wapapasha iziphumo zophando lwakhe.

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Ngokwale nto, uyakwazi ukufumana
iintsholongwane ezincinci kuye nawuphi na umthambo wethumba.

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UGqr. Alfons Weber wayeqinisekile ukuba akukho nanye yeendlela
zonyango lomhlaza ezivunyiweyo ngokusesikweni enokunceda.

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Iseli yetishu ihlaselwa endaweni
yezinambuzane ezincinci ezibangela umhlaza.

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Ubungqina bakhe bophando baphoswa ngawongamileyo.

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Zizinto ezenziweyo, amaqamza amanzi okanye izakhiwo
ezenziweyo, okanye kwanokuba zizibonakaliso zomntu ophambeneyo.

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Indlela yakhe eyimpumelelo yokunyanga umhlaza
ngokusebenzisa amayeza omalariya yakhokelela kwiminyaka

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yamatyala enkundla nokurhoxiswa kwelayisensi yakhe yobugqirha.

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Ngo-1972, wangeniswa kwisibhedlele sabagula
ngengqondo, nangona wayengenalo isifo sengqondo esingqiniweyo.

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Gqr. Helmut Keller, eJamani

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Ukususela ngo-1972 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uKeller
uphathile iintlobo ezithile zamathumba

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ngempumelelo enkulu ngesicatshulwa esivela kwi-Venus flytrap.

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Imveliso yakhe i-"Carnivora" yafumana imvume
yokwethutyana eJamani yaza yathandwa kakhulu ngabaguli.

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Ingozi kushishino lwamachiza.

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Ngenxa yoko, i-Ofisi yezeMpilo kaRhulumente
yaphoqeleka ukuba iphinde ivale le dawa intsha ngo-1986.

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Ngenxa yokuba uGqirha Keller waqhubeka nokunyanga izigulane
zakhe ngeCarnivora, wahlawuliswa iimaki zaseJamani ezili-10,000.

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Tamara Lebedeva

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Ngo-1989, ikhemisti nomcwaningi wezinto
eziphilayo ezincinci waseRashiya wamchonga umrhumo

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wakudala iTrichomonas njengunobangela womhlaza.

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Ngokwamava akho, kumntu ongyo nongangumbonisi-zifo
womhlaza, iiflagellates zingabonakala ngathi zizicubu zomhlaza.

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Iitrichomonas zingamagqwirha obuqhophololo.

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Umzekelo, banokuguqula imilo yabo ende, enezintambo
neeflegela, ibe yimilo engqukuva efana kakhulu neeseli zomntu.

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Kwimo yazo efana ne-amoeba, zenza
iikoloni kwaye zizigqume njengoko kufuneka.

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ULebedeva wamkela
i-trichomoniasis njengesigaba sokuqala somhlaza.

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Imizamo yabo yokutsala umdla woluntu
kwezi ziphumo zophando ayiphumelelanga.

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Lebedeva: "Ulonke uhlahlo, yonke imibuzo eya kwiSebe
lezeMpilo okanye kwamanye amaziko akwinkonzo yezempilo

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ithunyelwa kwakhona kwiZiko leSizwe le-Oncology eMoscow,"

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kwaye kulapho ke kuvela impendulo egwebayo ngalo lonke ixesha
yokuba olu funyaniso alufanelanga umgudu wokuphanda ngalo.

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Ababukeli abathandekayo: Iziphumo
zophando eziboniswe apha zimele ezinye ezininzi.

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Kutheni zifihlwe elubala?

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Ngubani onomdla wokucinezela, wokuchwasa, kwanokwenza ibe
lulwaphulo-mthetho uphando lwenye indlela yokunyanga umhlaza?

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Apha ngezantsi, sibonisa indlela amaqela athile abantu
abazizityebi abayithimba ngayo inkqubo yezempilo ukuze bazincede.

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Thathu.

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Uguquko lwenkqubo yezempilo

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Masijikele kusapho olwangena emlandweni
njengabancedi abakhulu, olwaziwa njengeziboneleli:

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Usapho lwaseMelika lakwaRockefeller.

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Malunga nonyaka ka-1880, uRockefeller Sr.
wayelawula i-90% yentengiso iyonke ye-oyile yase-US.

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Malunga nonyaka ka-1900, izazinzulu zafumanisa "ipetrochemistry",
oko kukuthi, imveliso yeekhemikhali kwi-oyile ekrwada.

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Baqala ukuvelisa izithako ezisebenzayo
ezisuka kwizityalo ngendlela yobunjineli.

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Ezi zinto zinokufumana ilungelo elilodwa
lomenzi kwaye zithengiswe ngenzuzo enkulu.

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Icebo likaRockefeller yayikukudala
imakethi yeemveliso zonyango ezineekhemikhali.

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Noko ke, ukukhetha kwabantu baseMelika
amayeza endalo nawokhula kwamthintela.

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Phantse isiqingatha sezonyango nezikolo zonyango eUnited States
nazo bezisebenzisa unyango olubandakanya yonke impilo yomntu.

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URockefeller Sr. wakwazi njani ukoyisa icandelo lezonyango?

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Ingxelo kaFlexner

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Uqabane likaRockefeller "kuzo iintengiselwano
zoshishino ezinezimali" ebesoloko enguAndrew Carnegie.

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Bobabini babengabaxhasi abaqinileyo be-eugenics.

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Abaxhasi be-eugenics bazimisele kulawulo lwabemi
nasekuthintelweni kwezo kubizwa ngokuba "ziinxalenye

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zabemi ezisezantsi", umzekelo, ngokugqunywa ngenkani.

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U-Andrew Carnegie waqokelela ubutyebi obukhulu kwishishini
lentsimbi waza wazibonakalisa kwangoko njengomntu

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"onobubele obukhulu" ngeminikelo yakhe enesisa nokuseka amaziko.

07:50.040 --> 07:57.920
Umzekelo, ngo-1905 uCarnegie waseka
i-Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.

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Ukuze kuphunyezwe isicwangciso sikaRockefeller, iCarnegie
Foundation yaqesha ingcali yezimvo zemfundo uAbraham

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Flexner ukuba enze uphando ngemfundo yezonyango yaseMelika.

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U-Flexner wapapasha iziphumo zakhe ngo-1910
kwinto eyathi yaziwa njengeNgxelo kaFlexner.

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Le ngxelo yabeka icandelo lezonyango kwindlela
uRockefeller awayeyinqwenela – nto leyo eyaba

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neziphumo ezibanzi kuqeqesho lweengcali zezonyango.

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Ngamafutshane, ezi yayizezi:

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Zonke izikolo ezazingafundisi ngokwe "khemistri
yamachiza", oko kukuthi "unyango lwenzululwazi", zalahlekelwa

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lulungelo lwazo lokufundisa kunye nayo yonke inkxaso-mali.

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Kuzo zonke izikolo zonyango eziyi-155 ezazikhe zakho
eUnited States naseCanada, zayi-66 kuphela ezazisele ngo-1935.

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Izikolo zonyango eziseleyo zalahlekelwa kukuzimela kwazo.

08:49.920 --> 08:57.724
Indlela yokujonga impilo ngokubanzi kunye nonyango lokuthintela
izifo ziye zanyamalala kakhulu ekufundiseni nasekuqeqesheni.

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Amachiza asekelwe kwiikhemikhali
anyuselwe kwinqanaba lwenzululwazi.

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AmaMelika ayephenjelelwe sisilogeni
esithi "ipilisi enye kuso sonke isifo".

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Amayeza endalo ayehlaziswe.

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Kwiminyaka emibini nje kamva, yonke
loo nto yaphindwa kwakhona eYurophu.

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– neziphumo ezifanayo.

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Ukuphunyezwa koLuntu lweFlexner

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INgxelo kaFlexner yaphunyezwa yiBhodi
yeMfundo Jikelele kaJohn D. Rockefeller Senior.

09:30.530 --> 09:34.717
I-GEB sisiseko asisungule ngo-1902.

09:34.717 --> 09:39.960
Le mali yasasazwa kwiikholeji,
kwiiyunivesithi nakwizikolo zonyango.

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Kwakufanele ukuba bancedise 'ukulungiswa ngokutsha'
ngokungqinelana neminqweno yosapho lakwaRockefeller.

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Obandakanyekayo kananjalo: Abraham Flexner.

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Wajoyina i-GEB njengosekela-nobhala ngowe-1912.

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Flexner:

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Phakathi kuka-1919 no-1928, iBhodi yeMfundo Jikelele yaba
negalelo ngokuthe ngqo nangokungathanga ngqo

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isiqingatha sebhiliyoni yezidola okanye ngaphezulu
kwizibonelelo-mali nezibambiso zemfundo yezonyango yaseMelika.

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Oko kuyalingana nexabiso langoku leedola
eziyi-9.1 seebhiliyoni elingekho kwaphela elobuzalwana!

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Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini emva kokusekwa
kweBhodi yeMfundo Jikelele, uJohn D.

10:23.008 --> 10:26.840
Rockefeller Jr. waseka iBhodi yeMfundo yaMazwe ngaMazwe.

10:26.840 --> 10:33.325
Ukongeza kumaziko, i-IEB ikwaxhasa
izazinzulu ezizimeleyo kwinqanaba lamazwe ngamazwe.

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Iphathe amakhulu ezibonelelo-mali zokufunda kunye
nenkxaso-mali kwimibutho kumazwe angama-39 awohlukeneyo.

10:40.448 --> 10:46.780
Lilonke, uRockefeller Jr. wafaka isandla
ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-21 zeedola kwi-IEB.

10:46.780 --> 10:51.640
Oko kulingana nexabiso lezigidi ezingama-376 zeedola namhlanje.

10:51.640 --> 11:01.089
Ngo-1938, iRockefeller Foundation yathatha iimbopheleleko
zeBhodi yeMfundo yeHlabathi yaza yaqhubeka nokuziphumeza.

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Ezinye iziseko ezasekwa ngamaRockefeller

11:06.134 --> 11:12.066
Njengoko ubona, uJohn D. Rockefeller Sr.
wayengumntu ocwangcisayo owayengazange "azise imfundo

11:12.066 --> 11:15.534
yezonyango kwixesha langoku" ngenxa yobubele obumsulwa.

11:15.534 --> 11:19.630
Kaloku, wayesele engusozigidi we-oyile kwaye
engoyena mntu usisityebi ehlabathini ngelo xesha

11:19.630 --> 11:22.329
ngenxa yeendlela zokurhweba ezingekho sikweni.

11:22.329 --> 11:26.040
Wayesoloko esebenzisa imali yakhe ngobuchule ukuze andise inzuzo.

11:26.040 --> 11:36.065
Ngokuhlengahlengisa imfundo yezonyango nonyango,
wadala imakethi enkulu yeemveliso zonyango eziikhemikhali.

11:36.065 --> 11:39.870
Kwangaxeshanye, wayenempembelelo enkulu kuphando lwenzululwazi.

11:39.870 --> 11:44.299
Ngenxa yale nto, oRockefeller baseka iiyunivesithi
ezinempembelelo, isibhedlele sophando

11:44.299 --> 11:50.604
esibaluleke kakhulu kunye nesikolo sezonyango
esikumgangatho ophezulu, phakathi kwezinye izinto:

11:50.604 --> 11:58.069
1901, ukusekwa kweRockefeller Institute for
Medical Research, ngoku iRockefeller University.

11:58.069 --> 12:02.396
iziko lophando lwe-biomedical elizimeleyo

12:02.396 --> 12:10.454
1910, Ukusekwa kweSibhedlele seYunivesithi
saseRockefeller, isibhedlele sokuqala sophando eUnited States.

12:10.454 --> 12:13.782
Kwenzelwa apho izifundo ezixhaswa ngemali yabucala.

12:13.782 --> 12:20.656
Ingxaki yeyokuba ezi zinto zihlala
zikhokelela kwisiphumo esilungele umxhasi.

12:20.656 --> 12:27.098
1910, Ukusekwa kweSikolo seMpilo
yoLuntu iJohns Hopkins Bloomberg.

12:27.098 --> 12:33.690
Ungafumana ulwazi oluthe vetshe malunga nempembelelo
nonxibelelwano losapho lonke lakwaRockefeller kwinkqubo ethi

12:33.690 --> 12:37.610
"The Rockefeller Dynasty: One Step Ahead of World Events?"

12:37.610 --> 12:48.791
Okulandelayo, sijonga ngokusondeleyo uRockefeller Jr. kunye
nefuthe lakhe kumbutho wezempilo i-American Cancer Society.

12:48.791 --> 12:49.865
Mine.

12:49.865 --> 12:55.213
URockefeller uxhasa ngeimali i-American Cancer Society.

12:55.213 --> 13:00.969
Ngo-1913, kwasekwa i-American Society for the
Control of Cancer, ngoku eyaziwa nje

13:00.969 --> 13:06.141
njenge-American Cancer Society, okanye i-ACS ngokufutshane.

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Iwebhusayithi i-linkedin.com ide idwelise
uRockefeller Jr. njengumsunguli we-ACS.

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Ngokwenkcazelo yayo, ngumbutho wempilo wobuzithandela
osekelwe eluntwini, osebenza ngaphaya kwemida yengingqi,

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ozinikele ekupheliseni umhlaza njengengxaki enkulu yezempilo.

13:28.520 --> 13:34.511
Kodwa yintoni inyaniso, nangona kukho
uhlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwezigidi zeeponti?

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Masijonge kumanani:

13:37.097 --> 13:45.195
Ngo-1913, abantu abangama-75,000 kwabamalunga nezigidi
ezingama-96 base-United States basweleka ngenxa yomhlaza.

13:45.195 --> 13:51.585
Oku kukhokelela kwizinga lokusweleka
elingama-78 kubantu abali-100,000.

13:51.585 --> 13:58.564
Namhlanje, malunga namaMelika angama-606,000
ayasweleka ngenxa yomhlaza nyaka ngamnye

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kubantu abangama-338 ezigidi (ukusukela ngo-2022).

14:04.091 --> 14:10.080
Izinga lokusweleka lingama-179 kwabali-100,000.

14:10.080 --> 14:20.359
Emva kweminyaka eyi-110 yokusebenza kwe-ACS, izinga lokusweleka
ngenxa yomhlaza e-United States liphindwe kabini nangaphezulu.

14:20.359 --> 14:26.276
Incwadi eneenkcukacha ethi Murder by Injection
ka-E. Mullins, eyapapashwa ngo-1988, ichaza

14:26.276 --> 14:29.780
ukuba ngabaphi abalawuli beebhanki ababengasemva kwe

14:29.780 --> 14:36.455
iCancer Society kunye nabo iingxowa-mali
zomhlaza zaphinda zangena kwiipokotho zabo:

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Abagxeki baqaphele ngo-1976 ukuba ubuncinci amalungu
alishumi elinesibhozo ebhodi yabalawuli yoMbutho

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waseMelika woMhlaza ayengabaphathi abaphezulu kwiibhanki.

14:48.867 --> 14:57.117
(...) Isithethi se-ACS sivumile ukuba i-70%
yohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali lwabo lwophando ngo-1976 yaya "kubantu

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okanye kumaziko" ababenxulumene namalungu ebhodi yawo.

15:04.041 --> 15:04.982
Isihlanu.

15:04.982 --> 15:07.769
I-Chemotherapy

15:09.400 --> 15:14.649
Ngokusekwa kweRockefeller Institute
neSibhedlele, usapho lakwaRockefeller lwakwazi ukuba

15:14.649 --> 15:17.760
nefuthe elithe ngqo kuphando lwezokwelapha.

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Ngokutolika nje iziphumo zophando, uphando
lunokukhokelwa kwicala elithile elinqwenelekayo.

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Namhlanje, i-chemotherapy yeyona
ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokunyanga umhlaza.

15:29.040 --> 15:32.088
Oku kwaqala ngexesha leMfazwe yesiBini yeHlabathi.

15:32.088 --> 15:37.468
Ngo-1942, kwenziwa uphando kwilabhoratri yeSikolo
soNyango saseYale malunga nesiphumo segesi

15:37.468 --> 15:40.720
yomphunga, isixhobo sokulwa sekemikhali, kwi-lymphomas.

15:40.720 --> 15:45.720
Igesi yomastadi yaqala ukusetyenziswa njengegesi
ebulalayo ngexesha leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi.

15:45.720 --> 15:52.054
Owona mvelisi mkhulu wehlabathi weegesi eziyityhefu
yayinguFrederick Zinsser, umJamani-Mmerika nowayengumkhwekazi

15:52.054 --> 15:56.264
kaMongameli weBhanki yeHlabathi uJohn J. McCloy.

15:56.264 --> 16:01.678
UFrederick Zinsser wafunda indlela yokuvelisa igesi
ebulalayo eHeidelberg waza waba sisityebi eMelika ngenxa yoko.

16:01.678 --> 16:06.876
UMcCloy waqala ukuzisa izazinzulu zaseJamani ezingamaNazi
eziziingcali kwezixhobo zekhemikhali nezobhayoloji eUnited

16:06.876 --> 16:10.155
States, esisebenza njengoSekela Mphathiswa weMfazwe wase-US.

16:10.155 --> 16:15.896
Kunjalo ke nakwizazi zezixhobo
zebhayoloji zaseJapan ezivela kwi-UNIT 731.

16:15.896 --> 16:25.900
UMcCloy wafika eJamani ngo-1949 enamagunya obuzwilakhe waza
wenza umlamu wakhe uKonrad Adenauer waba nguTshansela wokuqala.

16:25.900 --> 16:29.499
Phantsi kwamaNazi naphantsi kuka-Adenauer,
iHeidelberg yahlala iyiziko lophando

16:29.499 --> 16:32.320
lwaseJamani ngezixhobo zekhemikhali nezobhayoloji.

16:32.320 --> 16:36.160
IZiko loPhando ngeMhlaza laseJamani (DKFZ) liseHeidelberg.

16:36.160 --> 16:37.792
Kodwa masibuyele e-USA:

16:37.792 --> 16:48.884
Ngo-1957, isigulana sokuqala somhlaza sayinyangwa
nge-chemotherapy kwi-National Cancer Institute (NCI).

16:48.884 --> 16:54.280
Njengoko wonke umntu esazi, i-chemotherapy
enikwa namhlanje ineziphumo ezibi kakhulu.

16:54.280 --> 16:58.532
Nantsi into etyhilwa yindaba yezoshishino
yaseJamani iDeutsche Wirtschaftsnachrichten, icaphula:

16:58.532 --> 17:03.794
I-Chemotherapy ihlawulelwa ziinkampani
ze-inshorensi yezempilo, kwaye ishishini lamachiza lixhasa

17:03.794 --> 17:07.442
izifundo zokukhuthaza ukuthengiswa kwe-chemotherapy.

17:07.442 --> 17:16.269
(…) Amaxesha amaninzi, i-chemotherapy ayimanga
ngesigulana, kodwa imalunga nemali eninzi kakhulu enokwenziwa.

17:16.269 --> 17:21.858
I-Chemotherapy ixabisa umyinge we-€10,000 ukuya kwi-€20,000
kunyango ngalunye, imali ebuyiswa ziinkampani

17:21.858 --> 17:27.772
ze-inshorensi yezempilo kwiigalelo ezisoloko
zinyuka ezihlawulwa ngababhalisi kubavelisi bamachiza.

17:27.772 --> 17:32.580
Ngoko ke i-Chemotherapy yenza
inzuzo enkulu kwishishini lamachiza.

17:32.580 --> 17:42.240
Okwangoku, akufanelanga kuphikiswe ukuba i-chemotherapy ifumene
impumelelo ethile kunyango lomhlaza kwaye isindise ubomi babantu.

17:42.240 --> 17:44.722
Kodwa oku kwenzeka ngexabiso elingakanani?

17:44.722 --> 17:52.460
Kutheni iziphumo zophando olwahlukileyo kunye
neendlela zonyango ezahlukileyo zisacinezelwa ngamandla?

17:52.460 --> 17:58.647
Luphi ulungelo lophando olusemthethweni lomhlaza lokucinezela
kakhulu ezinye iindlela zonyango endaweni ye-chemotherapy?

17:58.647 --> 18:03.460
Kwaye kutheni singeva nto ngento yokuba
umhlaza phantse awukho eMalaysia kuba abantu

18:03.460 --> 18:07.007
balapho besitya isiqhamo ekuthiwa siwulwa nomhlaza?

18:07.007 --> 18:09.653
Okanye umzekelo osuka kumayeza aseRashiya:

18:09.653 --> 18:15.215
Ugqirha wengqondo nomculi onabantu abaninzi abamchazayo,
uSara Bennet, unika ingxelo yokuba koogqirha abaninzi

18:15.215 --> 18:19.032
baseRashiya, umhlaza awunabungakanani ngaphezu kwentlungu.

18:19.032 --> 18:24.968
Kutheni singaviwani nto ngamayeza aseRashiya, lawo
ngoku enza inkqubela phambili enkulu kunyango lomhlaza?

18:24.968 --> 18:30.264
Kutheni ezo zangqa zifumana iziphumo ezibi
kangaka ngeendlela zazo zonyango zisithi

18:30.264 --> 18:34.332
Izinga lokusweleka ngenxa yomhlaza lonyuke
ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini emva kweminyaka eyi-110,

18:34.332 --> 18:39.019
zonke ezinye iindlela zitshixiwe ngokungqongqo?

18:39.019 --> 18:40.047
Isithandathu.

18:40.047 --> 18:44.698
Iinkampani ezinkulu zamachiza: Iimaski ziyasuswa

18:44.698 --> 18:51.272
Ubusazi na ukuba ngoNovemba 2023, kwaziswa
umthetho osayilwayo eFrance "ukomeleza idabi lokulwa

18:51.272 --> 18:57.868
"inkqubela eyingozi yamacala" kwaye
ngoku isemngciphekweni wokwenziwa umthetho?

18:57.868 --> 19:04.384
Ngokujonga nje, oku kutyhila indlela iBig Pharma
elutshikilela ngayo ukugcina ulawulo kwimarike yezonyango.

19:04.384 --> 19:07.082
Umbhalo womthetho ufunda ngolu hlobo:

19:07.082 --> 19:15.664
Isicelo sokuyeka okanye ukuzibamba kunyango
lwezonyango olunyangayo okanye oluthintela isigulo, sihlaziswa

19:15.664 --> 19:19.964
ngokubanjwa unyaka omnye kunye nesohlwayo se-€15,000.

19:19.964 --> 19:26.062
(…) Izohlwayo ezifanayo ziya kusebenza
kukhuthazo lwezenzo eziboniswa njengezonyango

19:26.062 --> 19:29.984
okanye ezokuthintela kubantu abachaphazelekayo.

19:29.984 --> 19:36.050
nangona kucacile, ngokwolwazi lwezonyango
lwangoku, ukuba ezi zenzo zibabeka

19:36.050 --> 19:41.005
emngciphekweni okhawulezileyo wokufa okanye wokwenzakala,

19:41.005 --> 19:45.700
nto leyo enokubangela ukonakala okusisigxina okanye ukukhubazeka.

19:45.700 --> 19:52.225
Ukuba inkxaso-mthetho ekhankanywe kwizihlomelo ezimbini zokuqala
yenziwe, izohlwayo ziya kwandiswa zibe

19:52.225 --> 19:59.843
yiminyaka emithathu yokuvalelwa entolongweni
nesohlwayo semali esingange-45,000 yee-euro.

19:59.843 --> 20:04.289
Umthetho omtsha uthethelelwa ngala mazwi alandelayo:

20:04.289 --> 20:10.614
Ngenxa yomdla woluntu kwiindlela
zonyango ezingangqiniswanga ngokwenzululwazi,

20:10.614 --> 20:16.678
ukufunwa kokuphila kakuhle nophuhliso
lobuqu ngenxa yokwanda kwezifundo zoqeqesho,

20:16.678 --> 20:19.397
ezingakhawuleli izidanga ezamkelweyo ngurhulumente welizwe

20:19.397 --> 20:27.421
Izigulana zinokuxhatshazwa okanye zibekwe phantsi kokuxhatshazwa
ngenjongo yokunyanga, ingakumbi okunxulumene neenkolo.

20:27.421 --> 20:31.260
Iphephandaba laseFransi i-L'Express longeza:

20:31.260 --> 20:36.323
Oku kwanele ukuphendula kwiimeko ezininzi apho abantu,

20:36.323 --> 20:40.594
ababhekisa kwiinkqubo zobuqhetseba kunye
neendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango olungeyiyo

20:40.594 --> 20:45.268
olusemthethweni, njengokuyeka unyango lomhlaza, abacebisa."

20:45.268 --> 20:49.842
Inqaku elicacisayo liyacacisa iinjongo
zokwenene zowiso-mthetho waseFransi:

20:49.842 --> 20:55.480
Umthetho wenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ishishini
lamachiza liyakwazi ukuwandisa ngakumbi ulawulo lwalo.

20:55.480 --> 21:00.451
Nabani na ocetyisa unyango olwahlukileyo
olungangqinwanga ngokwenzululwazi okanye

21:00.451 --> 21:05.120
olungahambelaniyo 'nemeko yolwazi lwezonyango' kufuneka athulwe.

21:05.120 --> 21:08.288
Sele siyaziqhelanise nolu phumo kwiNgxelo kaFlexner.

21:08.288 --> 21:13.570
Umbuzo: Kutheni iinkampani ezinkulu zamachiza zifuna
ukuyalela, kwaye xa kuyimfuneko, zide zinyhashe ukuzikhethela

21:13.570 --> 21:16.417
kwabantu ngenjongo 'yokunyamekela impilontle yabo'?

21:16.417 --> 21:23.757
Ingaba kunokwenzeka ukuba yinto eyahluke
ngokupheleleyo 'kusapho nokuphila' kumntu wonke?

21:23.757 --> 21:25.046
Sixhenxe.

21:25.046 --> 21:29.597
Uphando ngezixhobo zobomi phantsi kwezizathu zobuxoki

21:29.597 --> 21:35.582
Kudliwanondlebe, ugqirha negosa uHeiko
Schöning utyhila ingqikelelo enomdla kakhulu:

21:35.582 --> 21:40.462
Uqhagamshela ngqo uphando lomhlaza
kuphando lwezixhobo zemfazwe eziphilayo.

21:40.462 --> 21:43.756
Ngoku bukela izicatshulwa ezimfutshane zenkqubo.

21:43.756 --> 21:47.440
Kodwa ngoku sikwixesha lezixhobo zebhayoloji.

21:47.440 --> 21:50.196
Olu phucuko lobuchwepheshe luyenzeka.

21:50.196 --> 21:58.486
Kwaye xa sibuyela umva apho, sibona ukuba, ewe, ngo-1972,
kwakukho ukuvalwa ngokusesikweni kwezixhobo zebhayoloji.

21:58.486 --> 22:03.435
Azivumelekanga ukuba zisetyenziswe,
ziveliswe okanye zigcinwe, konke konke.

22:03.435 --> 22:08.080
Okunika umdla kukuba, oku kwathotywa
nguMongameli waseMelika uRichard Nixon.

22:08.080 --> 22:13.979
Okukodwa okushicilelwe kakuhle kukuba uRichard
Nixon wayengoyena mqhathwa ubalaseleyo kwi-mafia

22:13.979 --> 22:17.308
yolwaphulo-mthetho olulungelelanisiweyo yehlabathi.

22:17.308 --> 22:20.800
Iqabane lakhe elisemthethweni lalikwa nguTricky Dick.

22:20.800 --> 22:27.320
Ewe, kwaye uNixon eneneni wazifihla waza wazibiza ngenye
indlela izixhobo zokukhulisa izifo eziqhutywa eUnited States.

22:27.320 --> 22:31.842
Enye yezona ndawo ziphambili yayiyiFort Detrick eUnited States.

22:31.842 --> 22:37.522
Kwathini ke ngabo bonke abo baphandi bezixhobo
zokutshabalalisa eziphilayo kunye nezakhiwo neziziko?

22:37.522 --> 22:39.877
Basandul' ukutshintshwa amagama. Bekukho uphawu olutsha.

22:39.877 --> 22:48.086
Kwaye uphawu lwalubhale luthu, NCI – iZiko leSizwe leMhlaza.

22:48.086 --> 22:50.065
Kufuneka uqonde loo nto ngokwenene.

22:50.065 --> 22:56.046
Abaphandi ababekhona nezakhiwo ezibekhona zihlala khona,
kwaye ngoku yayiyindaleko yophando lomhlaza ngokusesikweni.

22:56.046 --> 22:57.692
Ukuphumla okufutshane:

22:57.692 --> 23:02.477
"Ngethuba nje," ngexesha elinye lokuba kwabekwa ukuvalwa
kophando ngezixhobo zokutshabalalisa eziphilayo,

23:02.477 --> 23:05.862
kwapasisa umthetho weSizwe weMhlaza ngurhulumente waseMelika.

23:05.862 --> 23:12.940
UMongameli Nixon wathembisa izigidi ezisixhenxe
zeedola 'kumzabalazo wokulwa umhlaza' ngonyaka ka-1976.

23:12.940 --> 23:19.951
I-National Cancer Institute (NCI) yaba, ngephanyazo, yeyona
inkulu kwaye inefuthe kakhulu kuzo zonke iziko lezempilo lase-US

23:19.951 --> 23:23.774
– okanye, mandithi, "iziko zezixhobo zokubulala eziphilayo".

23:23.774 --> 23:25.363
Uqhubeka uSchöning:

23:25.363 --> 23:27.994
Zintoni izixhobo zebhayoloji?

23:27.994 --> 23:29.879
Ezi ziziyobisi zeeseli.

23:29.879 --> 23:32.613
Zintoni iinkqubo zonyango lomhlaza?

23:32.613 --> 23:34.060
Iityhefu zamangqameko

23:34.060 --> 23:39.420
Kwaye yintoni umahluko phakathi kovavanyo lwezixhobo
zemfazwe ezisebenzisa iintsholongwane nophando lomhlaza?

23:39.420 --> 23:42.833
Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubhala

23:42.833 --> 23:47.123
Kwaye yile nto kanye eyayenziwa nguNixon.

23:47.123 --> 23:50.764
Batshintshe nje uphawu eFort Detrick ukusuka ku
"Uphando ngezixhobo zokutshabalalisa

23:50.764 --> 23:54.112
eziphilayo" bayisa ku "Iziko leSizwe loPhando ngeMhlaza."

23:54.112 --> 23:56.910
Babukeli abathandekayo, into enye kufuneka icace kuthi:

23:56.910 --> 24:00.885
Izixhobo zebhayoloji zidla
ngokuyilelwa ukubulala ngokufihlakeleyo!

24:00.885 --> 24:07.762
Singalindela ntoni kwiziko lezixhobo zebhayoloji –
uxolo, kwiziko lophando lomhlaza – kwikamva elingekude?

24:07.762 --> 24:09.362
Uqhubeka uSchöning:

24:09.362 --> 24:15.430
Kwaye enye inkcaso, umzekelo, yayikukuba aba baphandi
bezixhobo zokubulala eziphilayo ngequbuliso bachitha

24:15.430 --> 24:19.110
amashumi eminyaka bephanda isitofu sokuthintela umhlaza.

24:19.110 --> 24:21.701
Loo nto ngoku ilityelwe kwakhona.

24:21.701 --> 24:29.077
Kwaye ngoku, ukuqhubela phambili kuloo nto, sivele namhlanje:
izitofu zokugonya ze-mRNA, ewe, eneneni

24:29.077 --> 24:36.454
ziinxalenye zonyango lwemfuza olusekuvavanyweni
nxamnye nomhlaza, ngoku ziyathengiswa kuthi.

24:36.454 --> 24:42.173
Nanko ke, emva kwentlekele yee-vaccine zeCovid
ezithi ziyi-mRNA, ngoku nee-vaccine zomhlaza

24:42.173 --> 24:46.129
eziyi-mRNA nazo ziza kuthengiswa eluntwini jikelele.

24:46.129 --> 24:50.000
Ulwaphulo-mthetho lokugonywa kwe-Covid
olunempembelelo ezitshabalalisayo, olufana

24:50.000 --> 24:52.998
nokuvela komhlaza okukhawulezayo, alukabhekisiswa.

24:52.998 --> 25:00.153
Kwinkqubo yayo ethi "Uqhushumbo lomhlaza we-turbo emva kwesitofu
se-coronavirus", i-Kla.TV icacisile unxulumano phakathi kwesitofu

25:00.153 --> 25:04.140
se-mRNA kunye neetumor ezikhula ngesantya esigqithisileyo.

25:04.140 --> 25:07.851
Kwaye ngoku zifumaneka izitofu ezitsha ze-mRNA.

25:07.851 --> 25:15.595
Ngoko ke, akumangalisi nokuba ukuthemba kwabantu
kumayeza aqhutywa ziinkampani zamachiza kuyehla ngokukhawuleza!

25:15.595 --> 25:17.772
Isiphelo:

25:19.712 --> 25:21.066
Inkota yezibini

25:21.066 --> 25:26.664
Abantu abangenamfezeko, abangxamele imali namagunya,
abanjengoRockefeller & Co., babeke iziseko zeshishini

25:26.664 --> 25:30.312
lamayeza lanamhlanje kunye nenkqubo yethu yezempilo.

25:30.312 --> 25:31.535
Mbini.

25:31.535 --> 25:38.540
Ukususela ekuqaleni, bejolise ekufumaneni ulawulo
olupheleleyo phezu koqeqesho lwezonyango kunye nesayensi.

25:38.540 --> 25:40.102
Thathu.

25:40.102 --> 25:47.665
Ukususela ekuqaleni, uphando oluzimeleyo nalo
luye lwachaswa ngamandla, nokuba luthembisa.

25:47.665 --> 25:49.180
Mine.

25:49.180 --> 25:55.523
Umfanekiso wokuba ngabancedi wezibonelelo nemibutho eqhutywa
ngabantu abazizityebi ezigqithisileyo usetyenziselwa ukufihla

25:55.523 --> 25:59.884
iinjongo zabo zokwenene: ezizezi, ukwandisa amandla nolawulo.

25:59.884 --> 26:00.974
Isihlanu.

26:00.974 --> 26:06.576
Ngaphandle kotyalo-mali olukhulu, amazinga
okusweleka ngenxa yomhlaza ayanda ngokuthe ngcembe.

26:06.576 --> 26:08.325
Isithandathu.

26:08.325 --> 26:11.905
Kukho ubungqina bokuba uphando lomhlaza
olunohlahlo-lwabiwo-mali olukhulu luyasetyenziselwa

26:11.905 --> 26:13.746
nokuqhuba uphando ngezixhobo zokubulala eziphilayo.

26:13.746 --> 26:18.900
Izixhobo zebhayoloji zihlala zenzelwe ukubulala
ngokufihlakeleyo nangokomlinganiselo omkhulu!

26:18.900 --> 26:20.671
Sixhenxe.

26:20.671 --> 26:25.777
Namhlanje, sikwindawo apho abemi basongelwa
ngobuzwilakhe kwezempilo kunye namanyathelo

26:25.777 --> 26:29.589
onyanzeliso lwezonyango anobungozi kakhulu.

26:29.589 --> 26:37.700
Ishishini lamachiza, elilawulwa ngamaRockefeller
ale hlabathi, libonakala liyinkankala yokwenene.

26:37.700 --> 26:43.225
Siyazibuza: Ingaba iingxelo ezisemthethweni
malunga nophando lomhlaza zinokuba yinyani?

26:43.225 --> 26:49.790
Xa iimali ezinkulu ziye zafakwa kuyo kangangeminyaka
elingana ne-100, kodwa impumelelo ifumaneke incinci kangaka?

26:49.790 --> 26:56.384
Impumelelo yokuphilisa, xa ithelekiswa, ibonakala incinci
kakhulu kangangokuba yanele nje ukugcina ithemba liphila.

26:56.384 --> 27:00.792
Iingxelo ezingapheliyo zethemba lokufumana
unyango lomhlaza ziqinisekisa ukuba umsinga omkhulu

27:00.792 --> 27:04.200
wemali yophando oluthandabuzekayo awusoze uphele.

27:04.200 --> 27:10.598
Iqela lezazulwazi zamachiza eliya lisiba lelenkohlakalo nelalawulo
olungqongqo, libonakala ukuba ngowona mhlaza wokwenene.

27:10.598 --> 27:12.860
Ngoku lixesha lokufumanisa inyaniso.

27:12.860 --> 27:16.334
Chonga izizathu kunye neenkxaso-mpeyo
zokunyuka okungapheliyo kwezinga lomhlaza.

27:16.334 --> 27:19.950
Abaxhaphazi abenza inzuzo ngobutyhefu
ekutyeni, emoyeni, emhlabeni, emanzini nakwiimveliso

27:19.950 --> 27:22.440
zamachiza kufuneka kuphantswe uphando ngabo.

27:22.440 --> 27:29.479
Zonke iindlela zobuzali ezilawulwa yi-WHO elawulwa
ziinkampani zamachiza kunye namahlakani ayo maziyekiswe!