WEBVTT 00:00.384 --> 00:08.326 Kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2023, iBrazil ibhekene nokuqhuma okukhulu kakhulu kwe-dengue ezweni lonke emlandweni wayo. 00:08.326 --> 00:14.188 Cishe zonke izifundazwe zithinteke, futhi isimo esiphuthumayo simemezelwe ezifundeni eziningana. 00:14.188 --> 00:20.688 Iphephandaba laseBrithani elipapashwa nsuku zonke iFinancial Times libike ngomhlaka 2 Juni 2024 ukuthi 00:20.688 --> 00:24.935 kuze kube manje sekurekhodiwe izifo eziyi-5.5 million. 00:24.935 --> 00:30.630 Isifo se-dengue, esingabangela umkhuhlane omkhulu, ubuhlungu bemisipha nokopha ngaphakathi, 00:30.630 --> 00:35.278 sesibangele ukufa kwabantu abangaphezu kuka-3 200 kulo nyaka. 00:35.278 --> 00:42.006 Njengoba sekuyaziwa iminyaka eminingi, izimiyane eziguqulwe ezilabhorethri zikhishwa emazweni ahlukene emhlabeni 00:42.006 --> 00:46.670 wonke, ikakhulukazi eBrazil, ukuze kulwe nezifo ezithathelana. 00:46.670 --> 00:52.104 Ngonyaka odlule, uhlelo lweZizwe Ezihlangene Lomhlaba Wonke Lokulwa Izimbungulu lwamemezela izinhlelo 00:52.104 --> 00:58.685 zokukhulula izigidigidi zezimbungulu ezizalisiwe ezindaweni ezahlukene eBrazil eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo. 00:58.685 --> 01:06.103 Indlela yocwaningo esetshenziswayo ihilela ukuthelelisa izimiyane zethayigela zase-Asia ngobhaktheriya ye-Wolbachia 01:06.103 --> 01:10.901 eyenzeka ngokwemvelo nokuzikhulula kubantu bendawo bezimiyane. 01:10.901 --> 01:17.184 Ibhaktheriya i-Wolbachia ihloselwe ukuvimbela i-dengue, i-Zika nezinye izifo zokutheleleka ukuthi zingadluliselwa 01:17.184 --> 01:23.486 ngama-musi kuye kwabanye ama-musi, futhi ngaleyo ndlela zingafiki kubantu abasendaweni ezizungezile. 01:23.486 --> 01:32.688 Igunya lezempilo laseBrazil selivivinyile ukukhululwa kwezimpukane zaselebhorethri emadolobheni amahlanu amakhulu eBrazil. 01:32.688 --> 01:35.305 Kodwa imiphumela yokukhululwa kwakuyini? 01:35.305 --> 01:41.636 Okungenani, izinombolo zamanje ziveza ngokusobala ukuthi akukho ukuncipha kwenani lamacala e-dengue 01:41.636 --> 01:46.395 fever, kodwa kunalokho ukunyuka okungakaze kube khona. 01:46.395 --> 01:51.943 Ukubheka emuva esikhathini esedlule kukhombisa ukuthi amaphrojekthi ocwaningo adlule ahloselwe ukuvimba izifo 01:51.943 --> 01:55.822 ezithathelana ngemiyane eshintshiwe ngokwejini awaphumelelanga. 01:55.822 --> 02:00.935 Isibonelo, phakathi kuka-2013 no-2015, inkampani yaseBrithani yezobuchwepheshe bezinto eziphilayo i-Oxitec 02:00.935 --> 02:06.240 yakhulula izinkumbi ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyishumi nambili eziguqulwe ngokofuzo eBrazil. 02:06.240 --> 02:11.985 Inhloso yokuhlolwa kwasensimini ngaleso sikhathi kwakuwukunciphisa inani lamagundane ane-mibala yetayiga, i-Aedes aegypti, 02:11.985 --> 02:15.667 okubangela ikakhulukazi ukudluliselwa komkhuhlane we-dengue. 02:15.667 --> 02:23.760 Nokho, izinyanga ezingama-30 kamuva, izinguquko zemfuzo nazo zatholakala kuze kufike ku-60% yezimiyane zasendaweni. 02:23.760 --> 02:29.291 Kodwa akupheleli lapho: ukuncipha okwakufunwayo kwenani lezimpukane zetayiga, okwaqala ukufezeka, sekubuyele 02:29.291 --> 02:32.906 ezingeni lalo langaphambilini ngemva kwezinyanga eziyi-18. 02:32.906 --> 02:38.165 Kwenzeka ukuhlangana phakathi kwemiyane yemvelo nemiyane eyashintshwa ngokwezofuzo, okuholele ekubeni nenani 02:38.165 --> 02:41.700 lemiyane eliqinile kunalelo elalikhona ngaphambi kokukhululwa. 02:41.700 --> 02:46.353 Ngaphezu kwalokho, imiphumela yocwaningo ikhombisile ukuthi izimiyane zinethuba elilinganayo 02:46.353 --> 02:49.950 lokuthwala izifo ezosulelayo ngaphambi nangemva kocwaningo. 02:49.950 --> 02:54.562 Nakuba izivivinyo ezenziwe kuze kube manje zihlulekile ngokuphelele ukufinyelela inhloso yazo, 02:54.562 --> 02:58.167 ukukhiqizwa ezifektri zezimpukane eBrazil akukayekiwe. 02:58.167 --> 03:02.335 Lokhu kuvusa umbuzo wokuthi yiziphi izintshisekelo ezisekela amaphrojekthi ocwaningo 03:02.335 --> 03:05.409 nokuthi ubani oxhasa ukusetshenziswa kwawo. 03:05.409 --> 03:12.341 Ngo-2019, uhlelo lwe-World Mosquito Programme lwamemezela kuwebhusayithi yalo ukuthi iBill & Melinda Gates Foundation 03:12.341 --> 03:17.259 neWellcome Trust zinikeza uxhaso lwezimali olungama-50 million amadola kuphrojekthi 03:17.259 --> 03:21.162 yocwaningo ebandakanya ibhaktheriya iWolbachia. 03:21.162 --> 03:27.326 I-Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation yaxhasa ucwaningo ngomuthi wokugoma i-dengue kusukela ngo-2003. 03:27.326 --> 03:32.766 Umjovo wokugoma ukhiqizwa yinkampani yezemithi yaseJapane iTakeda, eyathola futhi izigidi 03:32.766 --> 03:36.378 eziningi zamaphawundi ezivela eGates Foundation. 03:36.378 --> 03:41.068 Kodwa akuyona iBill Gates kuphela; nezinye izinhlangano nazo zisekela amaphrojekthi 03:41.068 --> 03:44.420 ocwaningo ahilela izinambuzane eziguqulwe elebhu. 03:44.420 --> 03:51.788 Isibonelo, inhlangano i-Management Sciences for Health yayivele isebenza ocwaningweni ngo-2022 ukuze ithole ukuthi 03:51.788 --> 03:59.737 yiziphi izizwe emhlabeni wonke ezikulungele ukukhokha ukuze zisebenzise igciwane elisha elibizwa ngeWolbachia. 03:59.737 --> 04:10.115 Ngokwemininingwane yayo, i-Management Sciences for Health isekelwa izinhlangano ezahlukene, amanyuvesi nezinkampani ezizimele. 04:10.115 --> 04:17.798 Phakathi kwabanye: iBill & Melinda Gates Foundation inkampani yezemithi nobuchwepheshe bezinto eziphilayo iPfizer inkampani 04:17.798 --> 04:23.981 yase-Asia yemithi iTakeda, ekhiqiza imijovo yokulwa nesifo sengqikithi umkhankaso wezempilo wamazwe 04:23.981 --> 04:29.320 omhlaba iUnitaid kanye neNhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba Wonke 04:29.320 --> 04:36.871 Ukubheka inhlangano yesayensi yaseBrazil i-Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (ngokufingqiwe FIOCRUZ), ekhuthaza ukukhiqizwa 04:36.871 --> 04:45.183 kwezimpukane, kuphinde kuveze inethiwekhi emangalisayo yobudlelwano nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlangano namanyuvesi. 04:45.183 --> 04:52.342 Izibonelo ezibalulekile zifaka: iBhange Lomhlaba iZizwe Ezihlangene iNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene Yezingane, 04:52.342 --> 04:57.877 noma i-UNICEF ngokufingqiwe iNhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba 04:57.877 --> 05:02.844 Njengoba ukubuka okusheshayo eBrazil kukhombisa, amaphrojekthi ocwaningo ahlanganisa izimiyane eziguqulwe 05:02.844 --> 05:07.633 elabhorethri awazange amiswe, nakuba kuyaziwa ukuthi awaphumeleli ekufezeni inhloso yawo. 05:07.633 --> 05:14.671 Naphezu kokungaphumeleli nokungabikho kokwehla okubonakalayo kwezifo ezithathelana, kuyakhishwa izigwaca 05:14.671 --> 05:23.100 eziyizigidigidi ezengeziwe, okuholela ezindlekweni ezinkulu zokuxhasa ngezimali nasekunyukeni kwezifo nokufa. 05:23.100 --> 05:25.795 Yini engemuva kwale modeli yezomnotho? 05:25.795 --> 05:30.891 Ingabe izimiyane kufanele zisetshenziswe njengesikhali sempi ngokumelene nobuntu esikhathini esizayo? 05:30.891 --> 05:38.531 Kusele isiphetho esisodwa: abantu emazweni lapho imiyane ikhululwa khona bayahlupheka umonakalo omkhulu. 05:38.531 --> 05:44.871 NgoJulayi 2023, umsunguli we-Kla.TV u-Ivo Sasek waxwayisa ngokukhululwa okwandayo emhlabeni 05:44.871 --> 05:49.092 jikelele kwezimpukane eziguqulwe ngokwezofuzo. 05:49.092 --> 05:54.965 Ngenxa yezigameko zamanje eBrazil, i-Kla.TV iphinda isakaze inkulumo yakhe yaleso sikhathi. 05:54.965 --> 05:59.597 Lalela la maphuzu amangalisayo alandelayo, kanye nezixazululo zokuqala ezimangalisayo.