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Rea o amohela, Monghadi Wolski.

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Kea leboha ka memo ea KlaTV.

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E, ruri. Re etsa puisano ena ka letsatsi le
hopolehang haholo, sehopotso sa la 9 Pulungoana.

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Hona joale ho se ho fetile dilemo tse 35 hantle
ho tloha ho weng ha Lebota la Berlin ka 1989.

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00:00:19,840 --> 00:00:27,976
U mongoli oa libuka tse 'maloa tse khahlang haholo mabapi le
taba ena hantle, tse ka fumanoang hape webosaeteng ea hau.

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Mme pele re qala, ha re qaleng ka
ho le tsebisa bashebelli ba rona.

8
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Michael Wolski o hlahile Saxony ka
1952 mme a hola Berlin Botjhabela.

9
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Ke ntate oa bana ba bararo.

10
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Ka 1970, kamora ho qeta thuto ya hae ya sekolo se
phahameng, o ile a fumana lengolo la thuto la

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moruo, a ipapisitse le kgwebisano ya dinaha tse ding.

12
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Ho tloha ka 1974 ho ea pele, Monghadi Wolski o
ile a sebetsa khoebong ea machaba naheng ea GDR.

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Ho tloha ka 1986 ho isa ho 1990, e ne e le mookamedi wa
kgokahanyo wa kgwebisano ya kantle ho naha ya

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GDR ofising ya kgwebo ya US e neng e le Setsing
sa Kgwebisano ya Matjhaba se Berlin Botjhabela.

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Ka Tšitoe 1989, o ile a nka mosebetsi oa ho theha
k'hamphani ea thekiso Berlin Botjhabela lebitsong la sehlopha.

16
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Taelo ena e ile ya hlakolwa hape ka Pherekgong 1990.

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Qalong ea 1991, Monghali Wolski o ile a fallisetsoa Moscow.

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Mona, e bile mothehi le hlooho ea ofisi ea
boemeli ea sehlopha naheng ea USSR, mme a bona ho

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putlama ha Soviet Union le phetoho ea Russia.

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Ka 1998, o ile a kgutlela Berlin mme a sebetsa
e le moeletsi bakeng sa dikhamphani tsa Russia.

21
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Ho tloha ka 2006 ho fihlela ka 2012, e ne e
le mothehi le motsamaisi wa Mokgatlo wa

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Kgwebisano wa Majeremane le Mabosnia, Sarajevo.

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Michael Wolski o tlohetse mosebetsi ho tloha ka 2014.

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Ke mongoli oa libuka tse hlano tse
mabapi le ho oa ha Lerako la Berlin.

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Litabeng tsa rona le litlalehong tsa mecha ea litaba, ho oa ha
Lebota la Berlin ka 1989 ho lula ho bonahala e le phetohelo

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ea khotso, e le phello ea ho se khotsofale har'a baahi ba GDR.

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Batho ba bangata ba nahana ka khotso le boipelaetso.

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Mme bukeng ya hao, Ho Wela ha Lebota la Berlin ka 1989, tlhahlobo
kamora dilemo tse 35, wena, jwalo ka paki ya

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mehleng ena, o hlalosa ho wela ha Lebota e le
ketsahalo e neng e rerilwe ka hloko mme ya phethahatswa.

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Ke eng se o etsang hore o nahane jwalo?

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E, jwalo ka ha ke boletse pejana ho CV ya ka, ke ile ka sebetsa
ofising ya boemedi ya khamphani ya US Berlin

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Botjhabela ho tloha ka 1986 ho isa ho 1990, moo ke ileng
ka thusa ho aha kgwebo ya khamphani eo naheng ya GDR.

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Mme ha Lebota la Berlin le ne le wela ka Pudungwana 1989,
mookamedi wa Mo-Switzerland wa khamphani e

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neng e tsamaisa ofisi o ile a fihla ka Tshitwe mme
a re, Mike, o filwe mosebetsi o kgethehileng.

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Re tla theha k'hamphani e ka tlase bakeng sa thekiso
GDR, jwalokaha re entse Poland, Czechia le Hungary.

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Mme mosebetsi wa hao ke ho qala motheo ona, ha re ka rialo, le ho
etsa ditokisetso tse hlokehang, jwalo ka ho ikopanya

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le moeletsi wa molao le ramolao, ho etsa qeto ka
thepa le hore na ke batho ba bakae ba tla kenya letsoho.

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Mme jwale ho ne ho setse matsatsi
a mmalwa feela pele ho Keresemese.

39
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Ke qalile sena eaba ke batla ho ba le dipuisano le
batho ba amehang ba ikarabellang bakeng sa kgato e

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nngwe le e nngwe ya mosebetsi qalong ya Pherekgong.

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Mme ka la 9 Pherekhong 1990, ho ile ha fihla mohala o reng
ho emise tsohle. Ha re sa tla theha k'hamphani e ka tlase.

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Kgwebo ya rona e tla fetisetsoa ho lekala la Jeremane.

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Ho ne ho ena le k'hamphani e kholo haholo
Rephabliking ea Federale ea Jeremane, Neuss.

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Mme seo sa nkgakgamatsa. Mme ka
botsa potso, e, hobaneng e emisiwa?

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Mme yaba mookamedi o mpolella, e, re fumane
ditaelo tse tswang USA, ha ho sa tla ba le GDR hape.

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Seo e ne e le ka la 9 Pherekhong 1990.

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Mme ha re ka sheba morao nalaneng, e bile feela ka la 13 Hlakola
1990 ha balekane ba bane le matona a mabedi a kantle

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ho naha a Jeremane ba ile ba kopana mme ba etsa
qeto ya ho qala dipuisano mabapi le kopano ya Jeremane.

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Kahoo hoo ho bolela hore batsamaisi ba phahameng
ba ne ba se ba ntse ba tseba sephetho esale pele.

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Mme se kgahlang ke hore, le pele la 13 Hlakola le fihla, ho bile
le mohala wa bobedi o neng o mpolella hore tsohle di

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lokela ho phethelwa ka la 30 Phuptjane 1990, ke hore, kopanyo
ya kgwebo ya GDR ka hara lekala la Jeremane Bophirimela.

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E, mme ka Motsheanong ra utlwa hore kopano
ya ditjhelete e tla etsahala ka la 1 Phupu.

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Mme mang kapa mang ya ntseng a bua ka
ketsahalo e sa reroang, ke nahana hore o a thekesela.

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Empa seo se hlahisa potso: ke mang
kannete ea neng a batla hore Lebota le oele?

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Hantle, ha ke ne ke le Moscow, ke buile le
batho ba bangata ba neng ba na le tsebo e ngata.

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Ka mohlala, ditho tsa pele tsa KGB tse ileng
tsa lelekwa kamora ho putlama ha bokomonisi.

57
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Kahoo Soviet Union e ile ea qhalana, monopolising ea khoebo ea
kantle ho naha ea putlama, 'me li-combine ka

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bomong joale li ne li se li khona ho etsa mesebetsi
ea ho romela thepa kantle le ho e tlisa ka hare.

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Mme ha etsahala hore makaleng ana a kgwebo ya kantle ho naha a
metjhini e kopaneng, ao jwale ke neng ke tlameha ho ya ho

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ona, eseng ho khamphani ya kgwebo ya kantle ho naha e
Moscow, ho be le batho ba neng ba bua Sejeremane ka bokgabane.

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Mme yaba, ha e le hantle, Serussia le Senyesemane sa ka
di ne di sa phahama hakaalo, kahoo ba mpotsa, o tswa kae?

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Mme ka Michael Wolski kareteng ya kgwebo, e ne e sa
bonahale ka ho hlaka jwalo ka Fritz Müller kapa ntho e jwalo.

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Mme ha ke bua jwalo, a tloha GDR, sefahleho sa hae sa kganya:

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Le nna ke bile GDR ka lilemo tse hlano. Ke ne ke bua Sejeremane
ka bokgabane, mme ke ne ke tseba hore o ne a se sesoleng, hobane

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baofisiri ba ne ba lula GDR ka lilemo tse tharo feela. Mme
ba tsoang masoleng a mang ba ne ba lula moo nako e teletsana.

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Mme yaba ho ba le dipuisano tse kgahlang, tseo ka tsona ba
ileng ba mpolella ho hongata ka GDR seo ke neng ke sa se

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tsebe, mabapi le meaho ya boetapele le dikamano tsa matla.

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Hantle, ka nako eo ke ne ke bala haholo, libuka tsa
bo-ralipolotiki ba Soviet, bo-radipolomate, baemeli

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ba litšebeletsi tsa sephiri le tse ling joalo-joalo.

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Mme butle-butle taba e ile ya hlaka hore ha e le hantle ena
e ne e le ketsahalo e neng e patilwe ka mora lesira la mosi,

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mme lesira leo la mosi le ne le bitswa Phetohelo ya Kgotso.

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Ho thahasellisang ke hore, qalong ea 2015, ho bile le
lingoliloeng tse tharo tse faneng ka leseli tabeng ena.

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Ea pele e ne e le hore ka la 2 Pulungoana 2014, ho ile ha hlaha
sengoloa ho Der Spiegel se neng se bolela hore Gorbachev le

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Shevardnadze ba ne ba batla hore Lebota le wele pele ho nako.

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Ba babedi ba ile ho ya bona Erich, ya
neng a le Berlin bakeng sa kopano...

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E ne e le neng?

77
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Seo e ne e le ka 1987. Ka la 28 kapa la 29 Mots'eanong 1987, ba
ile ba etela Erich Honecker mme ba mo bolella hore Lebota le ne

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le se le sa lumellane le setšoantšo sa Europe e kopaneng
seo Gorbachev a neng a se thehile, hape le ne le sa lumellane

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le ho theola lihlomo, le hore o lokela ho heletsa Lebota.

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Mme yaba Erich o ema tafoleng, ha re ka rialo, mme a re tjhe.

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Eo e ne e le boikaketsi bo boholo, hobane Erich le eena o ne
a tseba hore ha ho litanka tse tla tla, joalokaha li ile tsa

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etsa Prague ka 1968, haeba o sa etse seo Moscow e se batlang.

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Mme ba babedi ba tsamaya.

84
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Ho thahasellisang ke hore, matsatsi a 14 hamorao
Reagan o ne a le Berlin Bophirimela mme a bua ka

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lehlakoreng le ka bophirimela la Heke ea Brandenburg.

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Mme yaba, jwalo ka ha o bona ka ho hlaka setshwantshong, ho ba le
polelo e tummeng ya Monghadi Gorbachev, "Hatholla lebota lena!"

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Kahoo ha a ka a re Honecker, empa a re Gorbachev.

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Kahoo o ne a tseba hore na ke mang ya laolang.

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Mme hobane seo ha se a ka sa etsahala, ho
bile le ts'ebetso ea sephiri ea Soviet ka 1989.

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Mme sena se hlalositswe ka bukeng e bitswang Operation Lutsch, e
hatisitsweng mafelong a 2014 kapa mathwasong a 2015, e ngotsweng

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ke lepodisi la sephiri la tshebeletso ya bohlale ya sesole
sa GDR, ya hlalositseng kamoo Lebota le ileng la wela kateng

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le hore na diitokisetso di ne di entswe nako e sa le teng.

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Mme ntlha ya boraro e bile diketsahalo tsa Hungary, ka ho
heletswa ha meaho ya tshireletso ya moedi ka 1989, moo kopano ena

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e neng e tshwaretswe teng, mokete ona wa dijo, moo
baahi ba ka bang 700 ba GDR ba ileng ba sebedisa monyetla

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00:09:58,270 --> 00:10:04,864
mme ba ya Rephabliking ya Federale ba feta ka Austria.

96
00:10:04,864 --> 00:10:09,478
Hoa thabisa. Na u na le mehlala e meng ea
liketsahalo moo u ikutloang eka se etsahetseng

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00:10:09,478 --> 00:10:11,863
se tšoana le se tsoang sengoloeng sa filimi?

98
00:10:11,863 --> 00:10:19,360
Ehlile, ho ne ho ntse ho na le liketsahalo tse 'maloa.

99
00:10:19,360 --> 00:10:27,003
Ha o sheba la 9 Pulungoana hona jwale, kamoo letsatsi leo le neng
le hlophisitswe kateng, le kamoo le ileng la

100
00:10:27,003 --> 00:10:34,323
tswela pele kateng, tsohle di teng ditshwantshong tseo
bohle re di tsebang, empa ka tlhaloso e fapaneng.

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00:10:34,323 --> 00:10:46,452
Ke boetse ke buile ka sena bukeng, hore, mohlala, seo re ka se
bonang hamorao, ha Schabowski a bala mongolo oa hae, ke hore ho

102
00:10:46,452 --> 00:10:58,620
ne ho na le ntho e neng e le sieo mongolong ona, empa Egon Krenz
o ile a e kenya, e leng hore ho ne ho na le nako ea embargo.

103
00:10:58,620 --> 00:11:01,500
Na re ka mamela seo ka motsotsoana?

104
00:11:04,928 --> 00:11:15,092
...kajeno re entse qeto ya ho tsebisa molaoana
o tla dumella moahi e mong le e mong wa GDR

105
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ho tswa naheng ka diphatlha tsa moedi tsa GDR.

106
00:11:20,640 --> 00:11:27,433
Bakeng sa lefapha la boralitaba la bosebeletsi, Lekhotla la
Matona le entse qeto ea hore tokisetso ena ea

107
00:11:27,433 --> 00:11:35,740
nakoana e tla qala ho sebetsa ho fihlela molao
o amehang o phasalalitsoe ke Lekhotla la Batho.

108
00:11:35,740 --> 00:11:41,363
Mme mongolo ona oo a o balileng o na le tsebiso ya dithibelo.

109
00:11:41,363 --> 00:11:48,323
Mme seo se ne se lokela ho phatlalatswa feela
seea-le-moeeng ka hora ya bohlano hoseng ho latelang.

110
00:11:48,323 --> 00:11:55,824
Mme thibelo ena e tlositswe, hore haeba ho na le mofuta o
molelele, a dule moo a batlisise mme a re ka

111
00:11:55,824 --> 00:12:02,688
tsela e itseng o ne a utlwa hore ntho e jwalo
e tlameha ho ba teng, empa ha a ka a e fumana.

112
00:12:02,688 --> 00:12:08,600
Sena se ile sa baka phallo e potlakileng ho ya mekgweng ya moedi.

113
00:12:08,600 --> 00:12:17,152
Mme eo e ne e boetse e le ts'ebetso e neng e
hlophisitsoe ke tshebeletso ya bohlale ba sesole sa Soviet.

114
00:12:17,152 --> 00:12:23,940
Joale, potso eo baahi ba bangata ba GDR ba ileng ba
ipotsa eona ka nako eo. Ke hobane'ng ha ho sa ka ha thunngoa?

115
00:12:23,940 --> 00:12:25,320
E, ke ntlha e latelang.

116
00:12:25,320 --> 00:12:36,003
Kahoo, qalong ya 1989, ho bile le thunano e bolaeang moeding.

117
00:12:36,003 --> 00:12:44,460
Eaba Chris Geffroy e monyane o thunngoa ho isa
lefung Berlin, e leng ntho e neng e le tlokotsi e kholo

118
00:12:44,460 --> 00:12:49,080
ruri ho Shevardnadze le Gorbachev le maano a bona.

119
00:12:49,080 --> 00:12:59,500
Leha ho le jwalo, kaha moedi o ka bophirimela wa GDR o ne o le
tlasa bolaodi ba Warsaw Pact, ka Mmesa ho ile ha phatlalatswa ke

120
00:12:59,500 --> 00:13:09,020
masole a moedi a GDR, empa e le ka qeto ya Warsaw Pact, hore ha
ho sa tla boela ho sebediswa dibetsa moeding o ka bophirimela.

121
00:13:09,020 --> 00:13:11,463
Seo e ne e le ka la 12 Mmesa.

122
00:13:11,463 --> 00:13:19,544
Sena se bolela hore ho tloha ntlheng ena, balebeli ba
moeli ba ne ba bonahala ba le mosebetsing ba tšoere

123
00:13:19,544 --> 00:13:23,956
lithunya tse nyenyane tsa mochini, empa li se na likulo.

124
00:13:23,956 --> 00:13:29,056
Mme e ne e le liofisiri feela tse neng li na le
likulo tsa lithunya tsa tsona tsa tšireletso ea botho.

125
00:13:29,056 --> 00:13:37,184
Sena se bolela hore, ho tloha ntlheng ena, ho ne ho
se ho hlakile hore puso ena ea moeli e ne e tla fela.

126
00:13:37,184 --> 00:13:41,203
Ehlile, seo se ne se sa tsejwe; e ne e le sephiri se seholo.

127
00:13:41,203 --> 00:13:45,050
Hobane ka nako eo ho ne ho se ho se
ho bile le phallo e kholo moeding.

128
00:13:45,050 --> 00:13:49,020
E, empa e ne e se masole a GDR feela.

129
00:13:49,020 --> 00:13:53,792
Batho ba ne ba boetse ba ipotsa hore na masole ohle a
Marussia, a neng a tletse hohle naheng ea GDR, a ne a le kae.

130
00:13:53,792 --> 00:14:03,216
E, mme seo le sona se ne se rerilwe hantle esale
pele bakeng sa ketsahalo ena ya la 9 Pulungoana.

131
00:14:03,216 --> 00:14:09,062
Kahoo, la 7 Pulungoana e ne e le letsatsi la
bohlokoahali la lipolotiki la Soviet Union,

132
00:14:09,062 --> 00:14:12,010
Phetohelo e Kholo ea Bosesetso ea Mphalane.

133
00:14:12,010 --> 00:14:15,800
Ka nako eo e ne e le Mphalane hobane
ba ne ba na le khalendara e fapaneng.

134
00:14:15,800 --> 00:14:24,942
Mme mekete ena e ne e dula e nka matsatsi a mabedi, ka
hoo la 7 le la 8 Pulungoana e ne e le matsatsi a phomolo a

135
00:14:24,942 --> 00:14:29,740
setjhaba Soviet Union, e leng matsatsi a phomolo a habedi.

136
00:14:29,740 --> 00:14:34,883
Mme ka nako eo, masole a Soviet a ile a abelwa marobalo.

137
00:14:34,883 --> 00:14:43,660
Ho GDR, ba ne ba lumelletsoe feela ho tsoa ka lihlopha; ba ne ba
sa lumelloa ho tsoa ba le bang, 'me masole ana a ne a koaletsoe

138
00:14:43,660 --> 00:14:48,000
ka ntlwaneng ea bona ea masole ho fihlela ka la 13 Pulungoana.

139
00:14:48,000 --> 00:14:50,856
Mme ho ne ho ena le lebaka le leng bakeng sa seo.

140
00:14:50,856 --> 00:14:56,983
Selemo se seng le se seng, masole a
Soviet a pakeng tsa 300 le 400 a ne a baleha.

141
00:14:56,983 --> 00:15:03,189
Ba bangata ba ne ba batla ho ea Bochabela, ba batla ho
ea hae, 'me ba bang ba ne ba batla ho ea Bophirimela.

142
00:15:03,189 --> 00:15:12,012
Mme kaha ka la 3 kapa la 4 Phato 1989, molebedi wa moeding wa
Jeremane Botjhabela o ile a thunngwa a ba a shwa ke lesole la

143
00:15:12,012 --> 00:15:18,467
Soviet le neng le baleha, ke hore le ne le
tlohela sesole, moeding o ka bophirimela, ho ne

144
00:15:18,467 --> 00:15:21,116
ho ena le mabaka ohle a ho ba kenya teronkong.

145
00:15:21,116 --> 00:15:29,564
Hobane haeba moeli o ne o butsoe, masole a
Soviet a ka be a ile a tsoakana le letšoele, a

146
00:15:29,564 --> 00:15:36,283
hlometse, 'me a ka be a bakile tšollo e khōlō ea mali.

147
00:15:36,283 --> 00:15:39,140
Ehlile, ho ne ho ena le dintlha tse ding tse mmalwa hape.

148
00:15:39,140 --> 00:15:45,756
Moemeli ea phahameng ka ho fetisisa oa Soviet, moemeli
oa lipolotiki GDR, e ne e le moemeli ea khethehileng.

149
00:15:45,756 --> 00:15:55,523
Mme seo le sona se ka be se bakile ho romelwa
ha masole a Soviet ho sireletsa moedi wa naha.

150
00:15:55,523 --> 00:16:03,835
Jwaloka ka 1953, Mokomishinara e Moholo wa nako eo
naheng ya GDR, Semjonow, le yena o ile a laela masole

151
00:16:03,835 --> 00:16:08,176
a Soviet hore a sebedise ditjhese ka la 17 Phuptjane.

152
00:16:08,176 --> 00:16:10,816
Seo ha se a etswa Moscow, empa se etswa Berlin.

153
00:16:10,816 --> 00:16:21,775
Mme ho qoba kotsi efe kapa efe, hobane ho ne ho tsejwa hore
molaodi-moholo wa masole a Soviet mona GDR o ne a, re

154
00:16:21,775 --> 00:16:32,566
ka re, a le thata ho lekanyetswa, moemedi wa Soviet o
ile a fuwa pilisi ya boroko kapa a iketsetsa e le nngwe.

155
00:16:32,566 --> 00:16:37,343
Leha ho le joalo, o ne a sa arabe mantsiboeeng ao.

156
00:16:37,343 --> 00:16:45,824
Mme seo se ne se bolela hore motho a le mong
feela ya neng a ka fana ka taelo o ne a le siyo.

157
00:16:45,824 --> 00:16:50,420
E, le boetapele, ke hore Honecker le ba bang?

158
00:16:50,420 --> 00:16:56,022
Hantle, he, bosiu, ha ho se ho tsebahala...
Ho ne ho ntse ho na le ntho e 'ngoe, ho ne ho

159
00:16:56,022 --> 00:16:58,943
ntse ho na le kopano eo ea Komiti e Bohareng.

160
00:16:58,943 --> 00:17:08,122
Kopano ea Komiti e Bohareng, e neng e tsoela
pele ka nako e tšoanang le puo ea Schabowski, e ne

161
00:17:08,122 --> 00:17:13,643
e lokela ho fela hoo e ka bang ka 6 mantsiboea.

162
00:17:13,643 --> 00:17:22,603
Empa moo, batho bao ho neng ho hlakile hore ba laetsoe ke
tshebeletso ya bohlale ba sesole sa Soviet kapa tshebeletso

163
00:17:22,603 --> 00:17:26,916
ya bohlale ba sesole sa GDR ba ile ba lelefatsa kopano.

164
00:17:26,916 --> 00:17:32,030
Kahoo o itse le wena ha o kgone ho
arohana, o na le mathata a mangata haholo.

165
00:17:32,030 --> 00:17:36,716
Ka hona ba tlohetse kopano e
tswela pele ho fihlela ka 8:40 bosiu.

166
00:17:36,716 --> 00:17:43,681
E ne e le hantle motsotso oo Schabowski a ileng a re e tla
qala ho sebetsa hang-hang, mme batho ba qala ho phallela ho

167
00:17:43,681 --> 00:17:48,236
ya sebakeng sa ho tshela moedi, haholoholo Bornholmer Straße.

168
00:17:48,236 --> 00:17:53,483
Mme seo sa phatlalatswa thelevisheneng, pele ho thelevishene
ya Jeremane Botjhabela, ebe ho ya ho ya Jeremane Bophirimela.

169
00:17:53,483 --> 00:18:01,472
Mme ba ne ba le teng Komiting e Bohareng, ba dutse jwaloka ha
eka ba le karolong ya bakudi ba kgetholotsweng, ha re ka rialo.

170
00:18:01,472 --> 00:18:05,274
Ka nako eo ho ne ho se na mehala ea letsoho,
kahoo ho ne ho se na motho ea ka bapalang a bile a

171
00:18:05,274 --> 00:18:07,260
hoeletsa a re, "Ao, ho etsahetse'ng hona joale?"

172
00:18:07,260 --> 00:18:13,906
Che, che. Mme ba ile ba hlokomela seo
feela hoo e ka bang ka hora ya leshome bosiu.

173
00:18:13,906 --> 00:18:18,510
Lekala la Tshireletso la GDR le
ne le le Strausberg, eseng Berlin.

174
00:18:18,510 --> 00:18:25,924
Ka hona ba tsamaea ka koloi, mme kamora 8:40
bosiu ba ne ba le Strausberg hoo e ka bang ka 10

175
00:18:25,924 --> 00:18:30,096
bosiu, mme ke moo taba e qalileng ho namela teng.

176
00:18:30,096 --> 00:18:39,345
Empa Ma-Soviet a ne a kentse letsoho tabeng ena, ka hona
mehopolo ea ho kanna ea ho kenya tšebetsong li-division tsa pele

177
00:18:39,345 --> 00:18:44,243
tsa masole a lithunya tse tsamaeang ka likoloi e ile ea hanoa.

178
00:18:44,243 --> 00:18:45,563
Ho a thabisa. Michael

179
00:18:45,563 --> 00:18:52,612
Mme haeba ho na le dipotso tse hlahang hona jwale,
empa ho ne ho ena le bafetohedi ba nang le kgotso,

180
00:18:52,612 --> 00:18:56,070
ehlile ba ne ba le teng, hobane ba ne ba itokiseditse.

181
00:18:56,070 --> 00:19:04,594
Kahoo seo se ne se tsoa tšebeletsong ea bohlale ea sesole sa
Soviet, eseng ho Stasi kapa KGB, empa hape le ho tsoa

182
00:19:04,594 --> 00:19:11,381
lits'ebeletsong tsa Bophirimela, e le hore batho ba tsoe
literateng, ba etse boipelaetso, ba kenye

183
00:19:11,381 --> 00:19:18,400
likerese lifensetereng tsa bona joalo-joalo, e le
hore tsena tsohle li ne li se li ntse li le teng.

184
00:19:18,400 --> 00:19:25,149
Etsoe, e ne e tla hlokahala hamorao
ho pheta pale ea bafetoheli ba lerato.

185
00:19:25,149 --> 00:19:30,120
Mme ho ne ho ke ke ha lekana hore e be batho ba bararo feela
ba eme moo ba re, "Bona, bana e ne e le bafetoheli ba bararo ba

186
00:19:30,120 --> 00:19:32,630
nang le kgotso," hobane seo se ne se ke ke sa sebetsa hantle.

187
00:19:32,630 --> 00:19:38,401
Kahoo e ne e tlameha ho ba mokhatlo o akaretsang, hape le
ka sebaka, eseng feela Leipzig le Berlin, empa le litoropong

188
00:19:38,401 --> 00:19:41,760
tse ling moo boipelaetso bona bo neng bo etsahala teng.

189
00:19:41,760 --> 00:19:47,672
Hoa thabisa. Kahoo, ho akaretsa seo re se buileng ho fihlela
joale, hobane re bona ntho e tšoanang e etsahala kajeno,

190
00:19:47,672 --> 00:19:55,328
ha batho ba likete tse mashome ba tsoela literateng ka
Mantaha ho etsa boipelaetso, hantle joaloka mehleng eo.

191
00:19:55,328 --> 00:20:04,320
Joale o re boetapele ba Soviet bo ne bo rerile ho
putlama ha Lebota la Berlin mme ba sebedisa boipelaetso bona.

192
00:20:04,320 --> 00:20:10,363
Qetellong, o fane ka maikutlo a hore mekhatlo ea
bohlale ea Bophirimela le eona e bile le karolo e mafolofolo.

193
00:20:10,363 --> 00:20:16,057
Kahoo, na ke utloisisitse hantle hore
Botjhabela le Bophirimela, tseo ka molao e neng e le

194
00:20:16,057 --> 00:20:19,616
lira, joale li sebetsa 'moho ka morero o le mong?

195
00:20:19,616 --> 00:20:28,669
Ke nahana jwalo. O ka bona hore mohopolo ona o
tshwanang o bile teng nalaneng ho tloha ka 1917, 18.

196
00:20:28,669 --> 00:20:36,870
Hona joale ho na le libuka tse se nang palo
tse paka hore tšebelisano ena e ne e le teng.

197
00:20:36,870 --> 00:20:43,628
Boholo ba yona e ne e le lefapheng la moruo, empa karolo e nngwe
e ne e le hape lefapheng la dipolotiki, mme ka

198
00:20:43,628 --> 00:20:51,380
hona, ruri ho ne ho e-na le dipuisano tsa kamehla
pakeng tsa ditshebeletso tsa dinaha tsa feterale.

199
00:20:51,380 --> 00:20:58,100
Hoa khahla. Kahoo ho ne ho e-na le marokho
lipakeng tsa mekhahlelo ea Bochabela le Bophirimela?

200
00:20:58,100 --> 00:21:03,840
Nka re e. Hantle, ke sebelitse
borokhong bo joalo. Seo e ne e le khoebong.

201
00:21:03,840 --> 00:21:08,803
GDR e ne e thahasella haholo ho hohela likhoebo tsena tsa US.

202
00:21:08,803 --> 00:21:16,025
Ha likoporasi tsena tsa Amerika li fihla ka 1985, e tlameha ebe
li ne li se li ntse li tseba ho hong, hobane li

203
00:21:16,025 --> 00:21:22,816
ile tsa fihla ka nako e le 'ngoe 'me li ne li batla
ho hira baahi ba Jeremane Bochabela e le basebetsi.

204
00:21:22,816 --> 00:21:29,097
Ba ka be ba tlile le batho ba bona ka nako eo, ba ka be ba
batlile batho Berlin Bophirimela, mme ba ka be

205
00:21:29,097 --> 00:21:34,115
ba sebelisitse barekisi ba kantle ho naha ba
neng ba hlophisitsoe ke Setsi sa Machaba sa Khoebo.

206
00:21:34,115 --> 00:21:35,903
Mme ba ne ba batla ya morao.

207
00:21:35,903 --> 00:21:45,949
Empa ba ne ba le sieo, kahoo ho ile ha hlokahala hore ho qaloe
patlo, hobane batho bana ba ne ba hloka pasepoto ea Bophirimela.

208
00:21:45,949 --> 00:21:53,040
Kahoo ba ile ba tlameha ho feta tsohle tsa GDR, ha
re ka rialo, e le hore e be basebeletsi ba tsa maeto.

209
00:21:53,040 --> 00:21:58,856
Eaba ke atamelwa mme ka kgahlehela mosebetsi oo, ka hoo ka re e.

210
00:21:58,856 --> 00:22:06,304
Mme ka qala mosebetsi ona qalong ya 1986, ka Mmesa.

211
00:22:06,304 --> 00:22:10,903
Empa ho ne ho ena le marokho a mang a 'maloa, haeba re hopola.

212
00:22:10,903 --> 00:22:15,516
Kahoo Angela Merkel o tswa lelapeng la matona.

213
00:22:15,516 --> 00:22:22,880
Mme moruti, Monghadi Kassner, o ne a na le setsi sa
kwetliso bakeng sa boruti ba thuto ya bodumedi Templin.

214
00:22:22,880 --> 00:22:30,036
Litsebi tsa thuto ea bolumeli tse tsoang Europe
Bophirimela le tsona e ne e le baeti ba kamehla moo.

215
00:22:30,036 --> 00:22:36,203
Mme mohlomong ba se ba ntse ba shebile Angela.

216
00:22:36,203 --> 00:22:41,296
Ke mang ya tsebang. Empa ho utlwahala eka
ho na le morero o itseng o sebetsang mona.

217
00:22:41,296 --> 00:22:49,850
Kahoo ha se morero o qapiloeng maobane feela,
akere? Joale e se e na le nako e kae e ntse e lokisoa?

218
00:22:49,850 --> 00:22:56,456
Ke nahana jwalo. Ha re hloke ho
kgutlela ho Karl Marx ka botlalo mona.

219
00:22:56,456 --> 00:23:03,375
Empa lona basebetsi ba linaha tsohle, kopanang! E
sebetsa feela haeba borakapitalisi ba linaha tsohle ba

220
00:23:03,375 --> 00:23:07,920
kopane, hobane basebetsi ba itšetlehile ka borakapitalisi.

221
00:23:07,920 --> 00:23:20,832
Empa ka mora moo ho bile le Phetohelo ea Mphalane ka 1917, mme ho
tloha ka nako eo ho bile le libuka tse ngata, haholo-holo tse

222
00:23:20,832 --> 00:23:30,185
tsoang United States, tse hlalosang ka botlalo
kamano pakeng tsa Wall Street le Phetohelo ea

223
00:23:30,185 --> 00:23:35,700
Bolshevik, mohlala, tse ngotsoeng ke Anthony Sutton.

224
00:23:35,700 --> 00:23:46,467
E boetse e hlalositse kamoo Trotsky le Lenin, ba tšehelitsoe ka
lichelete, e mong ke e mong oa bathehi ba Federal

225
00:23:46,467 --> 00:23:56,496
Reserve mme e mong ke ho tsoa ho Abwehr ea Jeremane,
ba ileng ba ea Petrograd ho qholotsa phetohelo moo.

226
00:23:56,496 --> 00:24:07,120
Ba bang hobane ba ne ba bone hore naha e loketse phetoho, e leng
borakhabankara ba US, ba neng ba batla ho beha naha tlas'a taolo

227
00:24:07,120 --> 00:24:17,331
ea bona, ha re ka rialo, le Lenin hobane o ne a hlokahala ho
tiisa tumellano ea khutliso ea ntoa, e ileng ea fetoha selemena

228
00:24:17,331 --> 00:24:22,380
sa khotso hamorao, le ho lokolla Jeremane ntoeng ea bobeli.

229
00:24:22,380 --> 00:24:31,257
Kahoo seo se bolela hore Tumellano ea Brest-Litovsk e
ile ea phetheloa 'me Jeremane ea ikhula ho kopanong

230
00:24:31,257 --> 00:24:36,064
ena ea Mabotho a Tšehali – ee, Russia e ile ea ikhula.

231
00:24:36,064 --> 00:24:44,740
Ka nako eo, e ne e ntse e le Mmuso oa Borussia; Soviet Union e
thehiloe feela ka Tšitoe 1922, empa e ne e le nako ea phetoho.

232
00:24:44,740 --> 00:24:56,255
Mme ka nako eo, Maamerika a ile a theha monna ya
neng a se a ntse a tseba Lenin mme a etsa ditumellano

233
00:24:56,255 --> 00:25:02,150
tsa pele le yena. Monna eo e ne e le Armand Hammer.

234
00:25:02,150 --> 00:25:09,343
Mme ho fihlela lefung la hae ka 1990, nakoana
pele a hlokahala, e ne e le sehokelo pakeng

235
00:25:09,343 --> 00:25:13,856
tsa motheo wa dipolotiki wa US le Politburo.

236
00:25:13,856 --> 00:25:24,162
Mme merero ena yohle e meholo ya ho kenya thepa ya Soviet Union,
e neng e akaretsa difeme, diteishene tsa motlakase wa metsi, empa

237
00:25:24,162 --> 00:25:31,138
hape le tumellano ya naha le ya khiriso nakong
ya Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Lefatshe, di ile tsa

238
00:25:31,138 --> 00:25:37,740
phethelwa tlasa tshireletso ya hae, ha re ka rialo.

239
00:25:37,740 --> 00:25:42,820
Eya, hape, Armand Hammer e ne e le bilioneha ka lilemo tse ngata.

240
00:25:42,820 --> 00:25:49,603
Ntate wa hae e ne e le mothehi wa Mokgatlo wa Bokomonisi, hape
e le mothehi-mmoho wa Mokgatlo wa Bokomonisi wa United States.

241
00:25:49,603 --> 00:25:55,246
Mme, ehlile, o ne a boetse e le moamohedi wa Order of Lenin.

242
00:25:55,246 --> 00:25:59,940
Ho na le kgokahano e hlakileng pakeng tsa
diboloko tsena tse pedi, motho o tlameha ho bolela.

243
00:25:59,940 --> 00:26:05,340
Empa jwale, hapehape, hobane ke dumela hore ho bohlokwa
haholo bakeng sa se etsahalang kajeno, ha re shebeng morao.

244
00:26:05,340 --> 00:26:14,029
U boletse hore FED, ke hore, Federal Reserve,
e leng matla a maholo a lichelete lefatšeng

245
00:26:14,029 --> 00:26:18,740
la Bophirimela, e qalile Phetohelo ea Mphalane.

246
00:26:18,740 --> 00:26:19,580
E.

247
00:26:19,580 --> 00:26:24,543
Kahoo e tlameha ebe ba ne ba na le
dithahasello tsa ditjhelete tse hlakileng haholo moo?

248
00:26:24,543 --> 00:26:31,552
Ehlile. Thahasello e ne e le ho laola Russia.

249
00:26:31,552 --> 00:26:33,920
Empa o ne o ke ke wa etsa seo ka kotloloho.

250
00:26:33,920 --> 00:26:41,960
Kahoo ba ile ba leka seo, ho bile le ntoa
ena ea lehae, eo hape e neng e kenyelelitse

251
00:26:41,960 --> 00:26:46,560
bahlabani ba Maamerika, Mabrithani le Majapane.

252
00:26:46,560 --> 00:26:48,816
Empa naha e ne e le kholo haholo.

253
00:26:48,816 --> 00:27:01,936
Mme ke sona hantle seo ba leketseng ho se etsa moo: ho theha mmuso
o neng o itshetlehile ka bona, empa o sa tsejwe ke lefatshe.

254
00:27:01,936 --> 00:27:09,265
Ho ne ho se na motho ea ka neng a nahana hore makomonisi
ana a Marussia qetellong a ile a tšehetsoa ka lichelete ke

255
00:27:09,265 --> 00:27:13,760
Bophirimela mehatong ea qaleho, eaba hamorao a laoloa ke bona.

256
00:27:13,760 --> 00:27:23,220
Hape ke lona lebaka le etsang hore batho ba bangata ba sitoe ho
utlwisisa hore Soviet Union e ile ya qhaqholla tsamaiso ya yona.

257
00:27:23,220 --> 00:27:25,200


258
00:27:25,200 --> 00:27:32,950
Kahoo ho putlama ha Lebota la Berlin ho bile hoo e ka bang ho
lokolla tshwaro hodima dinaha tsa bososhialiste tsa Yuropa.

259
00:27:32,950 --> 00:27:40,282
Eaba ho latela ho huloa ha sesole sa Soviet,
ho ileng ha nka ho fihlela ka 1994, mme ka

260
00:27:40,282 --> 00:27:44,496
mora moo ho putlama ha Soviet Union ka boeona.

261
00:27:44,496 --> 00:27:50,410
Mme ha Gorbachev a kena pusong, o ile a hlalosa sena
ka bokgabane ka mantswe a reng perestroika le glasnost.

262
00:27:50,410 --> 00:27:57,562
Perestroika e bolela ho hlophisa bocha, mme
glasnost e bolela ho buleha, ponaletso. Mme ke sona

263
00:27:57,562 --> 00:28:01,200
hantle seo a neng a batla ho se hlophisa bocha.

264
00:28:01,200 --> 00:28:09,323
Mme seo re ileng ra se itemohela ke hore sena se ile sa
hlahisa sehlopha sa babusisi ba seng bakae, mme Politburo ena le

265
00:28:09,323 --> 00:28:13,952
mokgatlo, ka meaho ya ona yohle, tsa nyamela ka tshohanyetso.

266
00:28:13,952 --> 00:28:21,024
Mme ntwa ya maemo eo re neng re ena le yona
ka nako eo e fetohile ntwa ya tlelaemete.

267
00:28:21,024 --> 00:28:24,320
Ho lokile, seo se re tlisa matsatsing ana, ke nahana.

268
00:28:24,320 --> 00:28:25,440
E, e.

269
00:28:25,440 --> 00:28:29,040
Eo e ne e tla ba potso ya ka e latelang.

270
00:28:29,040 --> 00:28:36,124
U hlalositse kamoo, ho theosa le nalane ea
Russia, kapa Soviet Union, ho lulang ho e-na le

271
00:28:36,124 --> 00:28:41,180
tšusumetso ea bo-oligarka ba baholo ba lichelete.

272
00:28:41,180 --> 00:28:44,320
Hela, kajeno?

273
00:28:46,816 --> 00:28:53,260
Michael Wolski:] Hantle, ke nahana hore ba ntse
ba falimehile, empa ha ba bonahale ka tsela eo.

274
00:28:53,260 --> 00:29:03,000
Mme seo re se jesiswang, ho fihlela ka 1990 e ne e le mokgatlo wa
basebetsi, ntwa ya maemo, proletariat ya dinaha tsohle e

275
00:29:03,000 --> 00:29:12,126
kopaneng, mantswe ohle a jwalo a se nang moelelo, ao
jwale a nkelweng sebaka ke mantswe a mang a se nang moelelo.

276
00:29:12,126 --> 00:29:16,743
Mme seo se hlahisa potso ya hore na sena se bile teng jwang.

277
00:29:16,743 --> 00:29:20,083
Phetolo ena e bile teng ka lebaka la eng?

278
00:29:20,083 --> 00:29:27,424
Mme seo se re kgutlisetsa ho kaho ya
mabota, ho kenyeleditswe le Lebota la Berlin.

279
00:29:27,424 --> 00:29:39,707
Hobane lilemong tsa bo-1960, ho bile le phetoho ena, empa
ka morao ho tsamaiso ea pele ea bososhialiste, ho ne ho

280
00:29:39,707 --> 00:29:47,600
ntse ho hlahisoa leano le lecha, khopolo-taba le tse ling.

281
00:29:47,600 --> 00:29:49,380
E re ke e hlalosetse tjena:

282
00:29:49,380 --> 00:29:58,065
Kaho ea Lebota e laetsoe ke Ma-Soviet ka 1960, kahoo ho ile ha
hlokahala hore ho etsoe litokisetso ho netefatsa hore

283
00:29:58,065 --> 00:30:06,860
GDR, ka moruo oa eona o reriloeng, e ka fumana sohle seo
e se hlokang: lisebelisoa tsa kaho le matla a basebetsi.

284
00:30:06,860 --> 00:30:10,460
Mme yaba ba haha lerako.

285
00:30:10,460 --> 00:30:19,755
Lebaka e ne e le hore Mafatshe a Selekane a Bophirimela a ne
a sa batle ho amohela tlhahiso ya Soviet ya ho fetola maemo

286
00:30:19,755 --> 00:30:25,180
a dipolotiki Berlin Bophirimela, e leng Ultimatum ya Berlin.

287
00:30:25,180 --> 00:30:33,871
Mme yaba lebota le ahwa, mme yaba ho bonahala
hore sena se ne se batla se isa GDR boemong

288
00:30:33,871 --> 00:30:38,800
ba ho se busuwe, ke hore, ho putlama ha moruo.

289
00:30:38,800 --> 00:30:46,695
E ne e se morero, ho ne ho se na motho ea ka be a e boletse esale
pele, empa ho ile ha paka hore GDR, e leng naha e le

290
00:30:46,695 --> 00:30:55,104
'ngoe feela e indasterileng ka har'a Eastern Bloc,
moruo o reriloeng oa bososhialiste o ne o sa sebetse.

291
00:30:55,104 --> 00:31:07,680
Ruri le utlwile ka Lefapha la Tshebedisano ya
Kgwebo le hlooho ya lona, Alexander Schalck-Golodkowski.

292
00:31:07,680 --> 00:31:15,330
Pale ena e qala ka 1962, ha Schalck-Golodkowski a fetoha mongoli
wa pele wa boetapele ba setereke sa SED bakeng sa kgwebisano ya

293
00:31:15,330 --> 00:31:22,503
kantle ho naha mme jwale o ne a le tlasa kgatello ho tswa ho
dikhamphani tse ka bang 30 tsa kgwebisano ya kantle ho naha

294
00:31:22,503 --> 00:31:29,879
tse neng di le teng – ba bang ba ne ba sa dumellwa ho etsa
sena GDR – hore a theole dipheo tsa thekiso ya kantle ho naha.

295
00:31:29,879 --> 00:31:35,897
Etsoe, GDR e ne e le naha e tsoetseng pele ka liindasteri, 'me e
ne e reka thepa e tala le lihlahisoa tse sa qetelloang e

296
00:31:35,897 --> 00:31:42,880
le hore e li sebetse ebe e li rekisa lefatšeng ka bophara,
haholo-holo ho Rephaboliki ea Federale ea Jeremane, ehlile.

297
00:31:42,880 --> 00:31:53,261
Empa hobane moruo ona o reriloeng o ne o tiee haholo, lintho
tse nyenyane tse kang litokiso, likarolo tsa tlatsetso le

298
00:31:53,261 --> 00:31:59,104
lisebelisoa li ne li sa rekoe, 'me mechini ea sala e sa sebetse.

299
00:31:59,104 --> 00:32:06,441
Eaba lik'hamphani, lik'hamphani tsa khoebo ea kantle ho naha, li
tla 'me tsa re, e, ha re khone ho romela

300
00:32:06,441 --> 00:32:12,256
thepa kantle hobane k'hamphani XY e sitoa ho e
isa hobane ha ho na likarolo tsa tlatsetso.

301
00:32:12,256 --> 00:32:21,437
Mme ka 1962 le 1963, Schalck o ne a se a buisane le
molaodi wa hae wa MFS mabapi le hore na sena se ka

302
00:32:21,437 --> 00:32:26,413
fetolwa jwang, empa mohopolo oo o ile wa hanwa Moscow.

303
00:32:26,413 --> 00:32:36,968
Ka 1964, maemo a ile a mpefala le ho feta, Khrushchev o ile a
lelekwa pusong, mme ka 1965 Moscow ya fana ka tumello hore

304
00:32:36,968 --> 00:32:48,261
sebopeho sena se tsamaiswe ka ho bapana le moruo o rerilweng e
le kgwebisano ya poraefete ya kantle ho naha ka hare ho GDR.

305
00:32:48,261 --> 00:32:56,820
Eaba ka 1966 ho ba le tokomane ea motheo, mme sebaka
sena sa khokahanyo ea khoebo sa thehoa ka molaoana.

306
00:32:56,820 --> 00:33:02,953
Kahoo seo ha se a ka sa phatlalatswa gazetheng
ya semmuso; seo se ka be se sitisitse tshebetso.

307
00:33:02,953 --> 00:33:15,456
Bophirimela bo ka be bo ntse bo itheka marama matsatsi a
mangata, bo re GDR e pakile hore bokomonisi ha bo sebetse.

308
00:33:15,456 --> 00:33:24,726
Empa sena se ile sa lebisa hore Bophirimela bo fumane
tlhahisoleseding ho tloha ka 1968 ho ya pele, ka letsoho la

309
00:33:24,726 --> 00:33:35,227
molaoli-kakaretso wa Stasi ya Czech ya neng a balehile, hore ho
ne ho phatlaladitswe kopanong ya lehwetla ya Warsaw Pact ka 1966

310
00:33:35,227 --> 00:33:42,200
hore thuto yohle ya bososhialiste e ne e
tla fetolwa le hore Bophirimela bo ne bo tla

311
00:33:42,200 --> 00:33:46,210
dumellwa ho hola ho kena bososhialisteng.

312
00:33:46,210 --> 00:33:52,111
Mme se kgahlang ke hore, selemong se
fetileng hlooho ya pele ya Ofisi ya Federale ya

313
00:33:52,111 --> 00:33:55,850
Tshireletso ya Molaotheo e tiisitse hantle seo.

314
00:33:55,850 --> 00:33:59,170
Na re e mamele?

315
00:33:59,170 --> 00:34:06,226
…Ke 'muelli oa molao, mookameli oa ka e ka ba molaoli kapa ea
lakatsang ho ba molaoli, 'me a re, Monghali Maaßen, nahana

316
00:34:06,226 --> 00:34:13,029
ka hore na o ka fetola demokerasi e lokolohileng joang hore e
be 'muso oa bohatelli o sebetsang ka mokhoa oo ke o ratang.

317
00:34:13,029 --> 00:34:19,403
Ebe nka boela ka nahana ka mekgwa e ka
sebediswang ho qheletsa tsamaiso yohle.

318
00:34:19,403 --> 00:34:28,010
Mme tsela e 'ngoe ea ho fetola tsamaiso hore e be ea
bokopano, moo batho bohle ba lumellanang le ho nahana ka tsela e

319
00:34:28,010 --> 00:34:32,669
tšoanang, ke ho ba tšosa le ho ba ipehela sepheo se phahameng.

320
00:34:32,669 --> 00:34:39,578
Mme ke tlameha ho bolela, mohopolo oa ho sebelisa
maemo a leholimo ho nyenyefatsa molaotheo e ne e le o

321
00:34:39,578 --> 00:34:43,648
bohlale, ho sa tsotellehe hore na ke mang ea o nahanetseng.

322
00:34:43,648 --> 00:34:50,483
Kea tseba hore mehleng ya bo-1960, ho ne ho se ho na le
batho ho KGB ba neng ba nahana ka mokgwa wa ho etsa hore

323
00:34:50,483 --> 00:34:54,170
dinaha tsa Bophirimela di kene tsamaisong ya bososhialiste.

324
00:34:54,170 --> 00:35:01,845
Mehleng eo, tšireletso ea tikoloho e ne e se e ntse e tšohloa ho
KGB. Ka litaba tse kang tikoloho le khanyetso ea khethollo ea

325
00:35:01,845 --> 00:35:08,059
morabe, joalo-joalo, o ka kholisa batho hore ba re, ha re
beheleng demokrasi le puso ea molao ka thoko

326
00:35:08,059 --> 00:35:13,810
hajoale, taba ea bohlokoa ke khanyetso ea
khethollo ea morabe, taba ea bohlokoa ke tikoloho.

327
00:35:13,810 --> 00:35:16,836
Tsena e ne e le mehopolo eo KGB e neng e e-na le eona ka bo-1960.

328
00:35:16,836 --> 00:35:22,663
Empa ke tlameha ho re, ka ho phahamisa
taba ea phetoho ea tlelaemete, kea u hlompha.

329
00:35:22,663 --> 00:35:29,850
Ke ntho e hlollang kannete ho sebedisa taba ya tlelaemete e
le mokgwa wa ho fokolisa mmuso wa molaotheo wa demokerasi.

330
00:35:29,850 --> 00:35:40,963
E, mme seo se re tlisa ho lipakane tse
neng li behiloe Soviet Union ka 1966.

331
00:35:40,963 --> 00:35:44,510
Sepheo sa pele e ne e le ho dumella Bophirimela hore bo hole.

332
00:35:44,510 --> 00:35:49,570
Mme sepheo sa bobedi e ne e le ho etsa tjhelete ka tlelaemete.

333
00:35:49,570 --> 00:35:51,536
Ke seo se etsahetseng.

334
00:35:51,536 --> 00:36:00,721
Kahoo mohato oa pele e bile ho eletsa Motheo oa Roma ka 1967,
mothehi oa Motheo oa Roma, ha re ka rialo, mabapi le

335
00:36:00,721 --> 00:36:09,010
hore na o ka o theha joang le hore na lintlha tsa
oona tsa sehlooho tse lokelang ho shebisisoa ke life.

336
00:36:09,010 --> 00:36:15,910
O ile a fofela Soviet Union ka nako
eo mme a ba le dipuisano tse telele.

337
00:36:15,910 --> 00:36:25,449
Mme kamora moo, ha Club of Rome e thehwa,
baokamedi ba babedi ba KGB e ne e dula e le ditho, ditho

338
00:36:25,449 --> 00:36:30,536
tse feletseng, tsa Club of Rome ho fihlela ka 1992.

339
00:36:30,536 --> 00:36:34,590
Nke ke ka bolela se etsahetseng kamora moo, empa ho ngotsoe.

340
00:36:34,590 --> 00:36:44,125
Ntlha e 'ngoe ke hore ho ile ha thehoa setsi se kopanetsoeng
haufi le Vienna le Maamerika ho sebetsana le ho putlama ha Soviet

341
00:36:44,125 --> 00:36:50,482
Union, moo basebeletsi ba lipolotiki ba
ileng ba koetlisetsoa ho tloha ka 1982 ho ea

342
00:36:50,482 --> 00:36:54,272
pele bakeng sa mehla ea kamorao ho perestroika.

343
00:36:54,272 --> 00:37:06,406
Seo se bolela hore ho na le mabitso a kang Chubais, Wechselberg,
Arwen le a mang, ba ileng ba koetlisetsoa moo eaba,

344
00:37:06,406 --> 00:37:17,206
qetellong ea perestroika, ba kenella ho etsa hore
thepa ea sechaba, thepa ea 'muso, e be ea poraefete.

345
00:37:17,206 --> 00:37:23,040
Mme ke kamoo ba ileng ba fetoha
bo-bilione kapa bo-oligarke bao re buang ka bona.

346
00:37:23,040 --> 00:37:29,920
Naheng ea United States, ho nkile
lilemo tse 200 hore matlotlo ana a hlahelle.

347
00:37:29,920 --> 00:37:37,380
Mme hoo e ne e le dilemo tse tharo ho isa ho tse hlano
tse fetileng, ha boradipolotiki bana ba matla ba hlahile.

348
00:37:37,380 --> 00:37:45,504
Mme bohle ba ile ba makala ka hore
na batho bana ba ruile kapele hakae.

349
00:37:45,504 --> 00:37:47,328
Ruile ka tsela efe?

350
00:37:47,328 --> 00:37:53,582
Ka ho rekisetsa lik'hamphani tsa poraefete, hobane ba
ne ba le mohloling 'me ba ka rekisetsa lik'hamphani

351
00:37:53,582 --> 00:37:56,823
tsa poraefete likhoebo tse amehang, e leng tsa mmuso.

352
00:37:56,823 --> 00:37:59,963
Eo e ne e le ts'ebetso e rarahaneng haholo.

353
00:37:59,963 --> 00:38:05,240
Buka e boetse e hlalosa tshebetso ena ka botlalo.

354
00:38:05,240 --> 00:38:11,883
Mme bo-oligarka ba tsoang Bophirimela,
bo-oligarka ba lichelete, le bona ba ne ba kenetse.

355
00:38:11,883 --> 00:38:16,960
Mme ba ne ba kgethile dikarolo tsa
boleng bo hodimo indastering ya thepa e tala.

356
00:38:16,960 --> 00:38:25,828
Mme Khodorkovsky ke mohlala o jwalo, Abramovich ke e mong, ba
ileng ba fumana dikadimo ho tswa Bophirimela, ba ne ba se ba

357
00:38:25,828 --> 00:38:34,406
filwe ditshepiso tsa dikadimo ho tloha ka 1988, mme yaba,
ha thekiso ya dikhamphani tsa mmuso e ntse e tswela pele, ba

358
00:38:34,406 --> 00:38:39,140
fumana dikhamphani tsena e le batlhokomedi, ha re ka rialo.

359
00:38:39,140 --> 00:38:43,100
Ehlile, seo se ne se sa bonahale.
Motšepuoa, e, o se file motho e mong.

360
00:38:43,100 --> 00:38:47,083
Empa o ne a eme ka pele mme bohle
ba ne ba nahana hore ke mong'a teng.

361
00:38:47,083 --> 00:38:56,385
Mme Roman Abramovich o na le dimilione tse 100 – seo le sona se
ngotswe bukeng. Naheng ya US, ho na le mokgatlo o bitswang Finken,

362
00:38:56,385 --> 00:39:04,546
e leng mofuta wa lefapha la taolo le fuputsang ditlolo tsa
molao tsa ditjhelete, mme ho na le sengolwa se selelele ka ona.

363
00:39:04,546 --> 00:39:12,858
Kahoo o ile a fumana kalimo ya didolara tse dimilione tse 100 mme
a tsetela tjhelete eo khamphaning ya oli, eo a ileng

364
00:39:12,858 --> 00:39:20,490
a e rekisa dilemo tse leshome kapa tse leshome le
metso e mmedi hamorao ka didolara tse dibilione tse 13.5.

365
00:39:20,490 --> 00:39:25,400
Hantle, 'me joale o phela ka lona lonto tse tharo tseo, e.

366
00:39:25,400 --> 00:39:36,296
Hoo ho feteletse hanyane. Kahoo, haeba ke
utlwisisa hantle, ke kabo e hlanyang ya leruo la setjhaba?

367
00:39:36,296 --> 00:39:44,912
E, kamora phetohelo ya pele, ha dikereke tsohle, batlotlehi
le beng ba naha ba baholo, barekisi le bo-rakgwebo, ka

368
00:39:44,912 --> 00:39:49,320
mantsoe a mang, bo-kapitaliste, ba amohuwa thepa ya bona.

369
00:39:49,320 --> 00:39:53,493
Ba bangata ba ile ba bolaoa tshebetsong
eo, ba bangata ba ile ba balehela Europe.

370
00:39:53,493 --> 00:40:04,224
Mme eo e bile letsholo la bobedi la kabo botjha, moo
batho ba ileng ba ruwa ka nako e kgutshwane haholo.

371
00:40:04,224 --> 00:40:10,369
Mehleng eo, mathwasong a lilemo tsa bo-1920 nakong eo ea
moferefere, hoo e ka bang ntho e 'ngoe le e

372
00:40:10,369 --> 00:40:16,693
'ngoe e ile ea fetisetsoa mmusong 'me ea se ke ea
abeloa batho ka bomong, ke hore, ea abuoa bocha.

373
00:40:16,693 --> 00:40:23,900
Kahoo, joale seo Monghadi Maaßen a se
buileng ka tlelaemete ke kabo bocha ea boraro.

374
00:40:23,900 --> 00:40:30,233
Hajoale, ntwa ya maemo a batho e fetohile ntwa ya tlelaemete.

375
00:40:30,233 --> 00:40:40,300
Mme haeba eo e ne e le motho eo, ha re ka rialo, e leng
mokapitale, kajeno ke sera sa bahlabani ba tlelaemete, baetsadibe

376
00:40:40,300 --> 00:40:45,566
ba tlelaemete, le ba senyang tlelaemete ka tsela efe kapa efe.

377
00:40:45,566 --> 00:40:55,375
Ka hona, mohopolo ona kaofela joale o fihlile boemong boo re nang
le makhetho a CO2 – taba eohle ea lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho le eona

378
00:40:55,375 --> 00:41:01,914
ke karolo ea sena, ho bolelang hore ntho e
'ngoe le e 'ngoe e leng ea tlhaho e turu ho

379
00:41:01,914 --> 00:41:05,513
feta – empa hape le lithibelo tsa ho tsamaea.

380
00:41:05,513 --> 00:41:13,212
Jwale re ka bona hore Sehlopha sa VW se
ntse se fokotswa, ke hore, se ntse se honyela.

381
00:41:13,212 --> 00:41:19,125
Qetellong, seo se bolela hore ka lebaka la matšoenyeho a
tlelaemete, lipalangoang tsa poraefete ha li sa

382
00:41:19,125 --> 00:41:25,006
lakatseha; nahana ka litoropo tsa metsotso e 15, moo
o ka etsang ntho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ka baesekele.

383
00:41:25,006 --> 00:41:30,433
Mme haeba o batla ho tloha toropong ya
metsotso e 15, jwale o hloka tumello naheng ya China.

384
00:41:30,433 --> 00:41:32,780
Ho seng jwalo, o ke ke wa feta tshitiso.

385
00:41:32,780 --> 00:41:39,353
Ka hona mekhatlo e hlophisitseng
sena e se e boetse e fumana chelete.

386
00:41:39,353 --> 00:41:41,251
Chelete e etsoa ka moea o chesang.

387
00:41:41,251 --> 00:41:45,984
Mme jwale ke bua ka Monghadi Maaßen.

388
00:41:45,984 --> 00:41:57,840
Hoa thabisa. Kahoo, ha re akaretsa, na re
ka qotsa mothehi oa rona ea molemo oa WEF?

389
00:41:57,840 --> 00:41:58,933
E.

390
00:41:58,933 --> 00:42:00,773
Klaus Schwab.

391
00:42:00,773 --> 00:42:05,280
Michael Wolski E, le hona ho a khahla.

392
00:42:05,280 --> 00:42:13,826
WEF, e leng Foramo ea Moruo ea Lefatše, e thehiloe ka 1972
ke eena, 'me o ntse a le teng le kajeno, ke lefika la 'nete.

393
00:42:13,826 --> 00:42:19,180
Le ke ke la ba le letho, 'me le tla thaba; ke sona sepheo.

394
00:42:19,180 --> 00:42:22,320
Mme seo se re kgutlisetsa ho setjhaba sa bososhialiste.

395
00:42:22,320 --> 00:42:30,497
Joale ba bua ka makhetho ana a CO2, litsamaiso tse ncha tsa ho
futhumatsa – 40% ea batho naheng ea Jeremane ba na le

396
00:42:30,497 --> 00:42:38,750
matlo a bona, 'me ha ke tsebe hore na ke ba bakae ba bona
ba tla khona ho lefella sistimi e ncha ea ho futhumatsa.

397
00:42:38,750 --> 00:42:45,253
Mme yaba dikhamphani tse tummeng tsa Black Rocks le tse tshwanang
le tsona di ka nna tsa ema teng mme tsa re, ho lokile,

398
00:42:45,253 --> 00:42:52,100
re tla e reka ho tswa letlotlong la ho putlama ha
kgwebo, ho tswa fantising ya thekiso ya thepa e hapilweng.

399
00:42:52,100 --> 00:43:00,830
E, ke ka re, ho hotetsa kelello haholo-holo, hore na
re se re fihlile hole hakae tseleng ena ea bobeli.

400
00:43:00,830 --> 00:43:01,490
E.

401
00:43:01,490 --> 00:43:09,189
Motshwantshisi wa KlaTV Motho o tlameha ho botsa hona
jwale hore na bososhialise bo hlile bo shwele hakae ka 1989.

402
00:43:09,189 --> 00:43:18,952
Empa ho akaretsa, ho ka ba thata haholo ho nahana
hore ho na le matla a patiloeng a sebetsang mona, a

403
00:43:18,952 --> 00:43:24,003
bonahalang ka ho hlaka a loantša boiketlo ba batho.

404
00:43:24,003 --> 00:43:33,129
Mme ho fihlela jwale, ho bohlale ka tsela e makatsang,
motho a ka batla a re, ha e le hantle, ho akaretsa tsohle.

405
00:43:33,129 --> 00:43:38,336
E, hore mohlomong tsohle di laolwa ke bohlale ba maiketsetso.

406
00:43:38,336 --> 00:43:48,063
E, qetellong ya puisano ena e kgahlang haholo, nka
kopa ho botsa hore na ho ka etswa eng hape hona jwale?

407
00:43:48,063 --> 00:44:00,670
Hantle, o ka itlhomamisa ka ho fumana tlhahisoleseding e batsi,
ke hore, eseng feela ho fumana tsebo ya hao ho tswa ditabeng tsa

408
00:44:00,670 --> 00:44:09,230
letsatsi le letsatsi, MoMa le Netflix, empa hape
ka ho sebedisa mecha ya phatlalatso e meng

409
00:44:09,230 --> 00:44:14,240
kapa ho nka kgothatso ho tswa mehloding e kang ena.

410
00:44:14,240 --> 00:44:23,751
Ke na le lihokelo tse ka bang 100 bukeng ena tse lebisang
liwebsaeteng moo o ka fumanang lihokelo tsa

411
00:44:23,751 --> 00:44:32,533
lihlooho tse fapaneng, oa bokella mehopolo e
mecha ebe o tsoela pele ka lipatlisiso tsa hau.

412
00:44:32,533 --> 00:44:40,309
Empa seo se bolela ho ikoetlisa, eseng ho dula ka pela
thelevishene o jara mokotlana wa di-crisps mantsiboya.

413
00:44:40,309 --> 00:44:45,060
E, ke nahana re tla nka seo pelong: ho ba
mafolofolo. Ke a leboha haholo ka puisano ena.

414
00:44:45,060 --> 00:44:46,700
Le wena ke a leboha.

415
00:44:46,700 --> 00:44:48,930
Mme re tla boela re bonana hape.

416
00:44:48,930 --> 00:44:50,983
E, kea leboha.