WEBVTT

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Namkelekile, Mnu. Wolski.

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Enkosi ngesimemo esivela kwi-KlaTV.

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Ewe, kunjalo. Senza olu dliwano-ndlebe ngosuku
olukhumbulekayo kakhulu, isikhumbuzo somhla we-9 kuNovemba.

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Ngoku sekuzelwe iminyaka engama-35 kanye
ukusukela ekubhujisweni koMdibaniso waseBerlin ngo-1989.

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Ungumbhali weencwadi ezininzi ezinomdla kakhulu ngalo
mbandela kanye, ezinokufunyanwa nakwiwebhusayithi yakho.

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Kwaye phambi kokuba siqale,
masikuqalise ngokukwazisa kubabukeli bethu.

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UMichael Wolski wazalelwa eSaxony
ngo-1952 wakhulela eMpuma Berlin.

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Ungutata wabantwana abathathu.

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Ngo-1970, emva kokugqiba imfundo yakhe esekondari, waphumelela
isidanga kwezoqoqosho, egxile kurhwebo lwangaphandle.

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Ukususela ngo-1974 ukuza phambili, uMnu. Wolski
wasebenza kurhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe kwi-GDR.

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Ukususela ngo-1986 ukuya ku-1990, wayengunxibelelanisi
wezorhwebo lwangaphandle lwe-GDR kwi-ofisi yenkampani

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yase-US kwiZiko loRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe eMpuma Berlin.

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NgoDisemba ka-1989, wathatha umthwalo wokumisa
inkampani yentengiso eMpuma Berlin egameni leqela.

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Lo myalelo wapheliswa kwakhona ngoJanuwari 1990.

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Ekuqaleni konyaka ka-1991, uMnu. Wolski wadluliselwa eMoscow.

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Apho, wayengumsunguli nentloko yeofisi
yobunozakuzaku yeqela kwi-USSR waza wabona ukuwa

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koManyano lwaseSoviet notshintsho lwaseRashiya.

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Ngo-1998, wabuyela eBerlin waza wasebenza
njengomcebisi kwiinkampani zaseRashiya.

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Ukususela ngo-2006 ukuya ku-2012, wayengumsunguli
nomlawuli woMbutho weeShishini waseJamani naseBosnia eSarajevo.

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UMichael Wolski uthathe umhlalaphantsi ukusukela ngo-2014.

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Ungumbhali weencwadi ezintlanu
malunga nokuwa kweNdonga yaseBerlin.

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Kwinkumbulo zethu nakwiingxelo zamajelo eendaba, ukuwa
koMdibaniso waseBerlin ngo-1989 kuhlala kubonakala njengenguquko

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yoxolo, njengesisiphumo sokungonwabi phakathi kwabemi be-GDR.

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Abantu abaninzi bacinga ngoxolo nemibhikisho.

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Kwaye kwincwadi yakho ethi 1989 Ukuwa kweNdonga yaseBerlin,
uphononongo emva kweminyaka engama-35, wena,

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njengobungqina bale mihla, uchaza ukuwa kweNdonga
njengesiganeko esacetywa saza saphunyezwa ngononophelo.

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Yintoni ekwenza ucinge njalo?

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Ewe, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili kwi-CV yam, ndasebenza
kwi-ofisi yobumeli yenkampani yase-US eMpuma

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Berlin ukusukela ngo-1986 ukuya ku-1990, apho
ndancedisa ekuphuhliseni ishishini lale nkampani kwi-GDR.

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Kwaye xa uDonga lwaseBerlin lwaqulukuzayo ngoNovemba 1989,
intloko yaseSwitzerland yenkampani eyayilawula iofisi

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yafika ngoDisemba yaza yathi, Mike, unomsebenzi okhethekileyo.

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Siza kuseka inkampani yethu engaphantsi
kweyona enkulu yokuthengisa e-GDR, njengoko

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senjenjalo ePoland, eCzechia naseHungary.

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Kwaye umsebenzi wakho kukusungula esi siseko, masithi, nokwenza
amalungiselelo afanelekileyo,

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anjengokunxibelelana negqwetha, ukugqiba ngempahla kunye
nokuba bangaphi abantu abaza kubandakanyeka.

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Kwaye ngoku kwakusele iintsuku nje ezimbalwa phambi kweKrisimesi.

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Ndiqale le nto ndaza ndafuna ukuba neentetho
nabantu abafanelekileyo abanoxanduva lwesigaba

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ngasinye somsebenzi ekuqaleni kukaJanyuwari.

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Kwaye ke ngomhla we-9 kuJanuwari 1990, kwafika umnxeba wathi
mayiyekwe yonke into. Asisayi kuseka inkampani yethu engaphantsi.

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Ishishini lethu liza kudluliselwa
kwinkampani yethu engumthunzi waseJamani.

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Kwakukho inkampani enkulu kakhulu
kwiRiphabliki yeFederal yaseJamani, eNeuss.

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Kwaye oko kwandimangalisa. Ndaye
ndabuza umbuzo, ewe, kutheni ipheliswa?

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Kwaye ke umphathi wandixelela, ewe, sifumene
imiyalelo evela e-USA yokuba akusayi kubakho i-GDR.

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Loo nto yayingomhla we-9 kuJanuwari 1990.

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Kwaye ukuba sijonga emva kwimbali, kwada kwangomhla we-13
kaFebruwari 1990 xa abane oMahlakani kunye

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nooMphathiswa ababini bezangaphandle baseJamani badibana baza
bagqiba ekubeni baqalise iingxoxo ngokudityaniswa kweJamani.

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Ngoko ke oko kuthetha ukuba abaphathi
abaphezulu babesele besazi isiphumo kwangaphambili.

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Kwaye okunika umdla kukuba, naphambi kokuba kufike umhla we-13
kaFebruwari, kwabakho umnxeba wesibini apho ndaxelelwa ukuba

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yonke into kufuneka igqitywe ngomhla wama-30 kuJuni
1990, oko kukuthi, ukudityaniswa kweshishini

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lase-GDR kwinkampani engaphantsi kwayo yaseNtshona Jamani.

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Ewe, kwaye ke ngoMeyi safunda ukuba umanyano
lwemali luya kwenzeka ngomhla woku-1 kuJulayi.

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Kwaye nabani na osathetha ngesiganeko
esingalindelekanga, ndicinga ukuba akanabuchopho.

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Kodwa oko kuphakamisa umbuzo:
ngubani kanye kanye owayefuna uDonga luwe?

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Ewe, xa ndandiseMoscow, ndathetha
nabantu abaninzi ababenolwazi olukhulu.

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Umzekelo, amalungu awayesakuba
ngawakwa-KGB awayegxothiwe emva kokuwa kobukhomanisi.

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Ngoko ke iSoviet Union yahlakazeka, intswela-ntsalo kurhwebo
lwangaphandle yawa, kwaye iinkampani ezizimeleyo

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ngoku zazikwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yokuthumela
impahla kumazwe angaphandle nokungenisa impahla.

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Kwenzeka ke ukuba kwezi zebe zorhwebo lwaphesheya zezi zixhobo
zokulima ezidibanisiweyo, endandifanele ngoku ndiye kuzo

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endaweni yokuya kwinkampani yorhwebo lwaphesheya
eMoscow, kwakukho abantu ababuthetha ngokutyibilikayo isiJamani.

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Kwaye ke, isiRashiya nesiNgesi sam zazingekho
kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ngoko ke bandibuza, 'Uvela phi?'

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Kwaye xa ibhalwe uMichael Wolski kwikhadi
leshishini, ibingacace kangako ukuba yeyakhe,

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njengakwimeko kaFritz Müller okanye into efana naleyo.

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Kwaye xa ndithetha loo nto, evela
kwi-GDR, ubuso bakhe babengezela:

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Nam bendikwi-GDR iminyaka emihlanu. Bendithetha isiJamani
kakuhle, kwaye bendisazi ukuba wayengengomkhosi, kuba amagosa

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ayehlala kwi-GDR iminyaka emithathu kuphela ubuninzi. Kwaye
abo babe kwamanye amajoni babesahlala ixesha elide kancinci.

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Kwaye ke kwabakho iincoko ezinomdla, apho
bandixelela lukhulu nge-GDR endandingazi ngako malunga

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nezakhiwo zobunkokeli kunye nobudlelwane bamandla.

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Ewe, ndifunda kakhulu, iincwadi zabopolitiki baseSoviet,
oonozakuzaku, amagosa eenkonzo ezimfihlo njalo njalo.

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Kwaye kancinci kancinci umfanekiso wacaca ukuba esi
sasingumsitho owawufihliwe emva kwesigqubuthelo, kwaye

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eso sigqubuthelo sasibizwa ngokuba nguHlaziyo woXolo.

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Okunika umdla kukuba, ekuqaleni kuka-2015,
kwakukho iimpapasho ezintathu ezakhanyisa lo mcimbi.

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Eyokuqala yayikukuba ngomhla wesi-2 kuNovemba 2014,
kwavela inqaku kwi-Der Spiegel elichaza ukuba

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uGorbachev noShevardnadze babefuna uDonga luwe kwangoko.

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Bobabini baye kubona u-Erich, owayeseBerlin kwinkomfa...

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Lwalungaphi olo?

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Kwakungu-1987 oko. Ngomhla wama-28 okanye wama-29 kuMeyi 1987,
bamyalela u-Erich Honecker baza bamxelela ukuba iNdonga

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ayisafaneleki kumfanekiso weYurophu emanyeneyo
awayewukhulise uGorbachev, kwaye ayihambelani

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nokunciphisa izixhobo, kwaye kufuneka ayidilize iNdonga.

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Kwaye ke uErich wema etafileni, masithi, waza wathi hayi.

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Oku kwakukubaxa kakhulu, kuba no-Erich wayesazi
ukuba akuzukufika ootanki, njengoko kwenzeka ePrague

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ngo-1968, ukuba ungawenzi oko kwakufunwa yiMoscow.

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Kwaza ke bobabini bemka.

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Okunika umdla kukuba, kwiintsuku ezili-14 kamva uReagan wayeseWest
Berlin waza wathetha kwicala lasentshona leBrandenburg Gate.

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Kwaye ke kwabakho, njengoko ubona ngokucacileyo kumfanekiso,
intetho edumileyo kaMnu Gorbachev ethi, 'Dilizani le donga!'.

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Ngoko ke akazange athi nguHonecker, kodwa wathi nguGorbachev.

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Ngoko wayesazi ukuba ngubani ophetheyo.

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Kwaye ngenxa yokuba oko akuzange kwenzeke,
kwabakho iphulo elifihlakeleyo lamaSoviet ngo-1989.

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Kwaye oku kuchazwe kwincwadi ebizwa ngokuba yi-Operation Lutsch,
eyapapashwa ngasekupheleni kuka-2014 okanye ekuqaleni kuka-2015,

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yabhalwa ligosa elalifihlakele lenkonzo yobuntlola
yomkhosi we-GDR, elachaza indlela iNdonga eyawa

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ngayo kunye namalungiselelo enziwa kwangaphambili.

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Kwaye ingongoma yesithathu yayiziganeko zaseHungary, ngokudilizwa
kweenqaba zemida ngo-1989, apho le ntlanganiso yenzeka khona,

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le pikniki, apho phantse abemi abangama-700 base-GDR bathatha
ithuba baza bahamba baye kwiRiphabliki yeFederal nge-Austria.

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Kuyachulumancisa. Ingaba unazo ezinye
iimzekelo zeziganeko apho uvakalelwa kukuba

10:08.987 --> 10:11.863
okwenzekileyo kufana nento ephuma kwiskripthi sefilimu?

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Kakade ke, kwakusekho iziganeko ezimbalwa.

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Xa ujonge umhla we-9 kuNovemba ngoku, indlela loo mini
eyayicwangciswe ngayo, nendlela eyenzeka

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ngayo, konke kukhona kwimifanekiso esiyiqhelileyo
sonke, kodwa kunikwe ingcaciso eyahlukileyo.

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Ndikwakhankanyile oku encwadini, ukuba, umzekelo, into
esinokuyibona kamva, xa uSchabowski efunda umbhalo

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wakhe, kukuba bekukho into eyayiphelile kulo mbhalo, kodwa
uEgon Krenz wayifake, yokuba bekukho ixesha lokuthintela.

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Ingaba singayiphulaphula loo nto okomzuzwana?

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...sigqibe kwelokuba samkele ummiselo namhlanje
oza kwenza ukuba wonke ummi we-GDR akwazi

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ukushiya ilizwe ngamaqonga okutshintshela umda e-GDR.

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Kwicandelo leendaba lesebe, iBhunga labaPhathiswa ligqibe
kwelokuba olu lungiselelo lwethutyana luza kuqala ukusebenza de

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ummiselo wasemthethweni ofanelekileyo wenziwe yiNdlu yabaSebenzi.

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Kwaye lo mbhalo awufundileyo unesaziso sokuthintelwa.

11:41.363 --> 11:48.323
Kwaye oko kwakuzakwaziswa kunomathotholo
kuphela ngentsimbi yesihlanu ngentsasa elandelayo.

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Kwaye esi sithintelo sisusiwe, ukuze ukuba ikhona inguqulelo
ende, ahlale phantsi aze akhangele aze ajonge aze

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athi ngandlel' ithile wayenomva wokuba into enjengale
imele ukuba ikhona, kodwa akakwazanga ukuyifumana.

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Oku kubangele isiphithiphithi kwiindawo zokuwela umda.

12:08.600 --> 12:17.152
Kwaye loo nto yayikwangumsebenzi
owayeucwangciswe yinkonzo yobuntlola yomkhosi waseSoviet.

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Ngoku ke umbuzo abantu abaninzi base-GDR
ababezibuza wona ngelo xesha. Kutheni kungadutyulwanga?

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Ewe, yiyo leyo ingongoma elandelayo.

12:25.320 --> 12:36.003
Ngoko ke, ekuqaleni kuka-1989,
kwabakho ukudubulana okubulalayo emdeni.

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Emva koko uChris Geffroy osemtsha wadutyulwa
wabulawa eBerlin, nto leyo eyayiyintlekele enkulu

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kuShevardnadze noGorbachev kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yabo.

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Noko ke, njengoko umda osentshona we-GDR wawuphantsi kolawulo
lweWarsaw Pact, kwabhengezwa ngo-Epreli ngamajoni omda

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ase-GDR, kodwa kwagqitywa yiWarsaw Pact, ukuba akusayi
kuphinda kusetyenziswe zixhobo zomlilo kumda osentshona.

13:09.020 --> 13:11.463
Loo nto yayingomhla we-12 kuTshazimpuzi.

13:11.463 --> 13:19.149
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusukela ngeli xesha,
abalindi bomda babebonakala bekumsebenzi bexhobe

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ngeemipu ezincinci ezizulazulayo, kodwa bengenazibhamu.

13:23.956 --> 13:29.056
Kwaye yayingamagosa kuphela aneembumbulu zezixhobo zabo zobuqu.

13:29.056 --> 13:37.184
Oku kuthetha ukuba, ukususela ngoku, kwakusele
kucacile ukuba olu lwakhiwo lwemida lwaluzakuphela.

13:37.184 --> 13:41.203
Ewe kona, loo nto ibingaziwa; ibiyimfihlo ephezulu.

13:41.203 --> 13:45.050
Kuba ke ngoko, kwakuya kube sele kukho umbuthumbuthu emdeni.

13:45.050 --> 13:49.020
Ewe, kodwa babengengamajoni e-GDR kuphela.

13:49.020 --> 13:53.792
Abantu babekwamangaliswa kukuba apho onke amajoni
aseRashiya, awayefumaneka kuyo yonke indawo e-GDR.

13:53.792 --> 14:03.216
Ewe, kwaye oko kwakucwangciswe kakuhle
kwangaphambili kakhulu kwesi siganeko sango-9 Novemba.

14:03.216 --> 14:08.665
Ngoko ke, umhla wesi-7 kuNovemba yayiyeyona
holide yezopolitiko ibalulekileyo kwiSoviet

14:08.665 --> 14:12.010
Union, iNguquko eNkulu yamaSoshalisti yase-Okthobha.

14:12.010 --> 14:15.800
Ngelo xesha kwakungu-Okthobha kuba babenekhalenda eyahlukileyo.

14:15.800 --> 14:25.077
Kwaye ke ezi mbhiyozo bezisoloko zithatha iintsuku
ezimbini, ngoko ke umhla we-7 nowe-8 kuNovemba yayizii holide

14:25.077 --> 14:29.740
zikawonke-wonke eSoviet Union, iholide ephindwe kabini.

14:29.740 --> 14:34.883
Kwaye ngelo xesha, amajoni aseSoviet ahlaliswa.

14:34.883 --> 14:43.203
EGDR, babevumelekile kuphela ukuphuma bekwamaqela;
babengavumelekanga ukuphuma ngabanye, kwaye ke la masosha

14:43.203 --> 14:48.000
avalelwa ezindlini zomkhosi de kwaba ngomhla we-13 kuNovemba.

14:48.000 --> 14:50.856
Kwaye kwakukho esinye isizathu saloo nto.

14:50.856 --> 14:56.983
Rhoqo ngonyaka, phakathi kwama-300
nama-400 amajoni aseSoviet ayesabela.

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Abaninzi babefuna ukuya eMpuma, babefuna ukuya
ekhaya, kwaye abanye babefuna ukuya eNtshona.

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Kwaye ukusukela ngomhla wesi-3 okanye wesi-4 ku-Agasti 1989, xa
umgcini-mda waseMpuma Jamani wadutyulwa wabulawa

15:12.634 --> 15:21.116
ngumkhosi waseSoviet obalayo, oko kukuthi omkileyo,
kwimida esentshona, kwakukho zonke izizathu zokubavalela.

15:21.116 --> 15:36.283
Kuba ukuba umda ubuvuliwe, amajoni aseSoviet anokuba azimanye
nesihlwele, exhome isixhobo, aze abangele umhlambi wegazi.

15:36.283 --> 15:39.140
Ewe kona, bekukho nezinye iingongoma ezimbalwa kananjalo.

15:39.140 --> 15:45.756
Oyena mmeli uphezulu weSoviet, ummeli
wezopolitiko kwi-GDR, yayiyintloko yeziko.

15:45.756 --> 15:55.523
Kwaye oko nako bekunokubangela ukuthunyelwa
kwamajoni aseSoviet ukuba akhusele umda welizwe.

15:55.523 --> 16:03.813
Njengoko kwenzeka ngo-1953, uMkomishinala oMkhulu
wangoko e-GDR, uSemjonow, naye wayalela amajoni aseSoviet

16:03.813 --> 16:08.176
ukuba asebenzise izixhobo zomlilo ngomhla we-17 kuJuni.

16:08.176 --> 16:10.816
Loo nto ayenzwanga eMoscow, kodwa yenzeka eBerlin.

16:10.816 --> 16:21.240
Kwaye ukuze kususwe nayiphi na ingozi, kuba kwakusaziwa ukuba
umphathi-mkhosi wamajoni aseSoviet apha e-GDR

16:21.240 --> 16:32.566
wayengumntu, masithi, onzima ukuqondwa, inowuthi yaseSoviet
yanikwa ipilisi lokulala okanye wazithathela ngokwakhe.

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Nangona kunjalo, akazange aphendule ngobo busuku.

16:37.343 --> 16:45.824
Kwaye oko kwakuthetha ukuba umntu ekuphela
kwakhe obengayinika imiyalelo wayengekho.

16:45.824 --> 16:50.420
Ewe, kunye nobunkokeli, oko kukuthi uHonecker nabalingane bakhe?

16:50.420 --> 16:58.943
Kulungile, babe nayo leyo ebusuku, xa kwaziwa... Kwakukho
enye into, kwakusekho naloo ntlanganiso yeKomiti ePhakathi.

16:58.943 --> 17:08.058
Intlanganiso yeKomiti ePhakathi, eyayisenzeka
ngexesha elinye nentetho kaSchabowski, yayifanele

17:08.058 --> 17:13.643
ukuba iphele malunga nentsimbi yesi-6 ngokuhlwa.

17:13.643 --> 17:21.888
Kodwa ke, abantu ababebonakala ngokucacileyo
ukuba bayalelwe yinkonzo yobuntlola bomkhosi

17:21.888 --> 17:26.916
waseSoviet okanye yeyaseGDR, bayalolula intlanganiso.

17:26.916 --> 17:32.030
Ngoko uthe awunakwahlukana nawe, unengxaki ezininzi kakhulu.

17:32.030 --> 17:36.716
Ngaloo ndlela bayayeka intlanganiso
yaqhubeka de yaba ngentsimbi ye-8:40 ngokuhlwa.

17:36.716 --> 17:43.488
Yayilelo kanye lixesha xa uSchabowski wathi iya kuqala
ukusebenza kwangoko, kwaye abantu baqalisa ukungqubana

17:43.488 --> 17:48.236
besiya kwindawo yokuwela umda, ingakumbi eBornholmer Strasse.

17:48.236 --> 17:53.483
Kwaye oko kwabhengezwa kumabonakude, kuqala kumabonakude waseMpuma
Jamani, kwaza emva koko kumabonakude waseNtshona Jamani.

17:53.483 --> 18:01.472
Kwaye bebeseKomiti ePhambili, behleli ngathi
kwigumbi labagula abosulelayo, ukutsho njalo.

18:01.472 --> 18:05.240
Ngelo xesha kwakungekho zifowuni
eziphathwayo, ngoko ke akukho mntu wayenokudlala aze

18:05.240 --> 18:07.260
akhwaze esithi, "Owu, kwenzeke ntoni ngoku?"

18:07.260 --> 18:13.906
Hayi, hayi. Kwaye bafumanise ngayo
kuphela malunga nentsimbi ye-10 ebusuku.

18:13.906 --> 18:18.510
ISebe lezoKhuselo le-GDR laliseStrausberg, hayi eBerlin.

18:18.510 --> 18:25.778
Ngoko ke baqhuba baye apho, kwaye emva kwentsimbi
ye-8:40 ebusuku bafika eStrausberg malunga nentsimbi

18:25.778 --> 18:30.096
ye-10 ebusuku, yaye kulapho ke ilizwi laqala ukusasazeka.

18:30.096 --> 18:39.163
Kodwa amaSoviet ayenegalelo koku, ngoko ke
iingcinga zokumisa mhlawumbi iidivizhini

18:39.163 --> 18:44.243
zokuqala zeembumbulu ezihamba ngeenjini zala.

18:44.243 --> 18:45.563
Kuyachulumancisa. Michael

18:45.563 --> 18:52.737
Kwaye ukuba kubakho imibuzo ngoku, kodwa
babekho abatshintshi bezopolitiko abanoxolo,

18:52.737 --> 18:56.070
ewe, babekho, kuba babesele belungiselelwe.

18:56.070 --> 19:05.355
Ngoko ke loo nto yayivela kwi-Soviet military intelligence
service, hayi kwi-Stasi okanye kwi-KGB, kodwa ikwavela

19:05.355 --> 19:13.473
nakwiinkonzo zaseNtshona, ngoko abantu baphuma baya
ezitratweni, abantu baqhankqalaza, bafaka amakhandlela

19:13.473 --> 19:18.400
ezifestileni zabo njalo njalo, ngoko ke loo nto yayisele ikho.

19:18.400 --> 19:25.149
Kaloku, yayiza kufuneka kamva
ukubalisa ibali labatshintsheli abanoxolo.

19:25.149 --> 19:30.063
Kwaye bekungayi kusebenza kakuhle ukuba kungabantu abathathu
nje abemi apho besithi, "Nantsi, aba yayingabatshintshi

19:30.063 --> 19:32.630
abathathu abanoxolo," kuba oko bekungayi kusebenza kakuhle.

19:32.630 --> 19:38.050
Ngoko ke kwafuneka ibe linyathelo elikhulu,
nangokwengingqi, kungekuphela eLeipzig naseBerlin, kodwa

19:38.050 --> 19:41.760
nakwezinye izixeko apho ezi ziboniso zazibanjelwe khona.

19:41.760 --> 19:47.263
Kuyachulumancisa. Ngoko ke, ukushwankathela oko sikuthethileyo
ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kuba sibona into efanayo isenzeka

19:47.263 --> 19:55.328
namhlanje, apho amashumi amawaka abantu ephuma aye ezitratweni
ngooMvulo beqhankqalazela, kanye njengoko kwakunjalo ngelo xesha.

19:55.328 --> 20:04.320
Ngoku uthi ubunkokeli baseSoviet ngokwenene
baceba ukuwa kweDiniwe kwaye baxhaphaza ezi ziboniso.

20:04.320 --> 20:10.363
Ekugqibeleni, ucebise ukuba iiarhente
zobuntlola zaseNtshona nazo zidlale indima esebenzayo.

20:10.363 --> 20:15.394
Ngoko ke, ndiyaqonda kakuhle na ukuba
iMpuma neNtshona, ezaziyiintshaba

20:15.394 --> 20:19.616
ngokusesikweni, ngoku zisebenzisana ngenjongo ethile?

20:19.616 --> 20:28.669
Ndicinga njalo. Ungayibona, le ntsinga
idla-ndlela ebikhona kwimbali ukusukela ngo-1917, 18.

20:28.669 --> 20:36.870
Ngoku zininzi kakhulu iincwadi
ezingqina ukuba olu nxibelelwano lwakho.

20:36.870 --> 20:45.554
Uninzi lwazo lwalukwicandelo lezoqoqosho, kodwa ezinye zazo
zazikwicala lezopolitiko, ngoko ke ngokuqinisekileyo kwakukho

20:45.554 --> 20:51.380
iingcebiswano rhoqo phakathi kweenkonzo zamazwe amalungu.

20:51.380 --> 20:58.100
Kuyathakazelisa. Ngoko ke, bekukho amadama
phakathi kweebhloko zaseMpuma naseNtshona?

20:58.100 --> 21:03.840
Ndingathi ewe. Kaloku, ndakha ndasebenza
kwibhulorho enje. Loo nto yayikurhwebo.

21:03.840 --> 21:08.803
I-GDR yayinomdla kakhulu ekutsaleni ezi nkampani zase-US.

21:08.803 --> 21:17.719
Xa ezi nkampani zaseMelika zafika ngo-1985, kumele ukuba
bezisele zisazi into ethile, kuba zafika ngaxeshanye

21:17.719 --> 21:22.816
kwaye zafuna ukuqesha abemi baseMpuma Jamani njengabasebenzi.

21:22.816 --> 21:30.895
Babenokuzisa abantu babo ngelo xesha, babenokukhangela
abantu eWest Berlin, kwaye babenokusebenzisa abarhwebi bamanye

21:30.895 --> 21:34.115
amazwe ababecwangciswe yiZiko loRhwebo lwaMazwe ngaMazwe.

21:34.115 --> 21:35.903
Kwaye bafuna le yokugqibela.

21:35.903 --> 21:45.949
Kodwa babengekho, ngoko ke kwanyanzeleka ukuba kuqalwe
uphendlo, kuba aba bantu babedinga ipaspoti yaseNtshona.

21:45.949 --> 21:53.040
Ngoko ke kwanyanzeleka ukuba badlule kuyo yonke loo
nkqubo yase-GDR, masithi, ukuze babe ngamagosa ezohambo.

21:53.040 --> 21:58.856
Kwaza ke ndasondelelwa ndaza ndaba
nomdla kuloo msebenzi, ngoko ke ndathi ewe.

21:58.856 --> 22:06.304
Kwaye ke ndaqala lo msebenzi ekuqaleni kuka-1986, ngo-Epreli.

22:06.304 --> 22:10.903
Kodwa zazikho ezinye iibhulorho ezininzi, ukuba sikhumbula.

22:10.903 --> 22:15.516
Ngoko ke uAngela Merkel uvela kusapho lwabaphathiswa.

22:15.516 --> 22:22.880
Kwaye umfundisi, uMnu Kassner, wayenesizinda
soqeqesho lwabafundisibenzi bezakwalizwi eTemplin.

22:22.880 --> 22:30.036
Iingcali zezakwalizwi ezivela kuMbindi
Weurophu nazo zazikhe zibe iindwendwe rhoqo apho.

22:30.036 --> 22:36.203
Kwaye mhlawumbi sele bemjongile uAngela.

22:36.203 --> 22:41.296
Ngubani owaziyo. Kodwa kuvakala ngathi kukho
uhlobo oluthile lwe-ajenda esebenzayo apha.

22:41.296 --> 22:49.850
Ngoko ke ayisiyiyo icebo elicingwe
izolo, akunjalo? Sele kudala isenziwa ke?

22:49.850 --> 22:56.456
Ndicinga njalo. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba
sibuyele kuKarl Marx ngeenkcukacha apha.

22:56.456 --> 23:03.551
Kodwa nina zisebenzi zehlabathi lonke, manyanani! Oku
kusebenza kuphela xa oosomashishini behlabathi lonke

23:03.551 --> 23:07.920
bemanyene, kuba izisebenzi zixhomekeke koosomashishini.

23:07.920 --> 23:19.418
Kodwa ke kwabakho uVukelo lwango-Okthobha ngo-1917, kwaye
ukusukela ngoko kuye kwabakho iincwadi ezininzi, ingakumbi

23:19.418 --> 23:29.926
ezivela eUnited States, ezichaza ngokweenkcukacha
ezipheleleyo unxulumano phakathi kweWall Street noVukelo

23:29.926 --> 23:35.700
lwamaBolshevik, umzekelo ezo zibhalwe nguAnthony Sutton.

23:35.700 --> 23:46.715
Kwakhona ichaza indlela uTrotsky noLenin, ababenemali, omnye
evela kwabaseki beFederal Reserve waze omnye

23:46.715 --> 23:56.496
wafumana inkxaso kwi-Abwehr yaseJamani,
abahamba baya ePetrograd ukuze bavuse inguquko apho.

23:56.496 --> 24:06.053
Abanye kungenxa yokuba babone ukuba ilizwe lalikulungele
utshintsho, ingakumbi oosomali baseMelika, ababefuna ukulifaka

24:06.053 --> 24:13.601
ilizwe phantsi kweliso labo, masithi, kunye noLenin kuba
wayefuneka ukuqinisekisa isivumelwano

24:13.601 --> 24:22.380
sokuphelisa ukulwa, esathi kamva saba sisivumelwano
sexesha, nokukhulula iJamani kwicala lesibini lemfazwe.

24:22.380 --> 24:31.341
Ngoko ke oko kuthetha ukuba uMnqophololo
waseBrest-Litovsk waphunyezwa kwaye iJamani yarhoxa kulo mbutho

24:31.341 --> 24:36.064
wamaNtu ahlangeneyo – eh, yaba yiRashiya eyarhoxayo.

24:36.064 --> 24:44.740
Ngelo xesha, yayisengumbuso waseRashiya; iSoviet Union yasekwa
kuphela ngoDisemba 1922, kodwa elo yayilisigaba sotshintsho.

24:44.740 --> 24:56.078
Kwaye ngelo xesha, amaMelika amisa indoda
eyayisele iyamazi uLenin yaza yenza izivumelwano

24:56.078 --> 25:02.150
zokuqala naye. Loo ndoda yayingu-Armand Hammer.

25:02.150 --> 25:09.273
Kwaye kude kube sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1990, kamsinya
phambi kokusweleka kwakhe, wayengunxibelelanisi

25:09.273 --> 25:13.856
phakathi kweKhabhinethi yase-US kunye nePolitburo.

25:13.856 --> 25:24.350
Kwaye zonke ezi projekthi zinkulu zokungenisa izinto zaseSoviet
Union ezibandakanya iifektri, izikhululo zombane wamanzi, kodwa

25:24.350 --> 25:31.291
kwakunye nesivumelwano somhlaba
nesokuqeshisa ngexesha leMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi,

25:31.291 --> 25:37.740
zagqitywa phantsi kolwalathiso lwakhe, masithi.

25:37.740 --> 25:42.820
Ewe, kwaye ke, uArmand Hammer
wayeyibhiliyoneya, kule minyaka idlulileyo.

25:42.820 --> 25:49.603
Utata wakhe wayengumsunguli weQela lamaKhomanisi,
engomnye wabasunguli beQela lamaKhomanisi lase-USA.

25:49.603 --> 25:55.246
Kwaye, ewe, wayekwangomnye wabamkeli be-Order of Lenin.

25:55.246 --> 25:59.940
Kukho unxibelelwano olucacileyo phakathi
kwezi zithili zimbini, kufuneka kuthiwe.

25:59.940 --> 26:05.340
Kodwa ngoku, kwakhona, kuba ndikholelwa ukuba
kubaluleke kakhulu kwento eyenzekayo namhlanje, masijonge emva.

26:05.340 --> 26:14.225
Uthe i-FED, oko kukuthi i-Federal Reserve,
ezona zityebi zibalulekileyo kwezemali kwihlabathi

26:14.225 --> 26:18.740
laseNtshona, yaqalisa uVukelo lwango-Okthobha.

26:18.740 --> 26:19.580
Ewe.

26:19.580 --> 26:24.543
Ngoko ke, kumele ukuba babenomdla ocacileyo wezemali apho?

26:24.543 --> 26:31.552
Kulungile, ngokuqinisekileyo. Intshisekelo ibikukubusa iRashiya.

26:31.552 --> 26:33.920
Kodwa ubungenakukwenza oko ngokuthe ngqo.

26:33.920 --> 26:46.560
Ngoko ke bazama oko, kwabakho imfazwe yamakhaya,
eyayibandakanya nabalwi baseMelika, baseBritane nabaseJapan.

26:46.560 --> 26:48.816
Kodwa ilizwe lalikhulu kakhulu.

26:48.816 --> 27:01.936
Kwaye yile nto abazamile ukuyenza apho, ukuseka
urhulumente owayexhomekeke kubo, kodwa ongaziwayo lihlabathi.

27:01.936 --> 27:09.525
Akukho mntu obengacinga ukuba aba makomanisi
aseRashiya ekugqibeleni baxhaswa ngemali yiNtshona

27:09.525 --> 27:13.760
kwisigaba sokuqala, baza kamva balawulwa yiyo.

27:13.760 --> 27:23.220
Seso kwakhona isizathu sokuba abantu abaninzi
bangaqondi ukuba iSoviet Union yadiliza eyayo inkqubo.

27:25.200 --> 27:32.950
Ngoko ke, ukuwa koDonga lwaseBerlin kwathi phantse kwaba
kukukhululeka kolawulo phezu kwamazwe obusoshiyali aseYurophu.

27:32.950 --> 27:39.692
Kwaza ke kwalandela ukurhoxa komkhosi
waseSoviet, okwathatha kude kube ngo-1994,

27:39.692 --> 27:44.496
kwalandela ke utshabalaliso lweSoviet Union ngokwayo.

27:44.496 --> 27:50.410
Kwaye xa uGorbachev wangena e-ofisini,
wayichaza kakuhle le nto nge-perestroika ne-glasnost.

27:50.410 --> 27:57.434
I-Perestroika ithetha ukulungiswa ngokutsha,
kwaye i-glasnost ithetha ukungafihli nto. Kwaye

27:57.434 --> 28:01.200
yile nto kanye awayefuna ukuyilungisa ngokutsha.

28:01.200 --> 28:09.413
Yaye ke into esayifumanayo yaba kukuba oku kwabangela
ukuvela kolu hlobo lwabantu abalawulayo, yaza le Politburo kunye

28:09.413 --> 28:13.952
neqela, nazo zonke izakhiwo zayo, zanyamalala ngequbuliso.

28:13.952 --> 28:21.024
Kwaye umzabalazo wamaklasa esasinawo ngelo
xesha waguquka waba ngumzabalazo wemozulu.

28:21.024 --> 28:24.320
Kulungile, oko kusizisa kusuku lanamhlanje, ndicinga.

28:24.320 --> 28:25.440
Ewe, ewe.

28:25.440 --> 28:29.040
Le ibiya kuba ngumbuzo wam olandelayo.

28:29.040 --> 28:36.294
Uchazile ukuba, kuyo yonke imbali
yaseRashiya, okanye iSoviet Union, kuye kuhlala kukho

28:36.294 --> 28:41.180
impembelelo yee-oligarchs ezinkulu zezemali.

28:41.180 --> 28:44.320
Kulungile, namhlanje?

28:46.816 --> 28:53.260
Michael Wolski:] Kulungile, ndicinga ukuba
basaphaphile, kodwa ababonakali ngolo hlobo.

28:53.260 --> 29:01.649
Kwaye into esasihlaselwa ngayo de kwangowe-1990 kwi-Eastern Bloc
yayiyile iqela lekhaya elisebenzayo, umzabalazo wamakala,

29:01.649 --> 29:08.594
niphikisane bantu basebenzayo bazo zonke iintlanga
– zonke ezi yayizintetho ezingenantsingiselo ngoku

29:08.594 --> 29:12.126
endaweni yazo kufakwe ezinye ezingenantsingiselo.

29:12.126 --> 29:16.743
Kwaye oko kuphakamisa umbuzo wokuba oku kwenzeke njani.

29:16.743 --> 29:20.083
Kutheni le tshintsho yenzekile?

29:20.083 --> 29:27.424
Kwaye oko kusibuyisela ekwakhiweni
kodonga, oko kukuthi, uDonga lwaseBerlin.

29:27.424 --> 29:39.411
Kuba ngeminyaka yoo-1960, kwabakho olu tshintsho, kodwa
ngasemva kweqonga lenkqubo yososhalizim ebedlulileyo,

29:39.411 --> 29:47.600
kwakusaphuhliswa isicwangciso esitsha nethiyori njalo njalo.

29:47.600 --> 29:49.380
Mandikucacisele ngolu hlobo:

29:49.380 --> 29:58.025
Ulwakhiwo loDonga lwayalelwa ngamaSoviet ngo-1960, ngoko ke
kwanyanzeleka ukuba kwenziwe amalungiselelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba

29:58.025 --> 30:06.860
i-GDR, ngqoqosho layo elicwangcisiweyo, ingakwazi ukufumana
yonke into eyayiyidinga: izixhobo zokwakha kunye nabasebenzi.

30:06.860 --> 30:10.460
Kwaye ke bakha udonga.

30:10.460 --> 30:19.417
Isizathu yayikukuba amaZwe aseNtshona angafuni
ukwamkela isiphakamiso seSoviet sokutshintsha

30:19.417 --> 30:25.180
imeko yezopolitiko eWest Berlin, iBerlin Ultimatum.

30:25.180 --> 30:38.800
Kwaye ke kwakhiwa uDonga, kwaza kwacaca ukuba oku kwakukhokelela
i-GDR ekubeni ingabusi, oko kukuthi, ekudilikeni koqoqosho.

30:38.800 --> 30:46.426
Loo nto ibingeyiyo injongo, akukho mntu nobe wayenokuyiqikelela,
kodwa kwangqineka ukuba kwi-GDR, ekuphela kwelizwe

30:46.426 --> 30:55.104
eliphucukileyo kwezo shishino kwi-Eastern Bloc, uqoqosho
olucwangcisiweyo lwesoshalizim lohleli lungasebenzi.

30:55.104 --> 31:07.680
Ngokuqinisekileyo uke weva ngeSebe loLungelelwaniso
lwezoRhwebo kunye nentloko yalo, uAlexander Schalck-Golodkowski.

31:07.680 --> 31:16.345
Eli bali liqala ngo-1962, xa uSchalck-Golodkowski waba ngunobhala
wokuqala wobunkokeli besithili be-SED kwezorhwebo lwaphesheya

31:16.345 --> 31:22.895
kwaye wayesele esongelwa ziinkampani ezimalunga nama-30 zorhwebo
lwaphesheya ezazikhona – ezinye

31:22.895 --> 31:29.879
zazingavumelekanga ukwenza oku kwi-GDR – ukuba aphantsi
izilindelo zokuthunyelwa kwempahla phesheya.

31:29.879 --> 31:35.753
Kaloku, i-GDR yayiyilizwe elihambele phambili kwezoshishino kwaye
yayithenga izinto zokutya esidlangalaleni kunye neemveliso

31:35.753 --> 31:42.880
ezingekagqitywa ukuze izicutshungulele ize izithengise kwihlabathi
jikelele, ingakumbi kwiRiphabliki yeFederal yaseJamani, ewe.

31:42.880 --> 31:51.492
Kodwa ngenxa yokuba le koonomi icwangcisiweyo yayiqinile kakhulu,
izinto ezincinci ezifana nokulungiswa, iinxalenye

31:51.492 --> 31:59.104
ezitshintshwayo kunye nezincedisi zazingakwazi
ukuthengwa, zaze ke oomatshini bahlala bengenzi nto.

31:59.104 --> 32:06.090
Kwaza ke zeza iinkampani, iinkampani zorhwebo lwangaphandle,
zathi, ewe, asikwazi ukuthumela iimpahla

32:06.090 --> 32:12.256
phesheya kuba inkampani XY ayikwazi ukuhambisa
iimpahla kuba kungekho ziinxalenye zokutshintsha.

32:12.256 --> 32:21.154
Kwaye ngo-1962 nango-1963, uSchalck wayesele
ethethe nomphathi wakhe we-MFS ngendlela

32:21.154 --> 32:26.413
yokutshintsha oku, kodwa lo mbono waliwa eMoscow.

32:26.413 --> 32:37.144
Ngo-1964, imeko yaba mandundu ngakumbi, uKhrushchev waphunyelwa
esihlalweni, kwaye ngo-1965 iMoscow yavuma ukuba olu

32:37.144 --> 32:48.261
lwakhiwo luqhutywe ngokuhambelanayo noqoqosho olucwangcisiweyo
njengorhwebo lwabucala lwamazwe angaphandle kwi-GDR.

32:48.261 --> 32:56.820
Kwaza kwabakho uxwebhu lwasekubekweni ngo-1966, kwaza ke
le ndawo yolungelelwaniso lwezorhwebo yasekwa ngomthetho.

32:56.820 --> 33:02.953
Ngoko ke ayipapashwanga kwiGazethi
esemthethweni; oko ngekwenze kwaba yinto engancedi.

33:02.953 --> 33:15.456
ILizwe laseNtshona belizakube lisithi qwathu iintsila iintsuku
ezininzi, lisithi i-GDR ingqine ukuba ubukomanisi abusebenzi.

33:15.456 --> 33:27.618
Kodwa oku kwakhokelela ekubeni iNtshona ifumane ulwazi ngo-1968
oluvela kwijenerali yaseCzech Stasi eyayibalekile, lokuba

33:27.618 --> 33:39.377
kwakubhengezwe kwintlanganiso yasekwindla yeWarsaw Pact
ngo-1966 ukuba yonke imfundiso yobusoshiyali iza kutshintshwa

33:39.377 --> 33:46.210
nokuba iNtshona iza kuvunyelwa ukuba ikhule iye kubusoshiyali.

33:46.210 --> 33:51.947
Kwaye okunika umdla kukuba, kunyaka ophelileyo
owayesakuba yintloko ye-Ofisi yeFederal

33:51.947 --> 33:55.850
yoKhuselo loMgaqo-siseko waqinisekisa kanye loo nto.

33:55.850 --> 33:59.170
Ingaba masiyiphulaphule loo nto?

33:59.170 --> 34:06.103
…Ndingummeli, umphathi wam angaba ngumlawuli-zizwe okanye ofuna
ukuba nguye, aze athi, Mnu Maaßen, cinga ngendlela

34:06.103 --> 34:13.029
onokuguqula ngayo idemokhrasi ekhululekileyo ibe lilizwe
elalawulwa ngesandla esinqabileyo elisebenza ngokwentando yam.

34:13.029 --> 34:19.403
Emva koko ndingaphinda ndicinge ngeendlela
ezinokusetyenziswa ukuguguleza lonke uhlelo.

34:19.403 --> 34:27.786
Yaye enye indlela yokuguqula inkqubo ibe yimbumba, apho
bonke abantu bayandulelwa khona kwaye bonke bacinga

34:27.786 --> 34:32.669
ngendlela enye, kukuboyikisa nokubabekela usukelo oluphezulu.

34:32.669 --> 34:39.293
Kwaye kufuneka nditsho, ingcinga yokusebenzisa
imozulu ukuthuthumbisa umgaqo-siseko

34:39.293 --> 34:43.648
yayiyingqondongqondo, nokuba ngubani na owayicingayo.

34:43.648 --> 34:50.237
Ndiyazi ukuba ngeminyaka yoo-1960, kwakusele
kukho abantu kwi-KGB ababecinga ngendlela

34:50.237 --> 34:54.170
yokuvumela iNtshona ukuba ikhule iye kusoshalizim.

34:54.170 --> 35:01.180
Ngelo xesha, ukhuseleko lwendalo lwalusele luxoxwa kwi-KGB.
Nangeemiba ezifana nendalo kunye nokuchasa ucalucalulo

35:01.180 --> 35:07.267
ngokobuhlanga, njalo njalo, ungabenza abantu bathi, masibeke
idemokhrasi nolawulo lomthetho ecaleni

35:07.267 --> 35:13.810
okwangoku, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuchasa ucalucalulo
ngokobuhlanga, eyona nto ibalulekileyo yindalo.

35:13.810 --> 35:16.836
La yayingengcinga iKGB eyayinazo ngeminyaka yoo-1960.

35:16.836 --> 35:22.663
Kodwa ke, kufuneka nditsho, ngokuphakamisa umba
wotshintsho lwemozulu, ndiyakuvuyela kakhulu.

35:22.663 --> 35:27.179
Kuyamangalisa ngokwenene ukusebenzisa
umcimbi wemozulu njengendlela yokuthomalalisa

35:27.179 --> 35:29.850
urhulumente womgaqo-siseko wedemokhrasi.

35:29.850 --> 35:40.963
Ewe, kwaye oko kusizisa kwiinjongo
ezabekwa kwiSoviet Union ngo-1966.

35:40.963 --> 35:44.510
Injongo yokuqala yayikukuvumela iWest ukuba ikhule.

35:44.510 --> 35:49.570
Kwaye injongo yesibini yayikukwenza imali ngemozulu.

35:49.570 --> 35:51.536
Yiloo nto eyenzekileyo.

35:51.536 --> 36:00.453
Ngoko ke, inyathelo lokuqala yayikukucebisa iClub of Rome
ngo-1967, umseki weClub of Rome, masithi,

36:00.453 --> 36:09.010
malunga nendlela yokuyiseka nokuba zibe zeziphi
iinkalo zayo eziphambili ekufuneka igxile kuzo.

36:09.010 --> 36:15.910
Wabhabhela eSoviet Union ngelo xesha waza waba neengxoxo ezinde.

36:15.910 --> 36:24.944
Kwaye emva koko, xa kwakusekwa iClub of Rome,
oojenali ababini be-KGB babe ngamalungu,

36:24.944 --> 36:30.536
amalungu apheleleyo, eClub of Rome de kwangowe-1992.

36:30.536 --> 36:34.590
Andinakutsho ukuba kwenzeke ntoni
emva koko, kodwa kubhalwe phantsi.

36:34.590 --> 36:44.101
Enye ingongoma yeyokuba kwasekwa iziko elidibeneyo kufuphi
neVienna kunye namaMelika ukujongana nokuphela kweSoviet

36:44.101 --> 36:54.272
Union, apho kwaqeqeshwa khona abasebenzi bezopolitiko ukususela
ngo-1982 ukuya phambili kwixesha lasemva kwe-perestroika.

36:54.272 --> 37:05.420
Oko kuthetha ukuba kukho amagama afana noChubais, uWechselberg,
uArwen njalo njalo, abaqeqeshwa apho baza ke,

37:05.420 --> 37:17.206
ekupheleni kwe-perestroika, bathatha inxaxheba ekwenzeni ibe
yeyabucala ipropathi yoluntu, ipropathi karhulumente.

37:17.206 --> 37:23.040
Kwaye yile ndlela abaye baba
ngabazobhiliyoni okanye ooligarqui esithetha ngabo.

37:23.040 --> 37:29.920
E-United States, kuthathe iminyaka
engama-200 ukuze aba zityebi banamandla bavele.

37:29.920 --> 37:37.380
Kwaye oko kwakukwiminyaka emithathu ukuya
kwemihlanu eyadlulayo, xa kwavela aba bantu banamandla.

37:37.380 --> 37:45.504
Kwaye wonke umntu wamangaliswa kukuba aba
bantu benza ubutyebi ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.

37:45.504 --> 37:47.328
Utyebile ngandlela ithini?

37:47.328 --> 37:53.366
Ngokwenza zibe zezabucala, kuba babekumthombo walo
lonke ubuqukuqelo kwaye bakwazi ukwenza zibe

37:53.366 --> 37:56.823
zezabucala iinkampani zikarhulumente ezifanelekileyo.

37:56.823 --> 37:59.963
Loo nto ibiyinkqubo edidayo.

37:59.963 --> 38:05.240
Incwadi ikwachaza le nkqubo ngokweenkcukacha.

38:05.240 --> 38:11.883
Kwaye nee-oligarch zaseNtshona,
ii-oligarch zezemali, nazo zazibandakanyekile.

38:11.883 --> 38:16.960
Kwaye babezukhethe ezona ndawo
zibalaseleyo kushishino lwezinto zokuqala.

38:16.960 --> 38:26.826
UKhodorkovsky ngomnye umzekelo onjalo, uAbramovich ngomnye
umzekelo, abafumene iimali-mboleko kwiLizwe laseNtshona, babesele

38:26.826 --> 38:34.782
befumene izibophelelo zeemali-mboleko ukususela
ngo-1988, kwaye ke, xa kwakusenziwa ubutyebi-bucala,

38:34.782 --> 38:39.140
bafumana ezi nkampani njengabalondolozi, masithi.

38:39.140 --> 38:43.100
Ewe kunjalo, loo nto
ibingabonakali. Mphathiswa, ewe, wayinike umntu.

38:43.100 --> 38:47.083
Kodwa wayemi ngaphambili kwaye
wonke umntu wayecinga ukuba ngumnini.

38:47.083 --> 38:56.384
Kwaye uRoman Abramovich unezigidi ezili-100 – loo nto nayo
ibhalwe encwadini. E-US, kukho umbutho obizwa ngokuba

38:56.384 --> 39:04.546
yiFinken, oluhlobo loqela lolawulo oluphanda
ulwaphulo-mthetho lwezemali, kwaye kukho inqaku elide ngalo.

39:04.546 --> 39:12.818
Ngoko ke wafumana imali-mboleko ye-100 lezigidi zeedola waza
wayityala loo mali kwinkampani ye-oyile, leyo

39:12.818 --> 39:20.490
wayithengisa kwiminyaka elishumi okanye elishumi
elinesibini kamva nge-13.5 leebhiliyoni zeedola.

39:20.490 --> 39:25.400
Ewe ke, ngoku uphila ngaloo pesenti ezintathu.

39:25.400 --> 39:36.296
Oko kuyinto egqithisileyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ndiqonda
kakuhle, kukwabiwa ngendlela engavakaliyo kobutyebi besizwe?

39:36.296 --> 39:44.497
Ewe, emva kotshintsho lokuqala, xa zonke iicawa,
iinkosana, abanini-mhlaba abakhulu, abarhwebi

39:44.497 --> 39:49.320
nosomashishini, ngamanye amazwi oosozimali, bathathwa.

39:49.320 --> 39:53.493
Abaninzi babulawa kule nkqubo, abaninzi babaleka baya eYurophu.

39:53.493 --> 40:04.224
Kwaye leyo yayiyiphulo lesibini lokwabela ngokutsha,
apho abantu benza ubutyebi ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu.

40:04.224 --> 40:12.125
Ngelo xesha, ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1920 ngelo xesha
linzima, phantse yonke into yayinikezelwa kurhulumente kwaye

40:12.125 --> 40:16.693
ayabelwanga abantu ngabanye, oko kukuthi, yayabelwa ngokutsha.

40:16.693 --> 40:23.900
Ngoko ke, ngoku oko kuthethwe nguMnu. Maaßen
malunga nemozulu kukwabiwa ngokutsha kwesithathu.

40:23.900 --> 40:30.233
Okwangoku, umzabalazo wamaklasi uye waba ngumzabalazo wemozulu.

40:30.233 --> 40:40.886
Kwaye ukuba owayesakuba ngumntu owayengum-kapitalisti,
ukuba sithandabuzana, namhlanje ulutshaba lwabantu abangayikholo

40:40.886 --> 40:45.566
imeko-bume, abayisaziphengulayo, nabayenzakalisayo.

40:45.566 --> 40:55.650
Kwaye ke le ngcinga ipheleleyo ngoku ifikelele kwinqanaba apho
sinazo iirhafu zeCO2 – yonke le ngxaki yeemveliso ze-organic

40:55.650 --> 41:05.513
nayo iyinxalenye yale nto, okuthetha ukuba yonke into ye-organic
iyabiza kakhulu – kodwa kukwakho nezithintelo kuhambo.

41:05.513 --> 41:13.212
Ngoku siyabona ukuba iVW Group
iyancitshiswa, oko kukuthi iyancipha.

41:13.212 --> 41:21.079
Ekugqibeleni, oko kuthetha ukuba ngenxa yokuba asisayifuni
impahla-manqwelo yabucala ngenxa yezizathu zemozulu, jonga izixeko

41:21.079 --> 41:25.006
zemizuzu eli-15, ungakwazi ukwenza yonke into apho ngetayara.

41:25.006 --> 41:30.433
Kwaye ukuba ufuna ukushiya isixeko semizuzu
eyi-15, ngoku kufuneka ube nephepha-mvume e-China.

41:30.433 --> 41:32.780
Kungenjalo, awuzukukwazi ukudlula kwisithintelo.

41:32.780 --> 41:39.353
Ngoko ke, imikhosi eququzelele oku ibuyele ekwenzeni imali.

41:39.353 --> 41:41.251
Imali yenziwa ngomoya oshushu.

41:41.251 --> 41:45.984
Kwaye ngoku ndithetha ngoMnu. Maaßen.

41:45.984 --> 41:57.840
Kuyachulumancisa. Ngoko ke, ukushwankathela,
singacaphula ngokwenene umqali wethu olungileyo we-WEF?

41:57.840 --> 41:58.933
Ewe.

41:58.933 --> 42:00.773
Klaus Schwab.

42:00.773 --> 42:05.280
Michael Wolski Ewe, loo nto nayo iyathakazelisa.

42:05.280 --> 42:13.826
I-WEF, iForam yezoQoqosho yeHlabathi, yasekwa
nguye ngo-1972, kwaye usekhona nanamhlanje, eyifosili.

42:13.826 --> 42:19.180
Awuzukuba nanto kwaye ube sonwabile; yiyo leyo injongo.

42:19.180 --> 42:22.320
Kwaye oko kusibuyisela eluntwini lwesoshalizim.

42:22.320 --> 42:29.950
Ngoku ke bathetha ngale mirhumo ye-CO2, iinkqubo ezintsha
zokufudumeza – i-40% yabantu baseJamani

42:29.950 --> 42:38.750
bangabanini-makhaya, kwaye andazi ukuba bangaphi kubo abaya
kukwazi ukuhlawulela inkqubo entsha yokufudumeza.

42:38.750 --> 42:44.808
Kwaye ke iinkampani ezidumileyo ezifana neBlack Rocks
kunokwenzeka ukuba ziya kuma zithi, kulungile, ke

42:44.808 --> 42:52.100
siya kuyithenga kwindawo yempahla yomntu owohlokileyo,
kwi-auction yokuthengiswa kwepropathi ebambezelweyo.

42:52.100 --> 43:00.830
Ewe, kucacisa kakhulu, ndingatsho, ukuba sesihambele
phambili kangakanani kule nkqubo yethathu ikhoyo ngoku.

43:00.830 --> 43:01.490
Ewe.

43:01.490 --> 43:09.189
Umbhexeshi we-KlaTV Umntu ngenene kufuneka azibuze ngoku
ukuba ingakanani na isoshalizim eyafa ngenene ngo-1989.

43:09.189 --> 43:18.811
Kodwa ke, ukushwankathela, kunokuba nzima kakhulu
ukucinga ukuba kukho amandla afihlakeleyo asebenzayo apha,

43:18.811 --> 43:24.003
asebenza ngokucacileyo ngokuchasene nentlalontle yabantu.

43:24.003 --> 43:33.129
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kubukrelekrele ngendlela eyoyikekayo,
umntu angaphantse athi, kubandakanya yonke into, eneneni.

43:33.129 --> 43:38.336
Ewe, ukuba mhlawumbi yonke into
ilawulwa bubukrelekrele bokwenziwa.

43:38.336 --> 43:48.063
Ewe, ekupheleni kwale dliwano-ndlebe inomdla kakhulu,
ndingathanda ukubuza ukuba yintoni enye enokwenziwa ngoku?

43:48.063 --> 44:01.725
Kulungile, ungazinzisa ngokufumana ulwazi olubanzi, oko kukuthi,
kungekuphela ngokufumana ulwazi lwakho kwindaba zemihla ngemihla,

44:01.725 --> 44:14.240
iMoMa neNetflix, kodwa kananjalo ngokusebenzisa amanye amajelo
eendaba okanye ngokufumana inkuthazo kwimithombo efana nale.

44:14.240 --> 44:26.109
Ndineekhonkco eziphantse zibe li-100 kule ncwadi eziya
kwiiwebhusayithi apho unokufumana khona amakhonkco kumaxesha

44:26.109 --> 44:32.533
ahlukeneyo, uqokelele iingcinga ezintsha uze ujonge ngakumbi.

44:32.533 --> 44:40.309
Kodwa oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka usebenzise umzimba, ungahlali
phambi kwe-televishini unesingxobo see-crisps ngokuhlwa.

44:40.309 --> 44:45.060
Ewe, ndicinga ukuba siza kuyithatha nzulu loo
nto: ukuba namandla. Enkosi kakhulu ngale ngxoxo.

44:45.060 --> 44:46.700
Enkosi nawe.

44:46.700 --> 44:48.930
Emva koko siza kuphinda sibonane.

44:48.930 --> 44:50.983
Ewe, enkosi.