WEBVTT

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Siyakwamukela, Mnu. Wolski.

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Ngiyabonga ngesimemo esivela ku-KlaTV.

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Yebo, ngenjabulo. Senza le ngxoxo ngosuku
olukhunjulwayo kakhulu, usuku lokugubha lwe-9 Novemba.

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Manje sekuphelile ngqo iminyaka engu-35
kusukela ukuwa kodonga lwaseBerlin ngo-1989.

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Ungumbhali wezincwadi eziningana ezithakazelisayo kakhulu
ngalesi sihloko, ezingatholakala futhi kuwebhusayithi yakho.

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Futhi ngaphambi kokuba siqale, ake
kuqala sikwethule kubabukeli bethu.

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uMichael Wolski wazalelwa eSaxony
ngo-1952 wakhulela eBerlin YaseMpumalanga.

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Ungubaba wezingane ezintathu.

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Ngo-1970, ngemva kokuqeda imfundo yakhe yesibili,
waphothula iziqu kwezomnotho, egxile kwezohwebo lwangaphandle.

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Ukusukela ngo-1974 kuqhubeke, uMnu. Wolski
wasebenza kwezohwebo zamazwe ngamazwe e-GDR.

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Kusukela ngo-1986 kuya ku-1990, wayengumxhumanisi
wezohwebo lwangaphandle lwe-GDR ehhovisi lenkampani yase-US

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eSikhungweni Sezohwebo Zamazwe Ngamazwe eMpumalanga Berlin.

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NgoDisemba 1989, wathatha umsebenzi wokusungula
inkampani yokuthengisa eMpumalanga Berlin egameni leqembu.

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Leli yala laphinde laqedwa ngoJanuwari 1990.

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Ekuqaleni kuka-1991, uMnu. Wolski wadluliselwa eMoscow.

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Lapho wayengumsunguli nomphathi wehhovisi elimele leqembu
e-USSR, wabona ukuwa kweSoviet Union nokuguqulwa kweRussia.

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Ngo-1998, wabuyela eBerlin futhi wasebenza
njengomeluleki ezinkampanini zaseRussia.

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Kusukela ngo-2006 kuya ku-2012, wayengumsunguli nomqondisi
weNhlangano Yezamabhizinisi YaseJalimane neBosnia eSarajevo.

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UMichael Wolski usethathe umhlalaphansi kusukela ngo-2014.

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Ungumbhali wezincwadi ezinhlanu
mayelana nokuwa kodonga lwaseBerlin.

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Ezinkumbulweni zethu nasemibikweni yezindaba, ukuwa kodonga
lwaseBerlin ngo-1989 kuhlala kubonakala njengenguquko enokuthula,

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njengomphumela wokunganeliseki phakathi kwabantu base-GDR.

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Abantu abaningi bacabanga ngokuthula nemibhikisho.

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Futhi encwadini yakho ethi '1989: Ukuwa Kodonga LwaseBerlin',
ukubuyekezwa emuva kweminyaka engu-35, wena, njengofakazi

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waleso sikhathi, uchaza ukuwa kodonga njengesehlakalo
esihlelwe ngokucophelela futhi esenziwe ngokwehlelo.

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Yini ekwenza ucabange kanjalo?

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Yebo, njengoba ngishilo ngaphambilini ku-CV yami, ngasebenza
ehhovisi lomeleli lenkampani yase-US e-East

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Berlin kusukela ngo-1986 kuya ku-1990, lapho
ngasiza khona ukwakha ibhizinisi lenkampani e-GDR.

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Futhi lapho udonga lwaseBerlin lwawehluleka ngoNovemba
1989, inhloko yaseSwitzerland yenkampani eyayiphethe

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ihhovisi yafika ngoDisemba yathi, Mike, unomsebenzi okhethekile.

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Sizovula inkampani yengaphansi yokuthengisa
e-GDR, njengoba senze ePoland, eCzechia naseHungary.

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Umsebenzi wakho ukuqala le ncambiso, njengoba kungathiwa, nokwenza
amalungiselelo adingekayo, njengokuxhumana nommeli nomtshila,

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ukunquma impahla nokuthi bangaki abantu abazobamba iqhaza.

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Futhi manje kwakusele izinsuku
ezimbalwa nje ngaphambi kukaKhisimusi.

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Ngisungule lokhu futhi ngabe sengifuna ukuxoxa nabantu abafanele
abaphethe isigaba ngasinye somsebenzi ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari.

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Kwathi-ke ngomhlaka 9 Januwari 1990, kwafika ucingo
okusho ukuthi kumiswe konke. Asisunguli inkampani yengaphansi.

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Ibhizinisi lethu lizodluliselwa
kwinkampani yethu engaphansi eJalimane.

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Kwakukhona inkampani enkulu
eRiphabhulikhi Yezwe LaseJalimane, eNeuss.

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Futhi lokho kwangimangaza. Ngabuza umbuzo, yebo, kungani kuqedwa?

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Kwathi-ke umphathi wangitshela, yebo, sithole
imiyalelo evela e-USA yokuthi ngeke kube ne-GDR futhi.

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Lokho kwenzeka ngomhlaka 9 Januwari 1990.

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Futhi uma sibheka emuva emlandweni, kwaze kwaba mhla ziyi-13
kuFebhuwari 1990 lapho ama-Allies amane nabaphathiswa

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bezangaphandle ababili baseJalimane behlangana futhi
banquma ukuqala izingxoxo ngokubuyiselwa ndawonye kweJalimane.

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Ngakho-ke lokho kusho ukuthi abaphathi
abaphezulu babesebesazi umphumela kusengaphambili.

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Futhi okuthakazelisayo, ngisho nangaphambi kokufika kuka-13
Februwari, kwaba nokushaywa ucingo kwesibili lapho ngatshelwa

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khona ukuthi konke kumele kuqedwe ngo-30 Juni
1990, okusho ukuhlanganiswa kwebhizinisi le-GDR

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ngaphansi kwesigatsha saseNtshonalanga Jalimane.

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Yebo, futhi ngoMeyi sathola ukuthi
ukuhlanganiswa kwezimali kwakuzokwenzeka ngomhlaka 1 Julayi.

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Futhi noma ubani okusakhuluma ngamathuba
nje, ngicabanga ukuthi akanalo ulwazi olwanele.

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Kodwa lokho kuvusa umbuzo:
ngubani ngempela owawufuna udonga liwe?

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Yebo, ngesikhathi ngiseMoscow, ngakhuluma
nabantu abaningi ababe nolwazi olunzulu.

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Isibonelo, amalungu angaphambilini e-KGB
abaxoshwe ngemva kokuwa kobu-communism.

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Ngakho-ke iSoviet Union yahlakazeka, i-monopoly
yokuhweba kwamanye amazwe yawa, futhi ama-combines ngamunye

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manje ayekwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yokuthekelisa nokungenisa.

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Kwenzeka-ke ukuthi kulezi zingxenye zokuhweba kwamanye amazwe
zama-combines, engangifanele manje ukuhambela kuzo

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esikhundleni senkampani yokuhweba kwamanye amazwe eMoscow,
kwakukhona abantu abakhuluma isiJalimane ngokuhamba kahle.

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Kwathi-ke isiRashiya nesiNgisi sami kwakungekho
kusezingeni lobungcweti, ngakho bangibuza bathi, uvela kuphi?

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Futhi ngokuba noMichael Wolski kukhadi
lebhizinisi, kwakungekho sobala kangako njengokuba

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kuFritz Müller noma okuthile okufana nalokho.

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Futhi lapho ngasho lokho, evela e-GDR, ubuso bakhe bamamatheka:

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Ngangikule GDR iminyaka emihlanu. Ngangikhuluma isiJalimane
ngokugcwele, futhi ngangazi ukuthi wayengekho ebuthweni, ngoba

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izikhulu zazihlala eGDR iminyaka emithathu
kuphela. Futhi labo abavela kwezinye

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izibutho babehlala khona isikhathi eside kancane.

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Kwabe sekuba nezingxoxo ezithakazelisayo, ngesikhathi
sazo bangitshela okuningi nge-GDR engangingenakwazi

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ngakho mayelana nezakhiwo zobuholi nobudlelwano bamandla.

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Hhayi-ke, ngaleso sikhathi ngangifunda kakhulu
izincwadi zabaphathi bezepolitiki baseSoviet, izidiplomathi,

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abasebenzi bezinsizakalo ezimfihlo nokunye okunjalo.

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Futhi kancane kancane isithombe saba sobala ukuthi
empeleni lo mcimbi wawufihlwe ngemuva kwesikrini sentuthu, futhi

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leso sikrini sentuthu sasibizwa ngokuthi iNguquko Ethule.

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Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ekuqaleni kuka-2015
kwakukhona izincwadi ezintathu ezakhanyisa kancane lolu daba.

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Okokuqala kwakuwukuthi ngomhlaka 2 Novemba 2014
kwavela indatshana ku-Der Spiegel ethi uGorbachev

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noShevardnadze babefuna uDonga luwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

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Bobabili baya kubona u-Erich, owayeseBerlin emhlanganweni.

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Kwenzeka nini lokho?

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Lokho kwakungu-1987. Ngo-28 noma ngo-29 Meyi 1987, bavakashela
u-Erich Honecker bamtshela ukuthi iWall ayisafaneleki esithombeni

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saseYurophu ehlangene uGorbachev ayekhulisa, futhi ayihambisani
nokunciphisa izikhali, nokuthi kumele adilize iWall.

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Kwathi-ke u-Erich wema etafuleni, ngokuthi, wathi cha.

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Lokho kwakuyihlazo elikhulu, ngoba u-Erich wayazi
futhi ukuthi azizofika izitanki, njengalokho okwenzeka

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ePrague ngo-1968, uma ungawenzi lokho iMoscow eyayikufuna.

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Kwabe sekuphuma bobabili.

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Kuyathakazelisa, izinsuku eziyi-14 kamuva
uReagan wayeseWest Berlin futhi wakhuluma

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ohlangothini lwentshonalanga lweBrandenburg Gate.

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Kwathi-ke, njengoba ubona ngokusobala
esithombeni, kwaba nesitatimende esidumile

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sikaMnu Gorbachev esithi, 'Phula le ndonga!'

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Ngakho akazange athi uHonecker, kodwa wathi uGorbachev.

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Ngakho wayazi ukuthi ubani ophethe.

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Futhi ngoba lokho akwenzekanga, kwaba
nomkhankaso oyimfihlo wamaSoviet ngo-1989.

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Futhi lokhu kuchazwe encwadini ebizwa nge-Operation Lutsch,
eyashicilelwa ekupheleni kuka-2014 noma ekuqaleni kuka-2015,

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ebhalwe ngumhloli owazifihla wezinsizakalo zobunhloli
bezempi ze-GDR, ochaze ukuthi uDonga lwawa kanjani

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nokuthi kwenziwa muphi amalungiselelo kusengaphambili.

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Futhi iphuzu lesithathu kwakuyizenzakalo eHungary, ngokudilizwa
kwezivikelo zemingcele ngo-1989, lapho lo mhlangano wenzeka

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khona, le pikiniki, lapho cishe izakhamuzi
ezingama-700 zase-GDR zathatha ithuba zaya

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eRiphabhulikhi Yezwe ngokusebenzisa i-Austria.

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Kuyajabulisa. Unazo ezinye izibonelo zezehlakalo lapho uzizwa
sengathi okwenzekile kwakuyinto evela esikripthini sefilimu?

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Impela, kwakusele neminye imicimbi embalwa.

10:19.360 --> 10:29.319
Uma ubheka mhla zingama-9 kuNovemba manje, ukuthi lowo suku
lwakhiwe kanjani nokuthi lwenzeke kanjani, konke sekukhona

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ezithombeni esizaziyo sonke, kodwa ngokuchazwa okuhlukile.

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Ngiphinde ngasho lokhu encwadini, ukuthi, isibonelo, lokho
esingase sikubone kamuva, lapho uSchabowski efunda umbhalo wakhe,

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ukuthi kwakukhona okuthile okwawungekho kulo mbhalo, kodwa
uEgon Krenz wayengeze ukuthi kwakukhona isikhathi sokuvala.

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Singalalela lokho okwesikhashana?

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...sinqume namuhla ukwethula umthetho ozovumela wonke umhlali
we-GDR ukuba aphume ezweni ngamaphuzu okuwela umngcele e-GDR.

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Kumnyango wezabezindaba wombuso, iKhonsili
yabaNgqongqoshe inqume ukuthi lolu hlelo lokudlulisela

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luzosebenza kuze kube umthetho ofanele usungulwe yiNdlu Yabantu.

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Futhi lo mbhalo awufundile unezaziso zokuvinjelwa.

11:41.363 --> 11:48.323
Futhi lokho kwakuzomenyezelwa kuphela
emsakazweni ngo-5 ekuseni ngosuku olulandelayo.

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Futhi lesi sivimbelo sesuswe, ukuze uma kukhona inguqulo ende,
uhlezi lapho efuna futhi ebheka, athi ngandlela

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thile wayezizwa sengathi okuthile okufana nalokhu
kumele kube khona, kodwa akakwazanga ukukuthola.

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Lokhu kwabangela ukugijima okukhulu ezindaweni zokuwela umngcele.

12:08.600 --> 12:17.152
Futhi lokho kwakuyinhlelo eyahlelwe
yinsizakalo yezobuhlakani bempi yaseSoviet.

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Manje, umbuzo abantu abaningi base-GDR abazibuza
wona ngaleso sikhathi. Kungani kungadutshulwa?

12:23.940 --> 12:25.320
Yebo, yilona iphuzu elilandelayo.

12:25.320 --> 12:36.003
Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni kuka-1989, kwaba
nokushintshana kwemibhamu okubulalayo emngceleni.

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Kwathi-ke uChris Geffroy osakhulayo wadutshulwa
wabulawa eBerlin, okwakuyinhlekelele enkulu ngempela

12:44.248 --> 12:49.080
kuShevardnadze noGorbachev kanye nezinqubomgomo zabo.

12:49.080 --> 12:59.054
Nokho, njengoba umngcele wasentshonalanga we-GDR wawungaphansi
kobukhosi be-Warsaw Pact, kwamenyezelwa ngo-Ephreli

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yizikhali zomngcele ze-GDR, kodwa kwanquma i-Warsaw Pact ukuthi
ngeke kusasetshenziswa izibhamu emngceleni wasentshonalanga.

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Lokho kwenzeka ngomhlaka 12 Ephreli.

13:11.463 --> 13:19.746
Lokhu kusho ukuthi kusukela manje kuqhubeke,
abagada umngcele babebonakala besebenza bematshisa

13:19.746 --> 13:23.956
ngama-submachine gun, kodwa bengenaso isibhamu.

13:23.956 --> 13:29.056
Futhi kwakuyizikhulu kuphela ezazinawo
amabhomu ezikhali zabo zomuntu siqu.

13:29.056 --> 13:37.184
Lokhu kusho ukuthi kusukela manje kuqhubeke, kwakusele
sekucacile ukuthi lolu hlelo lwemingcele lwaluzophela.

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Impela, lokho kwakungaziwa; kwakuyimfihlo ephezulu.

13:41.203 --> 13:45.050
Ngoba-ke bekuzobe sekukhona ukuqhuzuka emngceleni.

13:45.050 --> 13:49.020
Yebo, kodwa kwakungekho kuphela amasosha e-GDR.

13:49.020 --> 13:53.792
Abantu babebuye bazibuza ukuthi bonke amasosha
aseRussia, abebekhona yonke indawo e-GDR, babe kuphi.

13:53.792 --> 14:03.216
Yebo, futhi lokho kwakuhlelwe kahle
kusengaphambili kakhulu kulo mcimbi mhla zingama-9 kuNovemba.

14:03.216 --> 14:08.744
Ngakho-ke, mhla ziyi-7 kuNovemba kwakuyiholide
lezepolitiki elibaluleke kakhulu eSoviet

14:08.744 --> 14:12.010
Union, iNguquko Enkulu YamaSocialist Yase-Okthoba.

14:12.010 --> 14:15.800
Ngaleso sikhathi kwakungu-Okthoba ngoba babenekhalenda ehlukile.

14:15.800 --> 14:24.149
Futhi le mibhiyozo yayihlala izinsuku ezimbili,
ngakho-ke umhla ka-7 no-8 Novemba kwakuyizinsuku

14:24.149 --> 14:29.740
zokuphumula zomphakathi eSoviet Union, umkhosi ophindwe kabili.

14:29.740 --> 14:34.883
Futhi ngaleso sikhathi, amasosha aseSoviet ahlaliswa ezindlini.

14:34.883 --> 14:43.352
EGDR, bavunyelwe kuphela ukuphuma ngezibalo;
babengavunyelwe ukuphuma bodwa, kwathi-ke la masosha

14:43.352 --> 14:48.000
bavinjwa emabarakini kuze kube ngomhlaka 13 Novemba.

14:48.000 --> 14:50.856
Futhi kwakukhona esinye isizathu salokho.

14:50.856 --> 14:56.983
Njalo ngonyaka, phakathi kwamaSoldadi
aseSoviet angu-300 no-400 ayeshiya impi.

14:56.983 --> 15:03.189
Abaningi babefuna ukuya eMpumalanga, babefuna ukuya
ekhaya, kanti abanye babefuna ukuya eNtshonalanga.

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Futhi selokhu mhla ziyi-3 noma ziyi-4 ku-Agasti 1989, umgcini
womngcele waseMpumalanga Jalimane wadutshulwa wabulawa yisoldadi

15:12.476 --> 15:17.561
saseSoviet esasibaleka, okungukuthi
esasilahla isikhundla, emngceleni

15:17.561 --> 15:21.116
wasentshonalanga, kwakukhona zonke izizathu zokubavalela.

15:21.116 --> 15:36.283
Ngoba uma umngcele ubuvulwe, amasosha aseSoviet bengaxubana
nezixuku, ephethe izikhali, futhi bengadala ukubhujiswa kwegazi.

15:36.283 --> 15:39.140
Impela, kwakukhona nezinye amaphuzu ambalwa futhi.

15:39.140 --> 15:45.756
Ummeleli ophakeme kunabo bonke waseSoviet,
ummeleli wezepolitiki e-GDR, kwakungu-ambasadori.

15:45.756 --> 15:55.523
Futhi lokho kungase kwaphinde kwabangela ukuthunyelwa
kwamajoni aseSoviet ukuvikela umngcele wesifundazwe.

15:55.523 --> 16:03.559
Njengango-1953, uMkomishana Ophakeme owawuse-GDR
ngaleso sikhathi, uSemjonow, naye wayala amasosha

16:03.559 --> 16:08.176
aseSoviet ukuthi asebenzise izibhamu ngomhlaka 17 Juni.

16:08.176 --> 16:10.816
Lokho akwenziwanga eMoscow, kodwa kwenziwa eBerlin.

16:10.816 --> 16:21.398
Futhi ukuze kugwenywe noma yiluphi ingozi, ngoba kwakwaziwa
ukuthi umyalo omkhulu wamasosha aseSoviet lapha e-GDR

16:21.398 --> 16:32.566
wayengathi, masithi, kunzima ukumlinganisa, uMmeli waseSoviet
wanikezwa ipilisi lokulala noma wazithathela yena uqobo.

16:32.566 --> 16:37.343
Noma kunjalo, akazange aphendule ngalobo busuku.

16:37.343 --> 16:45.824
Ngakho-ke umuntu oyedwa kuphela
obengakwazi ukunikeza umyalo wayengekho.

16:45.824 --> 16:50.420
Yebo, kanye nobuholi, okungukuthi uHonecker nabanye?

16:50.420 --> 16:58.943
Kulungile-ke, ebusuku, lapho kwaziwa khona... Kwakusekhona
okunye, kwakusekhona nomhlangano weKomidi Eliphakathi.

16:58.943 --> 17:06.986
Umhlangano weKomidi Eliphakathi,
owawubanjelwe ngesikhathi esifanayo nenkulumo

17:06.986 --> 17:13.643
kaSchabowski, wawuhlelwe ukuqedwa cishe ngo-6 ntambama.

17:13.643 --> 17:22.211
Kodwa lapho, abantu ababebonakala ngokusobala ukuthi
baqondiswe yiNkonzo Yezobuhlakani Bempi yaseSoviet noma

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yiNkonzo Yezobuhlakani Bempi yase-GDR, banweba umhlangano.

17:26.916 --> 17:32.030
Ngakho uthe awukwazi
ukuwahlukanisa, unezinkinga eziningi kakhulu.

17:32.030 --> 17:36.716
Ngakho-ke bavumela umhlangano
ukuqhubeka kuze kube ngo-8:40 ebusuku.

17:36.716 --> 17:43.477
Lowo kwakuyisikhathi ngqo lapho uSchabowski ethi
kuzosebenza ngokushesha, kwathi-ke abantu baqala ukugeleza baya

17:43.477 --> 17:48.236
emnyango wokudlula emngceleni, ikakhulukazi eBornholmer Straße.

17:48.236 --> 17:51.684
Futhi lokho kwamenyezelwa ngaleso sikhathi
kuthelevishini, kuqala kuthelevishini yaseMpumalanga Jalimane,

17:51.684 --> 17:53.483
kwabe sekuyikuthelevishini yaseNtshonalanga Jalimane.

17:53.483 --> 18:01.472
Futhi babe khona eKomidi Eliphakathi, behlezi
sengathi besegumbini lokuhlukaniswa, ngokuthi.

18:01.472 --> 18:07.260
Ngaleso sikhathi kwakungekho amafoni eselula, ngakho-ke akekho
owayengadlala noma ekhwaze ethi, "Hawu, kwenzekeni manje?"

18:07.260 --> 18:13.906
Cha, cha. Futhi bazi ngakho kuphela cishe ngo-10 ebusuku.

18:13.906 --> 18:18.510
UMnyango Wezokuvikela we-GDR wawuseStrausberg, hhayi eBerlin.

18:18.510 --> 18:25.850
Ngakho-ke bashayela baya lapho, futhi ngemva
kuka-8:40 ebusuku bafika eStrausberg cishe ngo-10

18:25.850 --> 18:30.096
ebusuku, kwathi lapho-ke indaba yaqala ukusabalala.

18:30.096 --> 18:38.630
Kodwa amaSoviet ayebambe iqhaza kulokhu,
ngakho-ke imibono yokwethula izigaba

18:38.630 --> 18:44.243
zokuqala zezibhamu ezihambisana nezimoto yaphikwa.

18:44.243 --> 18:45.563
Kuyajabulisa. Michael

18:45.563 --> 18:56.070
Futhi uma kuba nemibuzo manje, kodwa kwakukhona
abavukeli abazolile, impela babekhona, ngoba babezilungiselele.

18:56.070 --> 19:06.178
Ngakho-ke lokho kwavela enkonzweni yezobunhloli bempi yaseSoviet,
hhayi eStasi noma eKGB, kodwa futhi nakwamanye amasevisi

19:06.178 --> 19:14.180
aseNtshonalanga, ngakho-ke abantu baphuma
emigwaqweni, baphikisa, babeka amakhandlela emafasiteleni abo

19:14.180 --> 19:18.400
nokunye okunjalo, ngakho-ke lokho kwakukhona kakade.

19:18.400 --> 19:25.149
Phela kwakudingeka kamuva ukuze
kuthiwe indaba yabashintsheli abazolile.

19:25.149 --> 19:29.726
Futhi bekungeke kube nje abantu abathathu bemi lapho
besho ukuthi, "Nansi, laba kwakuyizishoshovu

19:29.726 --> 19:32.630
ezintathu zokuthula," ngoba lokho bekungeke kusebenze kahle.

19:32.630 --> 19:38.093
Ngakho kwakumele kube ukunyakaza okukhulu, nakwamanye
izifunda, hhayi eLeipzig naseBerlin kuphela, kodwa

19:38.093 --> 19:41.760
nakwezinye izixeko lapho lezi zibhikisho zazenzeka khona.

19:41.760 --> 19:47.426
Kuyajabulisa. Ngakho-ke, ukuze sifingqe lokho esikushilo kuze
kube manje, ngoba sibona okufanayo kwenzeka namuhla, lapho

19:47.426 --> 19:55.328
izinkulungwane eziningi zabantu zihamba ezitaladini ngoMsombuluko
ukuze zibonise, njengalokhu kwakwenzeka ngaleso sikhathi.

19:55.328 --> 20:04.320
Manje uthi ubuholi baseSoviet ngokuyisisekelo
bahlela ukuwa kodonga futhi basebenzisa lezi zibhikisho.

20:04.320 --> 20:10.363
Ekugcineni, waphakamisa ukuthi izikhungo
zobuhlakani zaseNtshonalanga nazo zadlala indima esebenzayo.

20:10.363 --> 20:15.434
Ngakho-ke, ngiyaqonda kahle ukuthi
iMpumalanga neNtshonalanga, ezaziyizitha

20:15.434 --> 20:19.616
ngokusemthethweni, manje sezisebenza ndawonye ngohlelo?

20:19.616 --> 20:28.669
Ngicabanga kanjalo. Ungakubona, lo mucu
ovamile odlula emlandweni kusukela ngo-1917 no-1918.

20:28.669 --> 20:36.870
Manje sekukhona izincwadi ezingenakubalwa
ezifakazela ukuthi lobu budlelwano bokubambisana babukhona.

20:36.870 --> 20:45.153
Iningi lalokhu lalikwisigaba sezomnotho, kodwa ingxenye yalo
yayikwisigaba sezepolitiki, ngakho-ke kwakukhona ngempela

20:45.153 --> 20:51.380
izingxoxo ezivamile phakathi kwezinsiza zezifundazwe ezimanyene.

20:51.380 --> 20:58.100
Kuyamangalisa. Ngakho-ke kwakukhona amabhuloho
phakathi kwama-bloc aseMpumalanga nama-bloc aseNtshonalanga?

20:58.100 --> 21:03.840
Bengizothi yebo. Yebo, ngasebenza
ebhulorhweni elifana nalelo. Lokho kwakusezohwebo.

21:03.840 --> 21:08.803
I-GDR yayinentshisekelo enkulu
ekudonseni lezi zinkampani zase-US.

21:08.803 --> 21:15.982
Lapho lezi zinkampani zase-US zifika ngo-1985, kumele ukuthi
zazivele zazi okuthile, ngoba zafika

21:15.982 --> 21:22.816
ngasikhathi sinye futhi zafuna ukuqasha
izakhamuzi zaseMpumalanga Jalimane njengabasebenzi.

21:22.816 --> 21:30.697
Babe bengaletha abantu babo ngaleso sikhathi, babe bengabheka
abantu eWest Berlin, futhi babe bengasebenzisa abathengisi

21:30.697 --> 21:34.115
bamanye amazwe abahlelwe yiSikhungo Sobuhwebo Bamazwe Ngamazwe.

21:34.115 --> 21:35.903
Futhi babefuna okokugcina.

21:35.903 --> 21:45.949
Kodwa babengekho lapho, ngakho kwadingeka ukuqalisa usesho,
ngoba laba bantu babedinga iphasiphothi yaseNtshonalanga.

21:45.949 --> 21:53.040
Ngakho-ke kwadingeka badlule yonke inqubo ye-GDR,
uma kungathiwa kanjalo, ukuze babe izikhulu zokuhamba.

21:53.040 --> 21:58.856
Kwathi-ke ngasondelwa, ngathakasa ngalomsebenzi, ngakho ngavuma.

21:58.856 --> 22:06.304
Kwathi-ke ngaqala lo msebenzi ekuqaleni kuka-1986, ngo-Ephreli.

22:06.304 --> 22:10.903
Kodwa kwakukhona amabhuloho ambalwa okwengeziwe, uma sikhumbula.

22:10.903 --> 22:15.516
Ngakho-ke u-Angela Merkel uvela emndenini wabaphathiswa.

22:15.516 --> 22:22.880
Futhi umfundisi, uMnu Kassner, wayenendawo
yokuqeqesha yabafundisi bezinkolo eTemplin.

22:22.880 --> 22:30.036
Abazazi bezinkolo abavela eYurophu
yaseNtshonalanga nabo babe izivakashi ezivamile lapho.

22:30.036 --> 22:36.203
Futhi kungenzeka ukuthi sebebebheke u-Angela.

22:36.203 --> 22:41.296
Ubani owaziyo. Kodwa kuzwakala
sengathi kunohlelo oluthile olusebenza lapha.

22:41.296 --> 22:49.850
Akusona yini isu elacabangelwa izolo
kuphela? Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani lisebenza?

22:49.850 --> 22:56.456
Ngicabanga kanjalo. Asidingi
ukubuyela kuKarl Marx ngokuningiliziwe lapha.

22:56.456 --> 23:03.603
Kepha nina baproletari bazo zonke izizwe, nihlanganeni!
Kuyasebenza kuphela uma abakoloni bezimali bazo zonke izizwe

23:03.603 --> 23:07.920
behlangene, ngoba abaproletari bancike kubakoloni bezimali.

23:07.920 --> 23:21.217
Kodwa-ke kwaba noMvukelo ka-Okthoba ngo-1917, futhi kusukela
lapho sekukhona izincwadi eziningi, ikakhulukazi ezivela e-United

23:21.217 --> 23:29.554
States, ezichaza ngokuningiliziwe ubudlelwano
phakathi kweWall Street noMvukelo

23:29.554 --> 23:35.700
wamaBolshevik, isibonelo le esibhalwe nguAnthony Sutton.

23:35.700 --> 23:46.403
Kwaphinde kwachazwa ukuthi uTrotsky noLenin, abaxhaswe
ngezimali—omunye wabasunguli beFederal Reserve

23:46.403 --> 23:56.496
kanti omunye evela ku-Abwehr yaseJalimane—bahambe
baya ePetrograd ukuze bavuse inguquko lapho.

23:56.496 --> 24:05.906
Abanye ngoba babona ukuthi izwe selivuthiwe ukuguquka,
ikakhulukazi ababheki bezimali baseMelika ababefuna ukubeka izwe

24:05.906 --> 24:14.052
ngaphansi kwezimpiko zabo, ngokuthi, uLenin ngoba wayedingeka
ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukumiswa kwemisebenzi

24:14.052 --> 24:22.380
yezempi, okwathi kamuva kwaba isivumelwano sokuthula,
nokukhulula iJalimane kweyesibili umngcele wempi.

24:22.380 --> 24:31.030
Ngakho-ke kusho ukuthi iSivumelwano
saseBrest-Litovsk sagcwaliswa futhi iJalimane yaphuma kule

24:31.030 --> 24:36.064
Entente yamaZizwe Ezihlangene – eh, iRussia yaphuma.

24:36.064 --> 24:41.305
Ngaleso sikhathi kwakusaseyiMbuso
laseRussia; iSoviet Union yasungulwa kuphela

24:41.305 --> 24:44.740
ngoDisemba 1922, kodwa kwakuyisigaba sokudlula.

24:44.740 --> 25:02.150
Futhi ngaleso sikhathi, amaMelika basungula indoda eyayivele yazi
uLenin futhi yenza izivumelwano zokuqala naye: uArmand Hammer.

25:02.150 --> 25:09.014
Futhi kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1990,
ngaphambi nje kokushona kwakhe, wayenguxhumanisi

25:09.014 --> 25:13.856
phakathi kweDolobha lase-United States nePolitburo.

25:13.856 --> 25:24.210
Futhi yonke le maphrojekthi amakhulu wokungenisa eSoviet Union
ahilela izitshalo, iziteshi zamandla kagesi amanzi, kanye

25:24.210 --> 25:37.740
nesivumelwano somhlaba nesivumelwano sokuqasha ngesikhathi seMpi
Yezwe Yesibili, zaqedwa ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kwakhe, ngokuthi.

25:37.740 --> 25:42.820
Hhayi-ke, futhi uArmand Hammer
wayeyisibhiliyoni eminyakeni edlule.

25:42.820 --> 25:47.253
Ubaba wakhe wayengumsunguli wePhathi
YamaKhomanisi, futhi wayengomunye wabasunguli

25:47.253 --> 25:49.603
bePhathi YamaKhomanisi yase-United States.

25:49.603 --> 25:55.246
Futhi, impela, wayengomunye wabamukeli be-Order of Lenin.

25:55.246 --> 25:59.940
Kuyabonakala ukuthi kukhona uxhumano ocacile
phakathi kwalezi zibhloko ezimbili, kumele kushiwo.

25:59.940 --> 26:05.340
Kodwa manje, futhi, ngoba ngikholelwa ukuthi
kubalulekile kulokho okwenzekayo namuhla, ake sibheke emuva.

26:05.340 --> 26:14.129
Uthe i-FED, okungukuthi i-Federal Reserve,
ama-oligarchi ezimali abaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni

26:14.129 --> 26:18.740
waseNtshonalanga, baqalisa uMvukelo ka-Okthoba.

26:18.740 --> 26:19.580
Yebo.

26:19.580 --> 26:24.543
Ngakho-ke kumele babe
nezintshisekelo zezimali ezicacile kakhulu lapho?

26:24.543 --> 26:31.552
Kulungile, nakanjani. Intshisekelo kwakuwukubusa iRussia.

26:31.552 --> 26:33.920
Kodwa awukwazanga ukwenza lokho ngqo.

26:33.920 --> 26:46.560
Ngakho bazama lokho, kwaba nempi yombango
eyayihlanganisa nabalwi baseMelika, baseBrithani nabaseJapane.

26:46.560 --> 26:48.816
Kodwa izwe lalikhulu nje kakhulu.

26:48.816 --> 27:01.936
Futhi yilokho abazame ukukwenza lapho, ukusungula
umbuso owayencike kubo, kodwa ongaziwa emhlabeni.

27:01.936 --> 27:08.451
Akekho ongake acabange ukuthi laba maKhomunisti
aseRussia ekugcineni baxhaswa ngemali

27:08.451 --> 27:13.760
yiNtshonalanga esigabeni sokuqala futhi kamuva balawulwa yibo.

27:13.760 --> 27:23.220
Lokho futhi yisizathu sokuthi abantu abaningi bangakwazi
ukuqonda ukuthi iSoviet Union yahlukanisa uhlelo lwayo.

27:25.200 --> 27:32.950
Ngakho-ke ukuwa kodonga lwaseBerlin kwaba cishe
ukukhululeka kokubamba amazwe asoshiyalizimu aseYurophu.

27:32.950 --> 27:44.496
Kwabe sekulandela ukukhipha kwempi yaseSoviet, okwahamba
kuze kube ngo-1994, kwabe sekubhujiswa kweSoviet Union uqobo.

27:44.496 --> 27:50.410
Futhi lapho uGorbachev ethatha isikhundla,
wachaza lokhu ngobuhle nge-perestroika ne-glasnost.

27:50.410 --> 28:01.200
I-Perestroika isho ukuhlelwa kabusha, kanti i-glasnost
isho ukusobala. Futhi yilokho ngqo ayefuna ukuhlela kabusha.

28:01.200 --> 28:09.355
Futhi esikubonile kamuva kwakuwukuthi kwavela
ikasti lama-oligariki, kanti iPolitburo neqembu,

28:09.355 --> 28:13.952
nazo zonke izakhiwo zalo, zagibela ngokuzumayo.

28:13.952 --> 28:21.024
Futhi impi yezigaba eyayikhona ngaleso
sikhathi yashintsha yaba impi yesimo sezulu.

28:21.024 --> 28:24.320
Kulungile, lokhu kusifikisa esikhathini samanje, ngikholwa.

28:24.320 --> 28:25.440
Yebo, yebo.

28:25.440 --> 28:29.040
Lokho bekuyoba umbuzo wami olandelayo.

28:29.040 --> 28:41.180
Uchaze ukuthi kanjani, kulo lonke umlando waseRussia noma weSoviet
Union, kube nomthelela wama-oligarchs amakhulu wezezimali.

28:41.180 --> 28:44.320
Hhayi-ke, namuhla?

28:46.816 --> 28:53.260
Michael Wolski:] Yebo, ngicabanga ukuthi
basasebenza kahle, kodwa ababonakali ngaleyo ndlela.

28:53.260 --> 29:03.303
Futhi okwakusihlaselwa ngakho kuze kube ngo-1990 e-Eastern Bloc
kwakuyiphathi yebanga labasebenzi, impi yebanga, nina baproletari

29:03.303 --> 29:12.126
bazo zonke izizwe nihlangane – zonke izisho ezingenalutho
ezamanje esezishintshwe ngezinye izisho ezingenalutho.

29:12.126 --> 29:16.743
Futhi lokho kuvusa umbuzo wokuthi lokhu kwenzeke kanjani.

29:16.743 --> 29:20.083
Kungani kwenzeka lolu shintsho?

29:20.083 --> 29:27.424
Futhi lokho kusibuyisela ekwakhiweni
kodonga, okungukuthi iBerlin Wall.

29:27.424 --> 29:40.263
Ngoba ngeminyaka yama-1960 kwaba nokushintsha, kodwa
ngemuva kwezithunzi zohlelo lwesoshiyalizimu lwangaphambilini

29:40.263 --> 29:47.600
kwakuthuthukiswa isu elisha nethiyori, njalo njalo.

29:47.600 --> 29:49.380
Ake ngikuchazele ngale ndlela:

29:49.380 --> 29:57.740
Ukwakhiwa kodonga kwa-odwa ngamaSoviet ngo-1960, ngakho
kwadingeka kwenziwe amalungiselelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi

29:57.740 --> 30:06.860
i-GDR, ngomnotho wayo ohlelwe ngaphambili, ingathola konke
eyayikudinga, kuhlanganise nezinto zokwakha namandla abasebenzi.

30:06.860 --> 30:10.460
Kwathi-ke bakha udonga.

30:10.460 --> 30:19.614
Isizathu kwakuwukuthi amaqembu aseNtshonalanga abangafuni
ukwamukela isiphakamiso saseSoviet sokushintsha isimo

30:19.614 --> 30:25.180
sezepolitiki eBerlin YaseNtshonalanga, i-Berlin Ultimatum.

30:25.180 --> 30:33.998
Kwabe sekwakhiwa udonga, kwabe sekuba
sobala ukuthi lokhu kwakuholela i-GDR ekubeni

30:33.998 --> 30:38.800
ingalawuleki, okungukuthi ukuwa komnotho.

30:38.800 --> 30:46.584
Bekungeyona inhloso, akekho ongake akubike, kodwa kwavezwa ukuthi
e-GDR, ilizwe eliyingxenye ye-Eastern Bloc

30:46.584 --> 30:55.104
futhi eyodwa kuphela eyayithuthukile embonini,
umnotho ohlelwe ngokwe-socialist awuzange usebenze.

30:55.104 --> 31:07.680
Nakanjani usuzwile ngeMnyango Wokuhlela Okuhweba
kanye nomphathi wawo, u-Alexander Schalck-Golodkowski.

31:07.680 --> 31:16.815
Le ndaba iqala ngo-1962, lapho uSchalck-Golodkowski waba
ngumphathi wokuqala weSED wesifunda kwezohwebo lwangaphandle

31:16.815 --> 31:25.326
futhi wayecindezelwa yizinkampani ezingaba ngu-30
zezohwebo lwangaphandle ezazikhona – abanye babengavunyelwe

31:25.326 --> 31:29.879
ukwenza lokhu e-GDR – ukwehlisa izinhloso zokuthekelisa.

31:29.879 --> 31:35.847
Phela i-GDR kwakuyizwe elithuthukile embonini, futhi yayithenga
izinto ezingavuthiwe nemikhiqizo esesigabeni

31:35.847 --> 31:42.880
sokuqala ukuze iyicutshunge bese iyidayisa emhlabeni
wonke, ikakhulukazi eRiphabhulikhi Yezwe LaseJalimane.

31:42.880 --> 31:50.650
Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi lo mnotho ohleliwe wawuqinile kakhulu,
izinto ezincane ezifana nokulungiswa,

31:50.650 --> 31:59.104
izingxenye ezisele nezesekeli bezingakwazi ukuthengwa,
ngakho-ke imishini yashiywa imi nje ingasebenzi.

31:59.104 --> 32:08.260
Kwathi-ke izinkampani zokuhweba zakwamanye amazwe zafika
zathi, yebo, asikwazi ukuthumela ngaphandle ngoba inkampani XY

32:08.260 --> 32:12.256
ayikwazi ukuletha ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezingxenye ezisele.

32:12.256 --> 32:21.515
Futhi ngo-1962 nango-1963, uSchalck
wayesekhulume nomphathi wakhe we-MFS ngokuthi bangayiguqula

32:21.515 --> 32:26.413
kanjani lokhu, kodwa lo mbono wanqatshwa eMoscow.

32:26.413 --> 32:37.093
Ngo-1964, isimo saba sibi nakakhulu, uKhrushchev waphonswa
phansi, kwathi ngo-1965 iMoscow yanikeza imvume

32:37.093 --> 32:48.261
yokuthi lesi sakhiwo sisebenze ngokuhambisana nomnotho
ohleliwe njengohwebo lwangaphandle oluzimele e-GDR.

32:48.261 --> 32:56.820
Kwabe sekuba nombhalo wasungulwa ngo-1966, kwathi-ke
lesi sigaba sokuhlela kwezohwebo sasungulwa ngomthetho.

32:56.820 --> 33:02.953
Ngakho-ke lokho akuzange kushicilelwe kuGazethi
esemthethweni; bekungaba umphumela ongemuhle.

33:02.953 --> 33:15.456
I-Ntshonalanga beyizobe ishaya amathanga izinsuku
eziningi, ithi i-GDR iveze ukuthi ubukomunizimu abusebenzi.

33:15.456 --> 33:26.595
Kodwa lokhu kwaholela eNtshonalanga ekutholeni imininingwane
kusukela ngo-1968 kuqhubeke, ngokusebenzisa ijenali yeStasi

33:26.595 --> 33:36.342
yaseCzech eyashiya, yokuthi kwakumenyezelwe emhlanganweni
wasekwindla weWarsaw Pact ngo-1966 ukuthi yonke

33:36.342 --> 33:46.210
imfundiso yososhalisti izoshintshwa nokuthi
iNtshonalanga izovunyelwa ukukhula ibe sobusoshiyalizim.

33:46.210 --> 33:55.850
Futhi okuthakazelisayo, ngonyaka odlule owayengumholi weHhovisi
Likazwelonke Lokuvikela uMthethosisekelo waqinisekisa ngqo lokho.

33:55.850 --> 33:59.170
Sizolalela yini?

33:59.170 --> 34:06.196
…Ngingummeli, umphathi wami angaba umbusi oqinile noma ofisa
ukuba umbusi oqinile, futhi angathi, "Mnu. Maaßen, cabanga

34:06.196 --> 34:13.029
ukuthi ungayiguqula kanjani idemokhrasi enenkululeko ibe
yizwe elibusa ngokuphelele elisebenza ngendlela engiyithandayo."

34:13.029 --> 34:19.403
Bese ngizocabangela futhi ukuthi yiziphi
izindlela ezingasetshenziswa ukubhidliza lonke uhlelo.

34:19.403 --> 34:27.971
Futhi enye indlela yokuguqula uhlelo lube ubumbano, lapho
bonke abantu behambisana khona futhi bonke becabanga

34:27.971 --> 34:32.669
ngendlela efanayo, wukubesabisa nokubabeka umgomo ophakeme.

34:32.669 --> 34:38.743
Futhi kumele ngisho ukuthi umqondo wokusebenzisa
isimo sezulu ukudicilela phansi

34:38.743 --> 34:43.648
umthethosisekelo wawuhlakaniphile, noma ngubani owawucabangile.

34:43.648 --> 34:50.199
Ngiyazi ukuthi ngeminyaka yama-1960,
kwakukhona abantu e-KGB ababecabanga ngendlela

34:50.199 --> 34:54.170
yokuvumela iNtshonalanga ikhule iye ku-socialism.

34:54.170 --> 35:03.644
Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kwakuxoxwa kakade e-KGB.
Ngezindaba ezifana nemvelo nokulwa nobandlululo, njll., ungakwazi

35:03.644 --> 35:09.492
ukwenza abantu bathi masibeke eceleni
okwamanje idemokhrasi nokubusa komthetho;

35:09.492 --> 35:13.810
okubalulekile ukulwa nobandlululo, okubalulekile imvelo.

35:13.810 --> 35:16.836
Lezi kwakuyizimvo i-KGB eyayinazo ngeminyaka yama-1960.

35:16.836 --> 35:22.663
Kodwa kumele ngisho, ngokuletha udaba
lokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, ngiyakuhlonipha.

35:22.663 --> 35:26.880
Kuyamangalisa ngempela ukusebenzisa udaba
lwemvelo njengendlela yokudiliza umbuso wesimiso

35:26.880 --> 35:29.850
somthethosisekelo esisekelwe ekhethweni likazwelonke.

35:29.850 --> 35:40.963
Yebo, futhi lokho kusiholela
ezinhlosweni ezazibekwe eSoviet Union ngo-1966.

35:40.963 --> 35:44.510
Inhloso yokuqala kwakuwukuvumela iNtshonalanga ikhule.

35:44.510 --> 35:49.570
Futhi inhloso yesibili kwakuwukwenza imali ngesimo sezulu.

35:49.570 --> 35:51.536
Yilokho okwenzekile.

35:51.536 --> 36:03.059
Ngakho-ke isinyathelo sokuqala kwakuwukweluleka iClub of Rome
ngo-1967, umseki weClub of Rome, ngokuthi ingasungulwa kanjani

36:03.059 --> 36:09.010
nokuthi yiziphi izindawo zayo eziyinhloko okufanele igxile kuzo.

36:09.010 --> 36:15.910
Wabhabha waya eSoviet Union ngaleso
sikhathi wahlangana ezingxoxweni ezinde.

36:15.910 --> 36:25.418
Kanti kamuva, lapho iClub yaseRoma yasungulwa, oonjenerali
ababili be-KGB babe ngamalungu ngaso sonke isikhathi,

36:25.418 --> 36:30.536
amalungu agcwele eClub yaseRoma kuze kube ngonyaka ka-1992.

36:30.536 --> 36:34.590
Angikwazi ukusho ukuthi kwenzekeni kamuva, kodwa sekurekhodiwe.

36:34.590 --> 36:44.841
Enye iphuzu wukuthi kwasungulwa isikhungo esihlangene eduze
kweVienna nabantu baseMelika ukuze kubhekwe ukuqothulwa kweSoviet

36:44.841 --> 36:54.272
Union, lapho abasebenzi bezepolitiki baqeqeshwa kusukela
ngo-1982 kuqhubeke ngesikhathi esalandela i-perestroika.

36:54.272 --> 37:06.006
Lokho kusho ukuthi kukhona amagama afana noChubais, uWechselberg,
uArwen nokunye, abaqeqeshwe lapho, bese

37:06.006 --> 37:17.206
ekupheleni kwe-perestroika babambe iqhaza
ekuthengisweni kwempahla yomphakathi, impahla kahulumeni.

37:17.206 --> 37:23.040
Futhi yilokho okwenza babe
ngabazigidigidi noma ama-oligarqui esikhuluma ngabo.

37:23.040 --> 37:29.920
E-United States, kuthathe iminyaka
engu-200 ukuze laba abacebile abanamandla bavele.

37:29.920 --> 37:37.380
Futhi lokho kwakuyiminyaka emithathu kuya
kwemihlanu eyedlule, lapho laba bo-oligarchi bethuthuka.

37:37.380 --> 37:45.504
Futhi wonke umuntu wamangala ngokuthi
laba bantu babece kangakanani ngokushesha.

37:45.504 --> 37:47.328
Ucebile kanjani?

37:47.328 --> 37:56.823
Ngokwenza ngasese, ngoba babe emthonjeni futhi
babengakwazi ukwenza ngasese izinkampani zikahulumeni ezifanele.

37:56.823 --> 37:59.963
Lowo kwakuwumsebenzi onzima kakhulu.

37:59.963 --> 38:05.240
Incwadi iphinde ichaze lenqubo ngokuningiliziwe.

38:05.240 --> 38:11.883
Futhi ama-oligariki aseNtshonalanga,
ama-oligariki wezezimali, nabo babebandakanyekile.

38:11.883 --> 38:16.960
Futhi babe sebekhethe izingxenye ezinhle
kakhulu embonini yezinto ezingavuthiwe.

38:16.960 --> 38:27.085
Futhi uKhodorkovsky ungomunye walokhu, u-Abramovich ungomunye
futhi, abathole izikweletu eNtshonalanga, babe sebethole

38:27.085 --> 38:34.893
izethembiso zezikweletu kusukela ngo-1988,
kwathi-ke, lapho kwenziwa ukuprivatiza, bathenga

38:34.893 --> 38:39.140
lezi zinkampani njengabaphathiswa, ngokuthi.

38:39.140 --> 38:43.100
Impela, lokho kwakungabonakali.
Umphathiswa, yebo, walinika umuntu.

38:43.100 --> 38:47.083
Kodwa wayemi phambili futhi wonke
umuntu wayecabanga ukuthi ungumnikazi.

38:47.083 --> 38:56.832
Futhi uRoman Abramovich unama-100 million – lokhu nakho kubhalwe
encwadini. E-United States, kunenhlangano ebizwa

38:56.832 --> 39:04.546
ngeFinken, okuyiyunithi yokulawula ehlola
ubugebengu bezimali, futhi kukhona udaba olude ngayo.

39:04.546 --> 39:12.579
Ngakho wathola imali mboleko engu-100 million amadola, wabe
esetshenzisa leyo mali ekutshala imali enkampanini

39:12.579 --> 39:20.490
kawoyela, eyayidayisa eminyakeni eyishumi noma
eyishumi nambili kamuva ngentengo engu-13.5 billion amadola.

39:20.490 --> 39:25.400
Yebo, manje useyaphila ngaleyo peresenti ezintathu.

39:25.400 --> 39:36.296
Lokho sekuyinto egqile kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma ngiqonda
kahle, ukusatshalaliswa kabusha okukhulu kwengcebo kazwelonke?

39:36.296 --> 39:45.179
Yebo, ngemva kwenguquko yokuqala, lapho wonke amasonto, izikhulu
nabaphathi bomhlaba abakhulu, abathengisi nosomabhizinisi,

39:45.179 --> 39:49.320
ngamanye amazwi ama-kapitalisti, bathathwa impahla yabo.

39:49.320 --> 39:53.493
Abaningi babulawa kule nqubo, abaningi babaleka eYurophu.

39:53.493 --> 40:04.224
Futhi lokho kwakuyi umkhankaso wesibili wokwabiwa kabusha, lapho
abantu babecebile kungakapheli isikhathi esifushane kakhulu.

40:04.224 --> 40:10.818
Ngaleso sikhathi, ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1920 phakathi nalezo
zikhathi ezididayo, cishe konke kwadluliselwa

40:10.818 --> 40:16.693
kuhulumeni futhi akuzange kwabelwe abantu
ngabanye, okusho ukuthi kwaphinde kwabelwa kabusha.

40:16.693 --> 40:23.900
Ngakho-ke, manje lokho uMnu. Maaßen akushilo
ngesimo sezulu kuwukwabiwa kabusha kwesithathu.

40:23.900 --> 40:30.233
Okwamanje, impi yezigaba isibe impi yesimo sezulu.

40:30.233 --> 40:37.964
Futhi uma ngaphambilini lo muntu wayengumkhakaseli, njengoba
kungathiwa, namuhla uyisitha sabaphikisi

40:37.964 --> 40:45.566
besimo sezulu, abenzi bokungcolisa isimo sezulu,
nabonakalisa isimo sezulu nganoma iyiphi indlela.

40:45.566 --> 40:55.447
Ngakho-ke lonke lolu cebo manje selufinyelele ezingeni lapho
sesinazo izintela ze-CO2 – yonke indaba yemikhiqizo ye-organic

40:55.447 --> 41:05.513
nayo ingxenye yalokhu, okusho ukuthi konke okwenzeke ngendlela
ye-organic kubiza kakhulu – kodwa futhi kunezithiyo ekuhamba.

41:05.513 --> 41:13.212
Manje sesiyabona ukuthi i-VW Group
iyancishiswa, okungukuthi iyancipha.

41:13.212 --> 41:20.695
Ekugcineni, lokho kusho ukuthi ngoba asisafuni ezokuthutha
ezizimele ngenxa yezizathu zezulu, bheka amadolobha

41:20.695 --> 41:25.006
wemizuzu eyi-15, ungakwazi ukwenza konke lapho ngebhayisikili.

41:25.006 --> 41:30.433
Futhi uma ufuna ukushiya idolobha
lemizuzu engu-15, manje udinga imvume eChina.

41:30.433 --> 41:32.780
Kungenjalo, ngeke udlule kulesi sivikelo.

41:32.780 --> 41:39.353
Ngakho-ke amandla ahlele lokhu abuyele ekwenzeni imali.

41:39.353 --> 41:41.251
Imali yenziwa ngomoya oshisayo.

41:41.251 --> 41:45.984
Futhi manje ngibhekisela kuMnu. Maaßen.

41:45.984 --> 41:57.840
Kuyajabulisa. Ngakho-ke, ukufingqa, singakwazi
ngempela ukucaphuna umsunguli wethu omuhle we-WEF?

41:57.840 --> 41:58.933
Yebo.

41:58.933 --> 42:00.773
uKlaus Schwab.

42:00.773 --> 42:05.280
uMichael Wolski Yebo, lokho nakho kuyathakazelisa.

42:05.280 --> 42:13.826
I-WEF, i-World Economic Forum, yasungulwa nguye
ngo-1972, futhi usekhona kuze kube namuhla, iyifosili.

42:13.826 --> 42:19.180
Awusoze waba nento kodwa uzoba nenjabulo; yilokho inhloso.

42:19.180 --> 42:22.320
Futhi lokho kusibuyisela emphakathini wobusoshiyali.

42:22.320 --> 42:31.004
Manje-ke bakhuluma ngalawa makhosi e-CO2, izinhlelo ezintsha
zokushisa – 40% yabantu eJalimane abanikazi

42:31.004 --> 42:38.750
bezindlu zabo, futhi angazi ukuthi bangaki
abazokwazi ukukhokhela uhlelo olusha lokushisa.

42:38.750 --> 42:45.175
Kanti-ke ama-Black Rocks adumile nezinye izinkampani ezifana nawo
cishe azomile lapho athi, kulungile,

42:45.175 --> 42:52.100
sizoyithenga esitokisini sokubhujiswa kwenkampani,
emcimbini wokuthengisa impahla ebambezelwe.

42:52.100 --> 43:00.830
Yebo, kuyakhanyisa kakhulu, ngingasho ukuthi sesihambe
ibanga elikhulu kangakanani kulesi sinqubo sesithathu samanje.

43:00.830 --> 43:01.490
Yebo.

43:01.490 --> 43:09.189
Umhloli we-KlaTV Kufanele empeleni umuntu azibuze manje
ukuthi ngempela i-socialism yafa kangakanani ngo-1989.

43:09.189 --> 43:18.635
Kodwa ukufingqa, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukucabanga
ukuthi kukhona amandla afihlakele asebenza lapha,

43:18.635 --> 43:24.003
asebenza ngokusobala ngokumelene nenhlalakahle yabantu.

43:24.003 --> 43:33.129
Futhi kuze kube manje, kuhlakaniphile ngendlela
eyinqaba, umuntu angasho cishe, kubandakanya konke ngempela.

43:33.129 --> 43:38.336
Yebo, cishe konke kulawulwa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa.

43:38.336 --> 43:48.063
Yebo, ekupheleni kwengxoxo ethakazelisayo kakhulu,
ngithanda ukubuza ukuthi yini enye engakwenziwa manje?

43:48.063 --> 44:00.530
Ungazizinzisa ngokuthola ulwazi oluphelele, okusho ukuthi
akugcini nje ngokuthola iminikelo yakho yobuhlakani ezindabeni

44:00.530 --> 44:09.356
zansuku zonke, eMoMa naseNetflix, kodwa futhi
ngokusebenzisa imithombo yezindaba ehlukile

44:09.356 --> 44:14.240
noma ngokuthatha ugqozi emithonjeni efana nale.

44:14.240 --> 44:22.765
Ngine cishe izixhumanisi eziyi-100 kule ncwadi eziya
kumawebhusayithi lapho ungathola khona

44:22.765 --> 44:32.533
izixhumanisi ezihlobene nezihloko eziningi, ukuqoqa
imibono emisha bese uqhubeka nokuhlola okwengeziwe.

44:32.533 --> 44:40.309
Kodwa lokho kusho ukuthi kufanele ube nesenzo, ungahlali
phambi kwethelevishini uphethe isikhwama sama-crisps kusihlwa.

44:40.309 --> 44:45.060
Yebo, ngicabanga ukuthi sizokwamukela lokhu
enhliziyweni: ukuba nesibindi. Ngiyabonga kakhulu ngengxoxo.

44:45.060 --> 44:46.700
Ngiyabonga futhi.

44:46.700 --> 44:48.930
Futhi sizobonana futhi.

44:48.930 --> 44:50.983
Yebo, ngiyabonga.