1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:00,260 2 00:00:00,260 --> 00:00:06,559 Ucwaningo olufushane lwe-OECD luphetha ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-smartphone 3 00:00:06,559 --> 00:00:11,260 kubangela ukwehla kwamazinga okusebenza kwabafundi. 4 00:00:11,260 --> 00:00:19,333 Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwezikole lwe-OECD PISA lwango-2022 luqinisekisile lokhu kwehla kokusebenza. 5 00:00:19,333 --> 00:00:25,349 Andreas Schleicher, inhloko yemfundo e-OECD, wenze isitatimende esiphikisanayo esilandelayo ephephandabeni 6 00:00:25,349 --> 00:00:29,093 laseSweden elipapashwayo nsuku zonke iDagens Nyheter: 7 00:00:29,093 --> 00:00:35,308 Ubudlelwano phakathi kokuvalwa kwezikole nokulahleka kolwazi abubona buqinile njengobudlelwano esibubona 8 00:00:35,308 --> 00:00:41,573 phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamafoni ahlakaniphile abafundi nokwehla kokusebenza kwabo kwezemfundo. 9 00:00:41,573 --> 00:00:49,100 I-Sweden neDenmark sezinciphise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi edijithali ekilasini ngenxa yalezi zizathu. 10 00:00:49,100 --> 00:00:57,860 Okuthakazelisayo, nokho, akekho i-OECD noma abezindaba ababekuthakasela ukwethula le miphumela esidlangalaleni. 11 00:00:57,860 --> 00:01:05,340 Isibonelo, isitatimende sezindaba mayelana nocwaningo asitholakali kuwebhusayithi ye-OECD. 12 00:01:05,340 --> 00:01:15,213 Kanti amaphephandaba? Ngisho nasemaphephandabeni, kwakungekho izihloko ezithi: "Ama-smartphone abhekelwe ukwehla kwezemfundo". 13 00:01:15,213 --> 00:01:18,639 Esikhundleni salokho, iphephabhuku i-DER SPIEGEL lathumela isihloko esithi: 14 00:01:18,639 --> 00:01:23,480 I-OECD incoma ukusetshenziswa okuqondisiwe kwamafoni eselula ekilasini futhi yabhala esethulweni: 15 00:01:23,480 --> 00:01:28,286 Abafundi abahlale bebuka ocingweni lwabo lweselula abakwazi ukufunda. 16 00:01:28,286 --> 00:01:34,680 Kodwa uma amafoni eselula esetshenziswa ngendlela eqondile ekilasini, lokhu kungakhuphula impumelelo yokufunda. 17 00:01:34,680 --> 00:01:37,800 Lokhu kukhonjiswa ucwaningo lwe-OECD. 18 00:01:37,800 --> 00:01:45,226 Ngale ndlela, i-DER SPIEGEL yakwazi ukuguqula ngokuphelele umoya wocwaningo esihlokweni sayo. 19 00:01:45,226 --> 00:01:51,333 Nakuba yonke imiphumela ebalwe ocwaningweni yayinencazelo eyisixwayiso. 20 00:01:51,333 --> 00:01:59,360 Nokho, akukho lapho kuthiwa khona ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamafoni ahlakaniphile kuholela ekwandeni kwempumelelo yokufunda. 21 00:01:59,360 --> 00:02:04,981 Ezinye iziteshi zezindaba ezihamba phambili, ezifana nemagazini "DIE ZEIT" kanye ne-"ntv", nazo zibike ngalolu 22 00:02:04,981 --> 00:02:09,020 cwaningo ngendlela eyodwa eyingqayizivele futhi egobile. 23 00:02:09,020 --> 00:02:14,444 Ngoba lokhu kuyacacisa ngokuphelele ukuthi ama-smartphone ayithuluzi lokufundisa 24 00:02:14,444 --> 00:02:19,680 elingafaneleki kakhulu, ngoba adida abafundi esifundweni. 25 00:02:19,680 --> 00:02:27,406 Ngakho-ke lolu cwaningo lucacisa ngokusobala ukuthi kufanele kuvinjwe amafoni eselula, nakuba kunezinye izimiso ezithile. 26 00:02:27,406 --> 00:02:32,993 Ngokuphambene nalokho, imibiko yezindaba ngokuvumelana ngokuphelele ithi okuphambene nalokho, noma okungenani 27 00:02:32,993 --> 00:02:37,020 into ekhombisa ukuthi kufanele ucabange okuphambene nalokho. 28 00:02:37,020 --> 00:02:42,326 Ngakho-ke, le ukugoba okufanayo kwemiphumela yocwaningo ivela kuphi? 29 00:02:42,326 --> 00:02:49,460 Ezinye iziteshi zezindaba azazisi ngisho nabafundi bazo ukuthi umbhalo wazo empeleni uwumthombo we-dpa agency, okusho 30 00:02:49,460 --> 00:02:53,920 izindatshana ezakhiwe kusengaphambili yi-German Press Agency. 31 00:02:53,920 --> 00:02:59,313 Futhi lokhu nakuba sebekuthathile cishe igama negama ezicashunweni. 32 00:02:59,313 --> 00:03:04,656 Ngokwalokhu, abezindaba be-German Press Agency (dpa) baguqula umbiko owawugxeka ngokusobala 33 00:03:04,656 --> 00:03:09,293 ama-smartphone waba ngumbiko owawubonakala usekela ukudijithali. 34 00:03:09,293 --> 00:03:14,186 Kodwa-ke, yisiphi isizathu i-dpa esinakho sokuguqula izitatimende ukuze zisho okuphambene? 35 00:03:14,186 --> 00:03:19,620 Akazwanga yini izikhungo zezindaba ukuthi zibike ngendlela engakhethi, eqinile eqinisweni futhi ezimele? 36 00:03:19,620 --> 00:03:24,160 Ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukubheka ngemuva kweziteji kwa-dpa: 37 00:03:24,160 --> 00:03:36,200 I-dpa iyilungu elibalulekile le-GADMO , njengaleyo ye-APA , ye-AFP kanye neqembu locwaningo elixhaswa nguhulumeni i-"CORRECTIV". 38 00:03:36,200 --> 00:03:42,491 I-GADMO iyisikhungo sokubheka imidiya yedijithali saseJalimane nase-Austria esasungulwa 39 00:03:42,491 --> 00:03:47,573 ngoNovemba 2022 futhi ixhaswa yiKhomishini YaseYurophu. 40 00:03:47,573 --> 00:03:55,300 Iqapha imidiya yokuxhumana futhi ilawula amapulatifomu ayo emidiya yokuxhumana egameni likahulumeni. 41 00:03:55,300 --> 00:04:00,100 I-GADMO ithi isebenza ngokuzimela futhi ingenazo izintshisekelo zokuhweba. 42 00:04:00,100 --> 00:04:02,280 Ingabe kunjalo ngempela? 43 00:04:02,280 --> 00:04:09,531 Iphrojekthi ye-GADMO ixhaswa yi-EU futhi inikezwe umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuthi amapulatifomu ezokuxhumana 44 00:04:09,531 --> 00:04:15,146 zisebenzisa i-"Code of Practice on Disinformation" eyimpoqo. 45 00:04:15,146 --> 00:04:22,430 Lo wesibili unentshisekelo enkulu yokudicilela phansi imibono engamukelekile, njengoba uMongameli weKhomishini YaseYurophu, 46 00:04:22,430 --> 00:04:29,002 u-Ursula von der Leyen, ebize ukuba kugxilwe ekulweni nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'ukudluliswa kolwazi olungelona 47 00:04:29,002 --> 00:04:34,300 iqiniso' eForamu Yezomnotho Yomhlaba eDavos ngoJanuwari 2024. 48 00:04:34,300 --> 00:04:40,000 Uhulumeni kazwelonke uphinde wanikela nge-euro eyizigidi eziyisodwa zemali yabakhokhi bentela ku-dpa ukuze kukhuthazwe 49 00:04:40,000 --> 00:04:44,928 imithombo yezindaba esunguliwe futhi kulwe nabancintisana nabo abazimele abagxeka uhulumeni – okubizwa 50 00:04:44,928 --> 00:04:48,860 ngokuthi "ukudluliswa kolwazi olungelona iqiniso". 51 00:04:48,860 --> 00:04:54,617 Inkinga ngalokhu wukuthi labo abasemandleni kanye nabasekeli babo, kanye neziteshi zezindaba ezibekwe ngokusemthethweni, 52 00:04:54,617 --> 00:04:59,346 bachaza ukuthi yini okufanele ibhekwe njenge "disinformation". 53 00:04:59,346 --> 00:05:04,938 Ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi ilungu elilodwa lebhodi yezeluleko ye-GADMO, elithi liyimele, nguJosef Holnburger, umqondisi 54 00:05:04,938 --> 00:05:08,513 omkhulu we-CeMAS (Isikhungo Sokwengamela, Ukuhlaziya Nezamasu). 55 00:05:08,513 --> 00:05:14,884 CeMAS iyithangi lokucabanga eligxile ekudicileleni phansi abagxeki babaphathi ngokubabiza abaphikisi 56 00:05:14,884 --> 00:05:19,960 bamaJuda nabalandeli zemibono yokuhlela izinkohliso. 57 00:05:19,960 --> 00:05:27,753 Ekugcineni kodwa hhayi okuncane, ibhodi yezeluleko iqukethe ilungu lenhlangano yezazi yaseMelika enethonya i-Atlantic Council. 58 00:05:27,753 --> 00:05:34,547 Ngalesi simo, kuba sobala ukuthi kungani imidiya ingabiki ngokungakhethi nangokweqiniso, njengoba ingeyona 59 00:05:34,547 --> 00:05:39,400 into ngaphandle kwezinsiza zokuphoqelela zababanamandla. 60 00:05:39,400 --> 00:05:46,093 Umsebenzi wabo ukumela umbono obekwe phambili, okucatshangwa ukuthi 'ulungile'. 61 00:05:46,093 --> 00:05:49,501 Ekugcineni, nansi imininingwane ethokozisayo: 62 00:05:49,501 --> 00:05:58,800 GADMO ixhunyiwe nephrojekthi ye-EU ebizwa nge-SOMA, okuyi-"Social Media Observatory for Disinformation and Analysis". 63 00:05:58,800 --> 00:06:06,835 Okubalulekile, i-SOMA igama lemithi esetshenziswa ngababusi encwadini yesayensi eqanjiwe emnyama ka-Aldous Huxley ethi 64 00:06:06,835 --> 00:06:11,640 "Brave New World" ukugcina umphakathi uthule futhi ulalela. 65 00:06:11,640 --> 00:06:18,122 Kulomoya kanye lapho lezi zinhlangano zokubheka ziqhagamshelana futhi zisekela abahloli bamaqiniso abathembekile 66 00:06:18,122 --> 00:06:25,713 eziphathimandla, zibanikeza izindikimba ezifanele, ezilungiselelwe ngaphambilini, kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezihloko. 67 00:06:25,713 --> 00:06:33,293 Isiphetho: Kungani kwakubaluleke kangaka ku-dpa nakulabo ababemi ngemuva kwayo ukujikisa imiphumela yocwaningo? 68 00:06:33,293 --> 00:06:38,277 Esinye isizathu kungaba ukuthi abathonya bomhlaba jikelele bafuna ukukhuthaza ukwanda 69 00:06:38,277 --> 00:06:42,580 kokudijithala nokuncika kwabantu kumafoni ahlakaniphile. 70 00:06:42,580 --> 00:06:50,053 Okungenani, yilokho okushiwo nguPekka Lundmark, uMqondisi Omkhulu weNokia, eForamu Yezomnotho Yomhlaba Yango-2022, 71 00:06:50,053 --> 00:06:58,166 engeza ukuthi ulindele ukuthi cishe ngo-2030 sizoba nezisetshenziswa zokuxhumana ezifakwe ngqo emizimbeni yethu. 72 00:06:58,166 --> 00:07:04,501 Ngale ndlela, bekungaba lula njengomdlalo wengane ukulawula abantu nokuphatha noma yikuphi ukungathembi 73 00:07:04,501 --> 00:07:08,260 noma ukubuza ngombono wezepolitiki obekwe phambili. 74 00:07:08,260 --> 00:07:16,113 Ngamanye amazwi: ukugcina abantu bethule futhi belalela – emhlabeni omusha onesibindi! 75 00:07:16,113 --> 00:07:19,746 Akumangalisi-ke ukuthi amazwi abagxeki mayelana namafoni ahlakaniphile 76 00:07:19,746 --> 00:07:23,733 awamukelekile phakathi kwabaphathi bamandla emhlabeni. 77 00:07:23,733 --> 00:07:31,366 Baphulaphuli abathandekayo, lesi sibonelo sikhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi izinkampani zezindaba nabahloli bazo beqiniso 78 00:07:31,366 --> 00:07:36,760 azizimele futhi azikhululekile ezintshisekelweni zokuhweba. 79 00:07:36,760 --> 00:07:44,800 Nakuba ngokubonakalayo sibonakala siyidemokhrasi, ekugcineni konke kunqunywa abantu abambalwa abasebenza ngasemva. 80 00:07:44,800 --> 00:07:50,422 Ngakho-ke uma kuziwa ezinganeni ezisebenzisa amafoni eselula, kugxilwe emigomweni ehlukile ngokuphelele 81 00:07:50,422 --> 00:07:54,313 – kodwa hhayi impilo nenhlalakahle yezingane zethu! 82 00:07:54,313 --> 00:08:02,006 Ngisho nezinhlangano zomhlaba wonke ezifana ne-OECD ngokusobala azinankinga yokuchaza imiphumela engalindelekile 83 00:08:02,006 --> 00:08:11,373 nephazamisa kakhulu ezingane zethu ezizobangelwa ukwanda okuqhubekayo kokusetshenziswa kwamafoni ahlakaniphile. 84 00:08:11,373 --> 00:08:16,734 Futhi ukwehla kokusebenza ezifundweni kuyingxenye encane kuphela yemiphumela engemihle – njengoba 85 00:08:16,734 --> 00:08:21,986 sekubhalwe ngaphambilini ezinhlelweni eziningi ze-Kla.TV. 86 00:08:21,986 --> 00:08:28,537 Yingakho kufanele uqaphele lapho imidiya, abahloli beqiniso noma yiziphi izikhungo ezibizwa ngokuthi zisayensi zizama 87 00:08:28,537 --> 00:08:33,266 ukukutshela ukuthi yini elungile nokuthi yini engalungile. 88 00:08:33,266 --> 00:08:39,596 Ungavumeli ukwahlulela kwakho nokwahlukanisa kwakho kuphazamiseke; kunalokho, hlola izitatimende zabo bese 89 00:08:39,596 --> 00:08:43,819 uthatha izinyathelo ngokumelene nobuxoki nokugqekeza. 90 00:08:43,819 --> 00:08:51,500 Ngoba wena unquma ukuthi wena nabantu abakuzungezile niyovumela "izidakamizwa" zabo zikududuzele ekuthuleni noma cha.