WEBVTT 00:00.260 --> 00:06.559 Ucwaningo olufushane lwe-OECD luphetha ukuthi ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwama-smartphone 00:06.559 --> 00:11.260 kubangela ukwehla kwamazinga okusebenza kwabafundi. 00:11.260 --> 00:19.333 Ucwaningo lwakamuva lwezikole lwe-OECD PISA lwango-2022 luqinisekisile lokhu kwehla kokusebenza. 00:19.333 --> 00:25.349 Andreas Schleicher, inhloko yemfundo e-OECD, wenze isitatimende esiphikisanayo esilandelayo ephephandabeni 00:25.349 --> 00:29.093 laseSweden elipapashwayo nsuku zonke iDagens Nyheter: 00:29.093 --> 00:35.308 Ubudlelwano phakathi kokuvalwa kwezikole nokulahleka kolwazi abubona buqinile njengobudlelwano esibubona 00:35.308 --> 00:41.573 phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwamafoni ahlakaniphile abafundi nokwehla kokusebenza kwabo kwezemfundo. 00:41.573 --> 00:49.100 I-Sweden neDenmark sezinciphise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi edijithali ekilasini ngenxa yalezi zizathu. 00:49.100 --> 00:57.860 Okuthakazelisayo, nokho, akekho i-OECD noma abezindaba ababekuthakasela ukwethula le miphumela esidlangalaleni. 00:57.860 --> 01:05.340 Isibonelo, isitatimende sezindaba mayelana nocwaningo asitholakali kuwebhusayithi ye-OECD. 01:05.340 --> 01:15.213 Kanti amaphephandaba? Ngisho nasemaphephandabeni, kwakungekho izihloko ezithi: "Ama-smartphone abhekelwe ukwehla kwezemfundo". 01:15.213 --> 01:18.639 Esikhundleni salokho, iphephabhuku i-DER SPIEGEL lathumela isihloko esithi: 01:18.639 --> 01:23.480 I-OECD incoma ukusetshenziswa okuqondisiwe kwamafoni eselula ekilasini futhi yabhala esethulweni: 01:23.480 --> 01:28.286 Abafundi abahlale bebuka ocingweni lwabo lweselula abakwazi ukufunda. 01:28.286 --> 01:34.680 Kodwa uma amafoni eselula esetshenziswa ngendlela eqondile ekilasini, lokhu kungakhuphula impumelelo yokufunda. 01:34.680 --> 01:37.800 Lokhu kukhonjiswa ucwaningo lwe-OECD. 01:37.800 --> 01:45.226 Ngale ndlela, i-DER SPIEGEL yakwazi ukuguqula ngokuphelele umoya wocwaningo esihlokweni sayo. 01:45.226 --> 01:51.333 Nakuba yonke imiphumela ebalwe ocwaningweni yayinencazelo eyisixwayiso. 01:51.333 --> 01:59.360 Nokho, akukho lapho kuthiwa khona ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamafoni ahlakaniphile kuholela ekwandeni kwempumelelo yokufunda. 01:59.360 --> 02:04.981 Ezinye iziteshi zezindaba ezihamba phambili, ezifana nemagazini "DIE ZEIT" kanye ne-"ntv", nazo zibike ngalolu 02:04.981 --> 02:09.020 cwaningo ngendlela eyodwa eyingqayizivele futhi egobile. 02:09.020 --> 02:14.444 Ngoba lokhu kuyacacisa ngokuphelele ukuthi ama-smartphone ayithuluzi lokufundisa 02:14.444 --> 02:19.680 elingafaneleki kakhulu, ngoba adida abafundi esifundweni. 02:19.680 --> 02:27.406 Ngakho-ke lolu cwaningo lucacisa ngokusobala ukuthi kufanele kuvinjwe amafoni eselula, nakuba kunezinye izimiso ezithile. 02:27.406 --> 02:32.993 Ngokuphambene nalokho, imibiko yezindaba ngokuvumelana ngokuphelele ithi okuphambene nalokho, noma okungenani 02:32.993 --> 02:37.020 into ekhombisa ukuthi kufanele ucabange okuphambene nalokho. 02:37.020 --> 02:42.326 Ngakho-ke, le ukugoba okufanayo kwemiphumela yocwaningo ivela kuphi? 02:42.326 --> 02:49.460 Ezinye iziteshi zezindaba azazisi ngisho nabafundi bazo ukuthi umbhalo wazo empeleni uwumthombo we-dpa agency, okusho 02:49.460 --> 02:53.920 izindatshana ezakhiwe kusengaphambili yi-German Press Agency. 02:53.920 --> 02:59.313 Futhi lokhu nakuba sebekuthathile cishe igama negama ezicashunweni. 02:59.313 --> 03:04.656 Ngokwalokhu, abezindaba be-German Press Agency (dpa) baguqula umbiko owawugxeka ngokusobala 03:04.656 --> 03:09.293 ama-smartphone waba ngumbiko owawubonakala usekela ukudijithali. 03:09.293 --> 03:14.186 Kodwa-ke, yisiphi isizathu i-dpa esinakho sokuguqula izitatimende ukuze zisho okuphambene? 03:14.186 --> 03:19.620 Akazwanga yini izikhungo zezindaba ukuthi zibike ngendlela engakhethi, eqinile eqinisweni futhi ezimele? 03:19.620 --> 03:24.160 Ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukubheka ngemuva kweziteji kwa-dpa: 03:24.160 --> 03:36.200 I-dpa iyilungu elibalulekile le-GADMO , njengaleyo ye-APA , ye-AFP kanye neqembu locwaningo elixhaswa nguhulumeni i-"CORRECTIV". 03:36.200 --> 03:42.491 I-GADMO iyisikhungo sokubheka imidiya yedijithali saseJalimane nase-Austria esasungulwa 03:42.491 --> 03:47.573 ngoNovemba 2022 futhi ixhaswa yiKhomishini YaseYurophu. 03:47.573 --> 03:55.300 Iqapha imidiya yokuxhumana futhi ilawula amapulatifomu ayo emidiya yokuxhumana egameni likahulumeni. 03:55.300 --> 04:00.100 I-GADMO ithi isebenza ngokuzimela futhi ingenazo izintshisekelo zokuhweba. 04:00.100 --> 04:02.280 Ingabe kunjalo ngempela? 04:02.280 --> 04:09.531 Iphrojekthi ye-GADMO ixhaswa yi-EU futhi inikezwe umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa ukuthi amapulatifomu ezokuxhumana 04:09.531 --> 04:15.146 zisebenzisa i-"Code of Practice on Disinformation" eyimpoqo. 04:15.146 --> 04:22.430 Lo wesibili unentshisekelo enkulu yokudicilela phansi imibono engamukelekile, njengoba uMongameli weKhomishini YaseYurophu, 04:22.430 --> 04:29.002 u-Ursula von der Leyen, ebize ukuba kugxilwe ekulweni nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi 'ukudluliswa kolwazi olungelona 04:29.002 --> 04:34.300 iqiniso' eForamu Yezomnotho Yomhlaba eDavos ngoJanuwari 2024. 04:34.300 --> 04:40.000 Uhulumeni kazwelonke uphinde wanikela nge-euro eyizigidi eziyisodwa zemali yabakhokhi bentela ku-dpa ukuze kukhuthazwe 04:40.000 --> 04:44.928 imithombo yezindaba esunguliwe futhi kulwe nabancintisana nabo abazimele abagxeka uhulumeni – okubizwa 04:44.928 --> 04:48.860 ngokuthi "ukudluliswa kolwazi olungelona iqiniso". 04:48.860 --> 04:54.617 Inkinga ngalokhu wukuthi labo abasemandleni kanye nabasekeli babo, kanye neziteshi zezindaba ezibekwe ngokusemthethweni, 04:54.617 --> 04:59.346 bachaza ukuthi yini okufanele ibhekwe njenge "disinformation". 04:59.346 --> 05:04.938 Ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi ilungu elilodwa lebhodi yezeluleko ye-GADMO, elithi liyimele, nguJosef Holnburger, umqondisi 05:04.938 --> 05:08.513 omkhulu we-CeMAS (Isikhungo Sokwengamela, Ukuhlaziya Nezamasu). 05:08.513 --> 05:14.884 CeMAS iyithangi lokucabanga eligxile ekudicileleni phansi abagxeki babaphathi ngokubabiza abaphikisi 05:14.884 --> 05:19.960 bamaJuda nabalandeli zemibono yokuhlela izinkohliso. 05:19.960 --> 05:27.753 Ekugcineni kodwa hhayi okuncane, ibhodi yezeluleko iqukethe ilungu lenhlangano yezazi yaseMelika enethonya i-Atlantic Council. 05:27.753 --> 05:34.547 Ngalesi simo, kuba sobala ukuthi kungani imidiya ingabiki ngokungakhethi nangokweqiniso, njengoba ingeyona 05:34.547 --> 05:39.400 into ngaphandle kwezinsiza zokuphoqelela zababanamandla. 05:39.400 --> 05:46.093 Umsebenzi wabo ukumela umbono obekwe phambili, okucatshangwa ukuthi 'ulungile'. 05:46.093 --> 05:49.501 Ekugcineni, nansi imininingwane ethokozisayo: 05:49.501 --> 05:58.800 GADMO ixhunyiwe nephrojekthi ye-EU ebizwa nge-SOMA, okuyi-"Social Media Observatory for Disinformation and Analysis". 05:58.800 --> 06:06.835 Okubalulekile, i-SOMA igama lemithi esetshenziswa ngababusi encwadini yesayensi eqanjiwe emnyama ka-Aldous Huxley ethi 06:06.835 --> 06:11.640 "Brave New World" ukugcina umphakathi uthule futhi ulalela. 06:11.640 --> 06:18.122 Kulomoya kanye lapho lezi zinhlangano zokubheka ziqhagamshelana futhi zisekela abahloli bamaqiniso abathembekile 06:18.122 --> 06:25.713 eziphathimandla, zibanikeza izindikimba ezifanele, ezilungiselelwe ngaphambilini, kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezihloko. 06:25.713 --> 06:33.293 Isiphetho: Kungani kwakubaluleke kangaka ku-dpa nakulabo ababemi ngemuva kwayo ukujikisa imiphumela yocwaningo? 06:33.293 --> 06:38.277 Esinye isizathu kungaba ukuthi abathonya bomhlaba jikelele bafuna ukukhuthaza ukwanda 06:38.277 --> 06:42.580 kokudijithala nokuncika kwabantu kumafoni ahlakaniphile. 06:42.580 --> 06:50.053 Okungenani, yilokho okushiwo nguPekka Lundmark, uMqondisi Omkhulu weNokia, eForamu Yezomnotho Yomhlaba Yango-2022, 06:50.053 --> 06:58.166 engeza ukuthi ulindele ukuthi cishe ngo-2030 sizoba nezisetshenziswa zokuxhumana ezifakwe ngqo emizimbeni yethu. 06:58.166 --> 07:04.501 Ngale ndlela, bekungaba lula njengomdlalo wengane ukulawula abantu nokuphatha noma yikuphi ukungathembi 07:04.501 --> 07:08.260 noma ukubuza ngombono wezepolitiki obekwe phambili. 07:08.260 --> 07:16.113 Ngamanye amazwi: ukugcina abantu bethule futhi belalela – emhlabeni omusha onesibindi! 07:16.113 --> 07:19.746 Akumangalisi-ke ukuthi amazwi abagxeki mayelana namafoni ahlakaniphile 07:19.746 --> 07:23.733 awamukelekile phakathi kwabaphathi bamandla emhlabeni. 07:23.733 --> 07:31.366 Baphulaphuli abathandekayo, lesi sibonelo sikhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi izinkampani zezindaba nabahloli bazo beqiniso 07:31.366 --> 07:36.760 azizimele futhi azikhululekile ezintshisekelweni zokuhweba. 07:36.760 --> 07:44.800 Nakuba ngokubonakalayo sibonakala siyidemokhrasi, ekugcineni konke kunqunywa abantu abambalwa abasebenza ngasemva. 07:44.800 --> 07:50.422 Ngakho-ke uma kuziwa ezinganeni ezisebenzisa amafoni eselula, kugxilwe emigomweni ehlukile ngokuphelele 07:50.422 --> 07:54.313 – kodwa hhayi impilo nenhlalakahle yezingane zethu! 07:54.313 --> 08:02.006 Ngisho nezinhlangano zomhlaba wonke ezifana ne-OECD ngokusobala azinankinga yokuchaza imiphumela engalindelekile 08:02.006 --> 08:11.373 nephazamisa kakhulu ezingane zethu ezizobangelwa ukwanda okuqhubekayo kokusetshenziswa kwamafoni ahlakaniphile. 08:11.373 --> 08:16.734 Futhi ukwehla kokusebenza ezifundweni kuyingxenye encane kuphela yemiphumela engemihle – njengoba 08:16.734 --> 08:21.986 sekubhalwe ngaphambilini ezinhlelweni eziningi ze-Kla.TV. 08:21.986 --> 08:28.537 Yingakho kufanele uqaphele lapho imidiya, abahloli beqiniso noma yiziphi izikhungo ezibizwa ngokuthi zisayensi zizama 08:28.537 --> 08:33.266 ukukutshela ukuthi yini elungile nokuthi yini engalungile. 08:33.266 --> 08:39.596 Ungavumeli ukwahlulela kwakho nokwahlukanisa kwakho kuphazamiseke; kunalokho, hlola izitatimende zabo bese 08:39.596 --> 08:43.819 uthatha izinyathelo ngokumelene nobuxoki nokugqekeza. 08:43.819 --> 08:51.500 Ngoba wena unquma ukuthi wena nabantu abakuzungezile niyovumela "izidakamizwa" zabo zikududuzele ekuthuleni noma cha.