1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:00,666 2 00:00:00,666 --> 00:00:09,062 Faduwar Katangar Berlin a ranar 9 ga Nuwamba, 1989 ta shiga tarihi a matsayin sakamakon dogon zanga-zangar lumana ta farar hula. 3 00:00:09,062 --> 00:00:14,080 Sai dai, shaida na zamani Michael Wolski ya bayyana rushewar bangon Berlin a matsayin wani mataki na dabaru da aka tsara 4 00:00:14,080 --> 00:00:16,708 da gangan ta hannun ƙungiyoyi da ke bayan "garkuwar hayaki". 5 00:00:16,708 --> 00:00:23,730 Ta amfani da kwarewarsa da cikakken bincike, Michael Wolski ya bayyana canjin al'umma da aka tsara tun daga 6 00:00:23,730 --> 00:00:28,083 farkon Juyin Juya Halin Oktoba na 1917 har zuwa yau. 7 00:00:28,083 --> 00:00:34,293 Ya yi aiki a harkar kasuwancin ƙasashen waje na Jamhuriyar Dimokraɗiyyar Jamus a shekarun 1980, wanda ya ba shi 8 00:00:34,293 --> 00:00:37,708 hulɗa da mutane a matakin shugabanci a Gabas da Yamma. 9 00:00:37,708 --> 00:00:41,790 Haka ne yadda ya gano rashin daidaito game da labarin rushewar Katangar Berlin. 10 00:00:41,790 --> 00:00:48,622 A yayin bincikensa, Wolski ya yi mamakin gano cewa wasu shugabanni da aka zaɓa, a Yamma da Gabas, 11 00:00:48,622 --> 00:00:52,875 sun riga sun san game da faɗuwar Katangar Berlin. 12 00:00:52,875 --> 00:00:58,041 Bincikensa ya bayyana hoto gaba ɗaya daban da abin da littattafan tarihi ke koya mana. 13 00:00:58,041 --> 00:01:03,759 Michael Wolski ya ambaci wasu abubuwa da dama da suka nuna haɗin gwiwar shugabanni a Blokin 14 00:01:03,759 --> 00:01:07,916 Gabas da Blokin Yamma kafin faduwar Katangar Berlin. 15 00:01:07,916 --> 00:01:15,149 Taron 1: A ƙarshen Mayu 1987, Shugaban Tarayyar Soviet Mikhail Gorbachev da Ministan Harkokin Waje Eduard 16 00:01:15,149 --> 00:01:24,333 Shevardnadze sun bukaci shugaban Jamhuriyar Dimokraɗiyyar Jamus (GDR) Erich Honecker ya buɗe Bangon. Honecker ya ƙi. 17 00:01:24,333 --> 00:01:31,040 Taron na 2: Bayan kwanaki goma sha huɗu, tsohon Shugaban Amurka Ronald Reagan ya yi jawabi a gefen yamma 18 00:01:31,040 --> 00:01:35,208 na Kofar Brandenburg kuma ya yi kira a rushe bangon. 19 00:01:35,208 --> 00:01:38,583 Mista Gorbachev, ka rushe wannan bango! 20 00:01:38,583 --> 00:01:45,205 Taron 3: A shekarar 1989, an rushe katangar tsaro a kan iyakar Hungary, abin da ya sauƙaƙa wa 'yan ƙasar Jamhuriyar 21 00:01:45,205 --> 00:01:49,791 Dimokraɗiyyar Jamus (GDR) tsere zuwa Yamma ta hanyar Ostiriya. 22 00:01:49,791 --> 00:01:58,854 Taron 4: A ranar 9 ga Janairu, 1990, wata kamfanin Amurka da aka amince da ita a Ma'aikatar Kasuwancin Waje ta Gabashin 23 00:01:58,854 --> 00:02:03,958 Berlin ta soke wani odar da aka yi wa Wolski a Disamba 1989. 24 00:02:03,958 --> 00:02:11,112 Wannan aikin an yi shi ne don shirya kafuwar wata kamfani reshe don rarraba kayayyakin Rukunin a Jamhuriyar Dimokraɗiyyar Jamus. 25 00:02:11,112 --> 00:02:15,416 Dalili: Ba za a sake samun GDR ba. 26 00:02:15,416 --> 00:02:22,829 A cikin wata hira mai zurfi , Michael Wolski ya yi bayani sosai game da "faduwar bangon Berlin", yana bayyana wata dabara 27 00:02:22,829 --> 00:02:27,583 da aka tsara wadda ke ɓoye muradun shugabanni a Gabas da Yamma. 28 00:02:27,583 --> 00:02:36,250 Wolski kuma ya bayyana yadda ayyukan leƙen asiri na Soviet da na Yamma suka tallata kuma suka yi amfani da zanga-zangar lumana. 29 00:02:36,250 --> 00:02:42,416 Dalili: Jamhuriyar Dimokraɗiyyar Jamus ta kai ga matakin da ba za a iya mulki ba kuma tattalin arziki ya rushe. 30 00:02:42,416 --> 00:02:47,833 Ya kasance a bayyane cewa tsarin tattalin arzikin shirye-shirye na jam'iyya ɗaya bai yi aiki ba. 31 00:02:47,833 --> 00:02:52,960 Saboda saurin rushewar Jamhuriyar Dimokraɗiyyar Jamus, an tilasta wa ƙungiyoyin da ke a bayan fage su 32 00:02:52,960 --> 00:02:56,061 canza dabarunsu. Amma waɗanne ƙungiyoyi ne waɗannan? 33 00:02:56,061 --> 00:02:58,291 Saurari Michael Wolski: 34 00:02:58,291 --> 00:03:12,526 "An samu Juyin Juya Halin Oktoba a shekarar 1917, kuma an wallafa littattafai da dama, musamman daga Amurka, waɗanda 35 00:03:12,526 --> 00:03:25,166 ke bayyana dalla-dalla alaƙar dake tsakanin Wall Street da Juyin Bolshevik, misali na Anthony Sutton." 36 00:03:25,166 --> 00:03:35,062 Haka kuma an bayyana yadda Trotsky da Lenin, wadanda suka samu tallafin kudi—daya daga wurin daya daga cikin masu kafa Babban 37 00:03:35,062 --> 00:03:42,029 Bankin Tarayya na Amurka, dayan kuma daga hukumar leken asirin Jamus ta Abwehr—suka tafi 38 00:03:42,029 --> 00:03:45,750 Petrograd don tayar da juyin juya hali a can. 39 00:03:45,750 --> 00:03:53,527 Wasu kuwa saboda sun ga ƙasar ta yi balaga don a kwace ta, wato bankunan Amurka, domin su sa 40 00:03:53,527 --> 00:03:58,125 ƙasar ƙarƙashin ikon su, kamar yadda ake cewa. 41 00:03:58,125 --> 00:04:07,812 "Kuma a wancan lokacin, Amurkawa sun nada wani mutum wanda ya riga ya san Lenin kuma ya kulla yarjejeniyoyi 42 00:04:07,812 --> 00:04:13,250 na farko da shi. Wannan mutumin shi ne Armand Hammer." 43 00:04:13,250 --> 00:04:20,187 Kuma har zuwa mutuwarsa a shekarar 1990, ɗan gajeren lokaci kafin rasuwarsa, shi ne mai haɗin 44 00:04:20,187 --> 00:04:25,346 gwiwa tsakanin babban birnin Amurka da Politburo. 45 00:04:25,346 --> 00:04:35,159 Kuma duk waɗannan manyan ayyukan shigo da kaya na Tarayyar Soviet, waɗanda suka haɗa da masana'antu, tashoshin samar da 46 00:04:35,159 --> 00:04:42,333 wutar lantarki ta ruwa, da kuma yarjejeniyar "Land and Lease" a lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na 47 00:04:42,333 --> 00:04:48,458 Biyu, an kammala su ƙarƙashin kariyarsa, a ce. 48 00:04:48,458 --> 00:04:53,333 Oh, kuma a gefe guda, Armand Hammer ya kasance biloniya tsawon shekaru. 49 00:04:53,333 --> 00:05:00,166 Mahaifinsa shi ne wanda ya kafa Jam'iyyar Kwaminis, kuma shi ne ɗaya daga cikin masu kafa Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Amurka. 50 00:05:00,166 --> 00:05:07,458 Kuma, tabbas, shi ma ya karɓi Order of Lenin. 51 00:05:07,458 --> 00:05:13,583 br] Masu kallo: Dole ne ku bar hakan ya nutse a zukatanku na ɗan lokaci. 52 00:05:13,583 --> 00:05:20,255 Masu banki da suka kafa Federal Reserve a shekarar 1913 sun ba da kuɗi ga Juyin Juya Halin Oktoba shekaru huɗu 53 00:05:20,255 --> 00:05:24,583 daga baya da kuma kafuwar Tarayyar Soviet a shekarar 1922. 54 00:05:24,583 --> 00:05:30,583 Sakamakon ya kasance gagarumar raƙuman rarraba dukiyoyin Rasha zuwa hannun bankunan Amurka masu shakku! 55 00:05:30,583 --> 00:05:35,250 Da farko, 'yan Soviet sun kwace dukiyoyin aristokraɗi, coci, bourgeoisie da manyan jami'ai. 56 00:05:35,250 --> 00:05:40,543 Ta yin haka, sun ƙirƙiri abin da ake kira dukiyar jama'a, sun biya ribar bankuna na Amurka kuma sun kulla 57 00:05:40,543 --> 00:05:43,708 kwangiloli da waɗannan bankuna don samar da masana'antu. 58 00:05:43,708 --> 00:05:48,291 Bankin Jihar Soviet ya kasance na Rothschild a wancan lokacin, kamar yadda yake a yau. 59 00:05:48,291 --> 00:05:54,000 Wolski ya taƙaita lokacin daga Juyin Juya Halin Oktoba zuwa faduwar Katangar Berlin kamar haka: 60 00:05:54,000 --> 00:06:01,664 "Babu wanda zai yi tunanin cewa waɗannan 'yan komunis na Rasha a ƙarshe an ba su kuɗi ne daga Yamma a 61 00:06:01,664 --> 00:06:06,466 matakin farawa, sannan daga baya aka sarrafa su." 62 00:06:06,466 --> 00:06:16,000 Wannan ma shi ne dalilin da ya sa mutane da yawa ba za su iya fahimtar cewa Tarayyar Soviet ta rushe tsarin kanta ba. 63 00:06:16,000 --> 00:06:20,350 Lokacin da tsarin zamantakewa, karkashin jagorancin Tarayyar Soviet da kasashen Bloc na Gabas kamar 64 00:06:20,350 --> 00:06:25,322 Jamhuriyar Dimokraɗiyyar Jamus (GDR), ya yi taƙura kuma ya tsaya cak, sai ya zama dole a canza tsarin. 65 00:06:25,322 --> 00:06:29,794 Da sun yi jira na dogon lokaci, tsarin zai rushe ba tare da iko ba. 66 00:06:29,794 --> 00:06:34,635 Sai ta hanyar rushewa da aka sarrafa da kuma sabon farawa mai tausayi tare da sababbin fuska ne kawai 67 00:06:34,635 --> 00:06:38,916 ƙungiyoyin da ke bayan fage suka sami damar ci gaba da riƙe iko. 68 00:06:38,916 --> 00:06:43,291 Bayan rushewar Katangar Berlin, An rushe Tarayyar Soviet a shekarar 1991. 69 00:06:43,291 --> 00:06:50,471 Wannan sauyin dabarun da aka sarrafa daga hannun masu iko a bayan fage an shirya shi ne a Cibiyar Nazarin 70 00:06:50,471 --> 00:06:57,291 Tsarin a Vienna, inda hukumomin leƙen asiri na Gabas da Yamma ke aiki tare tun daga 1972. 71 00:06:57,291 --> 00:07:02,750 A can ne aka tsara rushewar Tarayyar Soviet da kuma dukkanin Blokin Gabas. 72 00:07:02,750 --> 00:07:08,583 Wannan cibiyar ta horar da wasu matasa kananan manajoji da aka zaɓa don lokacin bayan faɗuwar Katangar Berlin. 73 00:07:08,583 --> 00:07:18,735 "Kuma wani abu kuma shi ne, domin mu'amala da Tarayyar Soviet, an kafa wata cibiyar haɗin gwiwa a kusa da Vienna 74 00:07:18,735 --> 00:07:27,916 tare da Amurkawa, inda, tun daga 1982, ake horas da jami'an siyasa don zamanin bayan perestroika." 75 00:07:27,916 --> 00:07:39,917 Wannan yana nufin akwai sunaye kamar Chubais, Wechselberg, Arwen da sauransu, waɗanda aka horar da su a can, 76 00:07:39,917 --> 00:07:50,617 sannan a ƙarshen perestroika suka shiga cikin sayar da dukiyar jama'a, wato dukiyar gwamnati. 77 00:07:50,617 --> 00:07:56,644 Kuma haka ne suka zama biliyoniyoyi ko oligarchs da muke magana akansu. 78 00:07:56,644 --> 00:08:02,675 "Kuma 'yan oligarƙi daga Yamma, 'yan oligarƙi na kuɗi, sun kuma shiga. 79 00:08:02,675 --> 00:08:07,544 Kuma sun zaɓi muhimman sassa a masana'antar albarkatun kasa. 80 00:08:07,544 --> 00:08:15,520 Kuma Khodorkovsky misali ne ɗaya, Abramovich kuma wani misali ne, waɗanda suka kasance suna karɓar rance daga Yamma, waɗanda 81 00:08:15,520 --> 00:08:21,043 aka yi musu alkawarin ba da rance tun daga shekarar 1988. 82 00:08:21,043 --> 00:08:28,083 Iyaye masu iko a bayan fage sun yi amfani da wasu matasa masu tasowa da aka zaɓa kuma aka horar da su a Cibiyar Vienna. 83 00:08:28,083 --> 00:08:34,892 Da taimakon masu ba da kuɗi na Yamma, sun samu damar kwace dukiyar ƙasa ta Tarayyar Soviet. 84 00:08:34,892 --> 00:08:42,484 Maza irin Roman Abramovich sun samu damar juya dala miliyan 100 zuwa riba mai ban mamaki ta dala 85 00:08:42,484 --> 00:08:47,591 biliyan 13.5 ta hanyar sake raba dukiyar ƙasa a Rasha. 86 00:08:47,591 --> 00:08:55,826 "Kuma abin da muka fuskanta a lokacin shi ne cewa wannan ya haifar da fitowar ajin 'yan oligarƙi, sannan Kwamitin Siyasa 87 00:08:55,826 --> 00:09:00,500 da jam'iyya, tare da dukkan tsarin su, suka bace kwatsam." 88 00:09:00,500 --> 00:09:06,458 Kuma gwagwarmayar ajin da muka yi a lokacin ta canza zuwa gwagwarmayar yanayi. 89 00:09:06,458 --> 00:09:14,890 Kuma abin da aka yi mana taƙura da shi har zuwa 1990 a Bloc na Gabas shi ne jam'iyyar ajin ma'aikata, yaƙin ajin, 90 00:09:14,890 --> 00:09:25,583 ma'aikatan ƙasashe duka ku haɗu – duk kalmomi marasa ma'ana ne waɗanda yanzu aka maye gurbinsu da wasu kalmomi marasa ma'ana. 91 00:09:25,583 --> 00:09:30,960 Hukunci na wucin gadi: Faduwar Katangar Berlin da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet an tsara su sosai 92 00:09:30,960 --> 00:09:34,468 kuma an aiwatar da su ta hanyar kulawa da gangan. 93 00:09:34,468 --> 00:09:40,016 Cibiyar Vienna ta samar da ƙwarewa, wato sabuwar akidar ƙarancin albarkatu da kariyar 94 00:09:40,016 --> 00:09:44,083 yanayi, yayin da manyan bankuna suka samar da kuɗi. 95 00:09:44,083 --> 00:09:49,083 Wannan kwace dukiyar jama'a zuwa aljihun kaɗan yana ci gaba har zuwa yau. 96 00:09:49,083 --> 00:09:54,498 Kawai taken ne suka canza. Yaƙin ajin ya zama yaƙin yanayi. 97 00:09:54,498 --> 00:09:58,801 A cewar Wolski a wannan hira, waɗannan ƙungiyoyin mutane ne ke sake amfana daga matakan da 98 00:09:58,801 --> 00:10:01,282 dama da aka ɗauka saboda dalilan kare yanayi. 99 00:10:01,282 --> 00:10:12,357 "Eh, kuma hakan ya kai mu ga manufofin da aka sa a Tarayyar Soviet a shekarar 1966." 100 00:10:12,357 --> 00:10:16,394 Manufar farko ita ce a bar Yamma ta girma zuwa cikinsa. 101 00:10:16,394 --> 00:10:23,291 Kuma burin na biyu shi ne samun kudi daga yanayi. Wannan ne abin da ya faru. 102 00:10:23,291 --> 00:10:33,862 "Yanzu muna magana ne game da harajin CO2, sabbin tsarin dumama – kashi 40% na mutane a Jamus suna da gidajensu, kuma ban san nawa 103 00:10:33,862 --> 00:10:43,051 daga cikinsu za su iya sayen sabon tsarin dumama ba – sannan shahararrun Black Rocks da kamfanoni makamancinsu za 104 00:10:43,051 --> 00:10:52,951 su zo suna cewa, to, za mu siya daga kadarorin rushewar kamfani, daga kasuwar sayar da gida da aka kwace." 105 00:10:52,951 --> 00:10:59,357 Karshe: A taƙaice, za a iya cewa ƙungiyoyin manyan masu kuɗi da ke bayan garkuwar hayaki suna ƙara yalwar 106 00:10:59,357 --> 00:11:03,609 dukiyarsu da tasirinsu a duk lokacin da tarihi ya sha girgiza. 107 00:11:03,609 --> 00:11:10,728 Idan aka kalli da gaskiya, manyan abubuwan da suka faru kamar Juyin Juya Halin Oktoba, bayyanar tsarin rikicin ajin, da rushewar 108 00:11:10,728 --> 00:11:18,304 Blokin Gabas sun tabbatar da kasancewarsu samfurin kasuwanci da matakai na kafa gwamnatin danniya ta duniya baki ɗaya. 109 00:11:18,304 --> 00:11:25,458 A yau, a ƙarƙashin kamun kai na abin da ake kira "yaƙin yanayi ko kariyar yanayi", ana ci gaba da aiwatar da wannan ajanda ɗaya. 110 00:11:25,458 --> 00:11:28,689 Ana buƙatar kariyar muhalli cikin gaggawa, amma ba za a iya tsammanin hakan daga 111 00:11:28,689 --> 00:11:31,500 waɗanda ke cin gajiyar waɗannan rikice-rikice ba. 112 00:11:31,500 --> 00:11:36,265 Saboda shiga kai tsaye na mutum, mutane da yawa suna ƙara sanin irin waɗannan batutuwa. 113 00:11:36,265 --> 00:11:38,875 Hazo ya tashi kuma sikeli ya karkata.