WEBVTT 00:00.666 --> 00:05.741 Ho oa ha Lebota la Berlin ka la 9 Pulungoana 1989 ho ile ha kena nalaneng e le phello ea 00:05.741 --> 00:09.062 boipelaetso bo telele ba baahi bo nang le khotso. 00:09.062 --> 00:14.062 Leha ho le jwalo, paki ya mehleng ena Michael Wolski o hlalosa houwa ha Lebota e le mohato o rerilweng ka 00:14.062 --> 00:16.708 maano ke mehlodi e neng e le kamora "lesira la mosi". 00:16.708 --> 00:22.459 A itshetlehile ka maiphihlelo a hae le dipatlisiso tse tebileng, Michael Wolski o hlalosa phetoho e rerilweng 00:22.459 --> 00:28.083 ya setjhaba ho tloha qalong ya Phetohelo ya Mphalane ka 1917 ho fihlela mehleng ya jwale. 00:28.083 --> 00:34.338 O ile a sebetsa khoebong ea machaba bakeng sa GDR lilemong tsa bo-1980, e leng se ileng sa mo fa likhokahano tsa machaba 00:34.338 --> 00:37.708 boemong ba botsamaisi ka bobeli Bochabela le Bophirimela. 00:37.708 --> 00:41.790 Ka tsela ena a ile a fumana ho se tsamaisane ho potileng pale ea ho oa ha Lebota la Berlin. 00:41.790 --> 00:48.747 Nakong ea lipatlisiso tsa hae, Wolski o ile a makala ha a fumana hore baetapele ba khethiloeng, ka Bophirimela le ka Bochabela, 00:48.747 --> 00:52.875 ba ne ba na le tsebo esale pele ka ho oa ha Lerako la Berlin. 00:52.875 --> 00:58.041 Patlisiso ea hae e senotse setšoantšo se fapaneng ka ho feletseng le seo libuka tsa histori li re rutileng sona. 00:58.041 --> 01:03.945 Michael Wolski o qotsa liketsahalo tse 'maloa tse senolang ketso e hokahaneng ea baetapele ba lihlopha tsa Bochabela le 01:03.945 --> 01:07.916 Bophirimela, tse lebisitseng ho putlameng ha Lerako la Berlin. 01:07.916 --> 01:15.593 Ketsahalo ea 1: Qetellong ea Mots'eanong 1987, Mopresidente oa Soviet Mikhail Gorbachev le Letona la hae la Litaba tsa Kantle 01:15.593 --> 01:24.333 ho Naha Eduard Shevardnadze ba ile ba batla hore hlooho ea naha ea GDR Erich Honecker a bula Lebota. Honecker o ile a hana. 01:24.333 --> 01:29.560 Ketsahalo ea 2: Matsatsi a leshome le metso e mene hamorao, Mopresidente oa US ka nako eo, Ronald Reagan, o ile 01:29.560 --> 01:35.208 a bua ka lehlakoreng le ka bophirimela la Heke ea Brandenburg mme a boela a kopa hore Lebota le theohe. 01:35.208 --> 01:38.583 Monghadi Gorbachev, heletsa lerako lena! 01:38.583 --> 01:45.095 Ketsahalo ea 3: Ka 1989, marako a tšireletso ea moeli naheng ea Hungary a ile a heletsoa, e leng se ileng sa 01:45.095 --> 01:49.791 nolofalletsa baahi ba GDR ho balehela Bophirimela ka Austria. 01:49.791 --> 01:58.826 Ketsahalo ea 4: Ka la 9 Pherekhong 1990, koporasi ea US e ngolisitsoeng ho Lekala la Khoebo ea Kantle la East Berlin 01:58.826 --> 02:03.958 e hlakotse odara e neng e behiloe ho Wolski ka Tšitoe 1989. 02:03.958 --> 02:11.112 Mosebetsi ona o ne o le boitokisetso ba ho theha k'hamphani e ka tlase bakeng sa kabo ea lihlahisoa tsa Sehlopha naheng ea GDR. 02:11.112 --> 02:15.416 Lebaka: GDR e tla fela. 02:15.416 --> 02:21.177 Puisanong e qaqileng , Michael Wolski o fana ka lintlha tse ngata haholo mabapi le "ku oa ha Lebota", tse senolang mokhoa o 02:21.177 --> 02:27.583 neng o reriloe o nang le lithahasello tse patiloeng ka lehlakoreng la boetapele ba Bochabela le Bophirimela ka bobeli. 02:27.583 --> 02:32.789 Wolski o boetse o hlalosa kamoo boipelaetso bo nang le khotso bo ileng ba khothaletsoa le ho sebelisoa 02:32.789 --> 02:36.250 hampe ke mekhatlo ea bohlale ea Soviet le ea Bophirimela. 02:36.250 --> 02:42.416 Lebaka: GDR e ne e fihlile boemong ba ho se busuwe le ho putlama ha moruo. 02:42.416 --> 02:47.833 Ho ne ho hlakile hore moruo o reriloeng oa bososhialiste o ne o sa sebetse. 02:47.833 --> 02:53.026 Ka lebaka la ho putlama ka potlako ha GDR, matla a neng a sebetsa ka sekhukhu a ile a qobelleha 02:53.026 --> 02:56.061 ho fetola leano la 'ona. Empa matla ana ke afe? 02:56.061 --> 02:58.291 Mamela Michael Wolski: 02:58.291 --> 03:11.292 "Ho bile le Phetohelo ea Mphalane ka 1917, 'me ho tloha ka nako eo ho bile le libuka tse 'maloa, haholo-holo tse tsoang 03:11.292 --> 03:25.166 United States, tse hlalosang ka botlalo kamano pakeng tsa Wall Street le Phetohelo ea Bolshevik, mohlala ke ea Anthony Sutton. 03:25.166 --> 03:35.836 E boetse e hlalositse kamoo Trotsky le Lenin, ba tšehelitsoe ka lichelete, e mong ke e mong oa bathehi ba Federal 03:35.836 --> 03:45.750 Reserve mme e mong ke ho tsoa ho Abwehr ea Jeremane, ba ileng ba ea Petrograd ho qholotsa phetohelo moo. 03:45.750 --> 03:53.556 Ba bang, hobane ba ne ba bona naha e loketse phetoho, haholoholo babanki ba US, e le hore ba ka 03:53.556 --> 03:58.125 beha naha tlas'a taolo ea bona, ha re ka rialo. 03:58.125 --> 04:07.806 Mme ka nako eo, Maamerika a ile a hira monna ya neng a se a ntse a tseba Lenin mme a etsa ditumellano 04:07.806 --> 04:13.250 tsa pele le yena. Monna eo e ne e le Armand Hammer. 04:13.250 --> 04:25.346 Mme ho fihlela lefung la hae ka 1990, nakoana pele a hlokahala, e ne e le sehokelo pakeng tsa Motsemoholo wa US le Politburo. 04:25.346 --> 04:34.362 Mme merero ena yohle e meholo ya ho reka dinaheng di sele e neng e etswa ke Soviet Union, e akarelletsang difeme le diteishene tsa 04:34.362 --> 04:42.060 motlakase wa metsi, empa hape le tumellano ya "Land and Lease" nakong ya Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Lefatshe, kaofela di 04:42.060 --> 04:48.458 ile tsa phethelwa tlasa tshireletso ya hae, ha re ka rialo. 04:48.458 --> 04:53.333 Eya, hape, Armand Hammer e ne e le bilioneha ka dilemo tse fetileng. 04:53.333 --> 05:00.166 Ntate wa hae e ne e le mothehi wa Mokgatlo wa Bokomonisi, hape e le mothehi-mmoho wa Mokgatlo wa Bokomonisi wa USA. 05:00.166 --> 05:07.458 Mme, ehlile, o ne a boetse e le moamohedi wa Order of Lenin. 05:07.458 --> 05:13.583 Batlhophisi ba ratehang: Le tlameha ho tlohela seo se kene kelellong ea lona ka motsotsoana. 05:13.583 --> 05:20.395 Bo-ramabanka ba thehileng Federal Reserve ka 1913 ba ile ba tshehetsa ka ditjhelete Phetohelo ya Mphalane 05:20.395 --> 05:24.583 dilemo tse nne hamorao le ho thehwa ha USSR ka 1922. 05:24.583 --> 05:30.583 Sephetho e bile leqhubu le leholo la kabo bocha ea matlotlo a Russia matsohong a bo-ramabanka ba Amerika ba belaetsang! 05:30.583 --> 05:35.250 Pele, Masovieti a ile a amoha matlotlo batho ba maemo a phahameng, kereke, borjesi le bahlanka ba maemo a phahameng. 05:35.250 --> 05:40.988 Ka ho etsa jwalo, ba ile ba theha seo ho tsejwang e le thepa ya setjhaba, ba lefa banka tsa Amerika tswala mme ba etsa dikonteraka 05:40.988 --> 05:43.708 le banka tsena bakeng sa ntshetsopele ya diindaseteri. 05:43.708 --> 05:48.291 Banka ea Naha ea Soviet e ne e le ea Rothschild ka nako eo, joalo ka ha e le kajeno. 05:48.291 --> 05:54.000 Wolski o akaretsa nako ho tloha Phetohelong ea Mphalane ho fihlela ho oa ha Lebota la Berlin ka tsela e latelang: 05:54.000 --> 06:01.291 "Ha ho motho ea neng a ka nahana hore makomonisi ana a Russia qetellong a ile a tšehetsoa ka lichelete ke 06:01.291 --> 06:06.466 Bophirimela nakong ea qalo, eaba hamorao a laoloa ke bona." 06:06.466 --> 06:16.000 Hape ke lona lebaka le etsang hore batho ba bangata ba sitoe ho utlwisisa hore Soviet Union e ile ya qhaqholla tsamaiso ya yona. 06:16.000 --> 06:21.820 Ha bososhialiste, bo eteletswe pele ke Soviet Union le dinaha tsa Eastern Bloc tse kang GDR, bo ne bo se bo sa sisinyehe 06:21.820 --> 06:25.322 ebile bo sa tswele pele, phetolo ya tsamaiso e ile ya hlokeha. 06:25.322 --> 06:29.794 Haeba ba ne ba ka lieha haholo, tsamaiso e ne e tla putlama ka tsela e sa laoleheng. 06:29.794 --> 06:35.115 Ke feela ka ho putlama ho laolehileng le qaleho e ncha e utloisisang e nang le batho ba bacha moo matla a 06:35.115 --> 06:38.916 neng a le ka morao a ileng a khona ho boloka taolo. 06:38.916 --> 06:43.291 Kamora ho putlama ha Lebota la Berlin, Soviet Union e ile ya qhalanngwa ka 1991. 06:43.291 --> 06:50.196 Phetolo ena e laolwang ya leano ke ba busang ka sephiring e ne e lokisitswe Setsing sa Tshekatsheko ya Ditsamaiso se 06:50.196 --> 06:57.291 Vienna, moo ditirelo tsa sephiri tsa Botjhabela le Bophirimela di ntseng di sebetsa mmoho ho tloha ka 1972. 06:57.291 --> 07:02.750 Ke moo ho neng ho reriloe ho qhaqholloa ha Soviet Union, mmoho le Bloc eohle ea Bochabela. 07:02.750 --> 07:06.288 Setsi sena se ile sa koetlisa batsamaisi ba bacha ba khethiloeng ba maemo a tlase bakeng sa nako 07:06.288 --> 07:08.583 e ileng ea latela ho putlama ha Lerako la Berlin. 07:08.583 --> 07:18.377 "Mme ntlha e nngwe ke hore, e le ho sebetsana le Soviet Union, ho ile ha thehwa setsi sa kopanelo haufi le Vienna le Maamerika, 07:18.377 --> 07:27.916 moo, ho tloha ka 1982 ho ya pele, ho ileng ha kwetliswa basebeletsi ba dipolotiki bakeng sa mehla ya kamora perestroika. 07:27.916 --> 07:39.540 Seo se bolela hore ho na le mabitso a kang Chubais, Wechselberg, Arwen le a mang, ba ileng ba koetlisetsoa moo eaba, 07:39.540 --> 07:50.617 qetellong ea perestroika, ba kenya letsoho ho rekisetseng batho ka bomong thepa ea sechaba, thepa ea 'muso. 07:50.617 --> 07:56.644 Mme ke kamoo ba ileng ba fetoha bo-bilione kapa bo-oligarke bao re buang ka bona. 07:56.644 --> 08:02.675 Mme bo-oligarka ba tsoang Bophirimela, bo-oligarka ba lichelete, le bona ba ne ba kenetse. 08:02.675 --> 08:07.544 Mme ba ne ba kgethile dikarolo tse hlwahlwa indastering ya thepa e tala. 08:07.544 --> 08:15.439 Mme Khodorkovsky ke mohlala o jwalo, Abramovich ke mohlala o mong, ba ntseng ba fumana dikadimo ho tswa Bophirimela, 08:15.439 --> 08:21.043 ba neng ba filwe ditlamo tsa dikadimo ho tloha ka 1988. 08:21.043 --> 08:25.453 Ka hona, matla a neng a le ka morao ho liketsahalo a ile a sebelisa bacha ba sa tswa qala ba neng ba 08:25.453 --> 08:28.083 kgethilwe, ba neng ba kwetlisitswe Setsing sa Vienna. 08:28.083 --> 08:34.892 Ka thuso ea batšehetsi ba lichelete ba Bophirimela, ba ile ba khona ho hapa leruo la naha la Soviet Union. 08:34.892 --> 08:42.874 Banna ba kang Roman Abramovich ba ile ba khona ho fetola lidolara tse limilione tse 100 ho ba phaello e makatsang ea lidolara 08:42.874 --> 08:47.591 tse libilione tse 13.5 ka kabo bocha ea leruo la naha Russia. 08:47.591 --> 08:55.349 "Mme seo re ileng ra se itemohela e ne e le hore ho tsoile sehlopha sa ba busang ba itseng, mme Politburo le 08:55.349 --> 09:00.500 mokgatlo, ka meaho ya ona yohle, tsa nyamela ka tshohanyetso." 09:00.500 --> 09:06.458 Mme ntwa ya maemo a batho eo re neng re ena le yona ka nako eo e ile ya fetoha ntwa ya tlelaemete. 09:06.458 --> 09:14.850 Mme seo re neng re se hlahloja ho fihlela ka 1990 Bloc-eng ya Botjhabela e ne e le mokga wa basebetsi, ntwa ya maemo, le 09:14.850 --> 09:20.724 'proletarians ba dinaha tsohle, kopanang' – mantswe aohle a se nang moelelo a seng a 09:20.724 --> 09:25.583 nkile sebaka ka mantswe a mang a se nang moelelo. 09:25.583 --> 09:31.018 Qeto ea nakoana: Ho oa ha Lebota la Berlin le ho qhalana ha Soviet Union li ne li reretsoe ka 09:31.018 --> 09:34.468 hloko 'me tsa phethahatsoa ka taolo e reriloeng. 09:34.468 --> 09:40.297 Setsi sa Vienna se fane ka boitsebelo, ke hore, maikutlo a macha a mehlodi e fokolang le tshireletso ya 09:40.297 --> 09:44.083 tlelaemete, mme dibanka tse kgolo di fane ka tjhelete. 09:44.083 --> 09:49.083 Ho nka thepa ea sechaba ke batho ba seng bakae ho tsoela pele ho fihlela kajeno. 09:49.083 --> 09:54.498 Ke li-slogan feela tse fetohileng. Ntoa ea maemo a sechaba e fetohile ntoa ea tlelaemete. 09:54.498 --> 09:58.519 Ho latela Wolski puisanong ena, lihlopha tseo tsa batho li ntse li rua molemo hape ka mehato e 09:58.519 --> 10:01.282 mengata e nketsoeng ka mabaka a tšireletso ea tlelaemete. 10:01.282 --> 10:12.357 "E, mme seo se re tlisa ho lipakane tse neng li behiloe Soviet Union ka 1966." 10:12.357 --> 10:16.394 Sepheo sa pele e ne e le ho tlohella Bophirimela hore bo itlhamele eona. 10:16.394 --> 10:23.291 Mme sepheo sa bobedi e ne e le ho etsa tjhelete ka tlelaemete. Ke sona se etsahetseng. 10:23.291 --> 10:30.839 Joale ba bua ka makgetho ana a CO2, mekgwa e metjha ya ho futhumatsa – 40% ya batho naheng ya Jeremane ba na le matlo a 10:30.839 --> 10:39.084 bona, mme ha ke tsebe hore na ke ba bakae ba bona ba tla kgona ho reka mokgwa o motjha wa ho futhumatsa – mme yaba dikhamphani tse 10:39.084 --> 10:45.998 tummeng tse kang Black Rocks le tse tshwanang le tsona di tla ba teng di re, ho lokile, re tla e reka ho tswa 10:45.998 --> 10:52.951 thekong ya matlotlo a mokga o putlameng, ho tswa fantising ya matlo a hapilweng ke banka. 10:52.951 --> 10:58.330 Qetello: Ka bokhutšoanyane, ho ka boleloa hore mekhatlo ea lichelete tse phahameng e ipatileng ka morao ho 10:58.330 --> 11:03.609 lerōle e holisa leruo le tšusumetso ea eona ka nako e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea moferefere oa nalane. 11:03.609 --> 11:09.613 Ha di shejwa ka nnete, diketsahalo tse hlahelletseng tse kang Phetohelo ya Mphalane, ho hlaha ha tsamaiso ya ntwa ya dihlopha 11:09.613 --> 11:14.753 tsa setjhaba, le ho putlama ha Sehlopha sa Botjhabela, di ipaka e le mohlala wa kgwebo le mehato e lebisang 11:14.753 --> 11:18.304 ho theheng puso ya bohatelli ya lefatshe ka bophara. 11:18.304 --> 11:25.458 Kajeno, ka lebitso la seo ho thoeng ke "ntwa ya tlelaemete kapa tshireletso ya tlelaemete", ho ntse ho phehelwa lenaneo lona leo. 11:25.458 --> 11:31.500 Tšireletso ea tikoloho e hlokahala ka potlako, empa e ke ke ea lebelloa ho ba ruang molemo mathateng ana. 11:31.500 --> 11:36.265 Ka lebaka la ho kenella ha batho ka bomong, batho ba bangata le ho feta ba ntse ba itlhahisa ka litaba tse joalo. 11:36.265 --> 11:38.875 Mouwane o a phahama, mme dintho di a hlaka.