WEBVTT 00:00.000 --> 00:09.053 Mgba agha na Vietnam malitere mgbe e kwupụtara nnwere onwe na Vietnam n'okpuru Ho Chi Minh na 1945. 00:09.053 --> 00:17.081 France, ike ọchịchị alaeze ojii gara aga, gbalịrị iweghachite mba ahụ n'okpuru njikwa ya 00:17.081 --> 00:22.060 n'ime ihe a na-akpọ Agha Indochina (1946–1954). 00:22.060 --> 00:29.869 Nke a na-atọ ụtọ n'ihi na France – dịka ọtụtụ mba ndị ọzọ, dịka ihe ọmụmụ ha mụtara site na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, nke 00:29.869 --> 00:37.920 gburu ndụ nde mmadụ iri isii – debanyere aka na nkwekọrịta UN nke machibidoro ime ihe ike na 24 Ọktoba 1945. 00:37.920 --> 00:47.520 Isiokwu nke 2 kwuru sị: "Ndị òtù niile ga-ezere, n'ime mmekọrịta ha n'ụwa niile, ịkpọ egwu ma ọ bụ iji ike megide njikọ ala ma 00:47.520 --> 00:58.280 ọ bụ nnwere onwe ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị nke steeti ọ bụla, ma ọ bụ n'ụzọ ọ bụla ọzọ na-emegide ebumnuche nke Ụmụ Mmekọrịta Ụwa." 00:58.280 --> 01:05.920 Otú ọ dị, site n'aka nkwado United States, France malitere agha ọzọ otu afọ ka e mesịrị. 01:05.920 --> 01:11.008 N'ikpeazụ agha ahụ, kewara mba ahụ n'ime Vietnam Ugwu na Vietnam Ndịda, na olileanya maka 01:11.008 --> 01:14.853 ntuli aka n'efu na ijikọta ya ọzọ n'ọdịnihu dị nso. 01:14.853 --> 01:20.761 Otú ọ dị, e mebiri nkwekọrịta a – ma site n'enyemaka nke ọrụ nzuzo America, CIA, e 01:20.761 --> 01:25.320 guzobere onye isi ala megidere na Vietnam nke ndịda. 01:25.320 --> 01:31.791 Dịka Katọlik, o mechara were usoro ike dị egwu megide ndị kwadoro komunizim nke Onye isi 01:31.791 --> 01:35.968 ala Vietnam Ugwu, Ho Chi Minh, na ndị Bụdda. 01:35.968 --> 01:45.520 E mechara mara ọnọdụ ahụ n'ụwa niile karịsịa site n'ịkụ onwe ya ọkụ n'ihu ọha nke otu ụkọchukwu Buddha na Saigon n'afọ 1963. 01:45.520 --> 01:52.793 Na 2 Nọvemba 1963, CIA gbuuru onye isi megide onwe ya. 01:52.793 --> 01:59.904 Na 22 Nọvemba n'afọ ahụ, e gbuo Onye isi ala Amerịka John F. Kennedy. 01:59.904 --> 02:05.824 N'oge na-adịghị anya tupu nke ahụ, ọ tụrụ atụmatụ iwepụ ndị ndụmọdụ Amerịka niile si Vietnam nke ndịda. 02:05.824 --> 02:08.494 Njikọ? 02:08.494 --> 02:19.361 N'Ọktoba 1963, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ọnwa tupu ọnwụ ya, Kennedy malitere iwepụ ndị agha US si Vietnam. 02:19.361 --> 02:27.562 N'akwụkwọ ncheta gọọmentị nke e dere na 11 Ọktoba 1963, ọ nyere iwu ka ewepụ puku otu ndị 02:27.562 --> 02:32.576 agha Amerịka si Vietnam tupu ngwụcha afọ ahụ. 02:32.576 --> 02:40.405 Robert McNamara, Onye Nchekwa Ọgụ n'ọgbakọ ndị minista nke John F. Kennedy, kwuru mgbe e mesịrị na Kennedy 02:40.405 --> 02:45.986 ga-apụ kpamkpam na Vietnam ma ọ bụrụ na ọ ka dị ndụ. 02:45.986 --> 02:54.965 Site na iwu a, agbanyeghị, Kennedy kpasuru iwe n'otu ndị agha na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ngwa agha na ọrụ nzuzo nke US. 02:54.965 --> 03:07.352 Ha nwere ebumnuche ịgbasawanye ọchịchị America site n'agha ndị ọzọ nke ime ihe ike na ntinye agha – gụnyere na Vietnam na Cuba. 03:07.352 --> 03:16.860 Nke a bụ kpọmkwem ihe kpatara mwakpo Bay of Pigs na Cuba ji mere na 1961 – mana ọ dara. 03:16.860 --> 03:26.753 Nke a bụ ọrụ agha nzuzo nke CIA nwere ebumnuche ịtụfuo onye isi ala Cuba Fidel Castro. 03:26.753 --> 03:36.760 Kennedy mechara kpụọ Onye isi CIA Allen Dulles n'ọrụ ma kwupụta ebumnuche ya ịkwaa usoro ike dị n'ime CIA. 03:36.760 --> 03:43.173 Ebumnuche ya bụ iweta CIA n'okpuru njikwa ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị ọzọ. 03:43.173 --> 03:52.020 N'ịchọ ndị nọ n'azụ igbu Kennedy, ụzọ ahụ doro anya na-eduga na ọrụ nzuzo US. 03:52.020 --> 03:56.416 Onye ọkà mmụta akụkọ ihe mere eme Swiss, Dọkịta Daniele Ganser, kwuru: 03:56.416 --> 04:04.740 N'echiche m, Allen Dulles nyere iwu igbu Kennedy. 04:04.740 --> 04:09.960 Allen Dulles bụ onye ndu ọrụ nzuzo America, CIA. 04:09.960 --> 04:15.800 Richard Bissell na-ahụ maka ọrụ nzuzo n'ime CIA. 04:15.800 --> 04:18.910 Nke ahụ bụ onye aka nri Allen Dulles. O wepụrụ ha abụọ n'ọrụ. 04:18.910 --> 04:27.333 Ha abụọ kwenyere na Kennedy bụ ihe ize ndụ nchekwa maka United States na maka ọdịmma ọchịchị alaeze US. 04:27.333 --> 04:36.245 N'ihi na ha chere na ọ bụrụ na ọ gaghị agba ọgụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ megide Fidel ma ọ bụ megide Cuba, ọ gaghị agba ọgụ megide Vietnam, 04:36.245 --> 04:40.832 ọ gaghị ebido agha – mgbe ahụ ọchịchị America n'ụwa ga-akwụsị. 04:40.832 --> 04:47.509 Ọtụtụ awa ole na ole ka e gbuo John F. Kennedy, a kpọrọ Lyndon B. Johnson ka ọ bụrụ Onye 04:47.509 --> 04:51.520 isi ala US ọhụrụ n'elu ụgbọelu Air Force One. 04:51.520 --> 04:56.764 Johnson si otú a bilitere n'elu ndọrọndọrọ ọchịchị US na-enweghị ntuli aka. 04:56.764 --> 05:04.680 Johnson kwụsịrị usoro udo Kennedy ma duzie United States n'ọgụ megide Vietnam Ugwu. 05:04.680 --> 05:13.103 Ruo afọ 1968, e debere ndị agha Amerịka karịrị 500,000 na Vietnam. 05:13.103 --> 05:23.200 CIA sonyere nke ukwuu n'ọgụ a ma rụọ ọtụtụ ọrụ nzuzo ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị na nke agha. 05:23.200 --> 05:26.784 Allen Welsh Dulles bụ onyeisi CIA. 05:26.784 --> 05:32.979 Ya na Dulles, otu n'ime ndị a na-enyo enyo kacha isi n'ịgbu Kennedy nọdụ na kọmitii nyocha. 05:32.979 --> 05:38.293 Ya na nwanne ya nwoke, John Foster Dulles, nwere njikọ ezinụlọ na David Rockefeller ma 05:38.293 --> 05:42.057 bụrụ ndị guzobere Ọgbakọ Maka Mmekọrịta Mba Ọzọ. 05:42.057 --> 05:51.963 Allen Dulles, onye Freemason nke ọkwa iri atọ na atọ, nọkwa na bọọdụ CFR site na 1927 ruo 1969. 05:51.963 --> 05:59.436 Lyndon B. Johnson (Onye isi ala site na 1963 ruo 1969) Johnson bụkwa Freemason. 05:59.436 --> 06:08.636 Ọ sonyere Johnson City Lodge No. 561 dị na Texas n'afọ 1937, ọ bụkwa onye òtù Janus Masonic Lodge. 06:08.636 --> 06:18.322 N'ụbọchị 2 Ọgọst 1964, e mere obere ọgụ n'ime mmiri ókèala Vietnam Ugwu, n'Ogba Tonkin, n'etiti ụgbọ mmiri agha USS Maddox na 06:18.322 --> 06:24.530 ọtụtụ ụgbọ mmiri ọsọ ndị Vietnam Ugwu nwere ngwa agha dị ntakịrị. 06:24.530 --> 06:32.633 Ma n'abalị nke 4 Ọgọst, Onye isi ala ọhụrụ Johnson kwupụtara na e merụrụ United States ọzọ n'ụbọchị ahụ. 06:32.633 --> 06:36.490 Ugbu a, ha ga-alụ ọgụ azụ iji nweta udo. 06:36.490 --> 06:44.930 Afọ ole na ole gachara, na Disemba 2005, NSA kwetara na ihe merenụ na Oké Osimiri Tonkin bụ ụgha. 06:44.930 --> 06:49.250 N'ihi na USS Maddox adịghịzi n'ógbè ahụ. 06:49.250 --> 06:54.356 Site n'ime nke a, ha gosipụtara Onye isi ala Johnson dịka onye mpụ agha. 06:54.356 --> 07:03.705 Nke a enweghị nsonaazụ ọ bụla, n'ihi na ọbụna taa, a ka na-emepụta ma ọ bụ na-akpụ akụkọ ụgha maka ihe kpatara agha – 07:03.705 --> 07:09.106 dịka na Iraq, Libya, Yugoslavia, Syria, Yemen na ndị ọzọ. 07:09.106 --> 07:15.050 Mkpali, nkwa dara na ụgha mgbasa ozi dị n'ebe niile. 07:15.050 --> 07:21.683 Ndị omekome agha ka dị ndụ, dịka Bush, Cheney na Colin Powell, agaghị ebute ha n'ụlọikpe. 07:21.683 --> 07:28.593 A naghịkwa kpọrọ United States ikpe n'ụzọ gọọmentị, ọ bụ ezie na ha mebiela mgbochi ime 07:28.593 --> 07:33.030 ihe ike ha debanyere aha na 1945 ọtụtụ ugboro. 07:33.030 --> 07:35.703 Laghachiri n'afọ 1964: 07:35.703 --> 07:44.383 Mgbasa ozi kesaara ụgha gọọmenti US gbasara agha, si otú a dọtara ndị America na-amaghị ihe n'ime agha na-ebute nnukwu mmebi. 07:44.383 --> 07:49.776 Miliọn atọ ndị Vietnam na ndị agha US 58,000 nwụrụ. 07:49.776 --> 07:55.429 E nwere ime mpụ, ịkpụ isi, ịkpagbu – dịka n'ọgụ ọ bụla. 07:55.429 --> 08:00.428 Ihe pụrụ iche bụ na ndị nta akụkọ mba ọzọ nwere ike ịga ebe niile n'enweghị mgbochi n'oge ahụ. 08:00.428 --> 08:06.443 Ha kere onyonyo eziokwu nke agha nke a naghịzi ahụ taa. 08:06.443 --> 08:14.999 Ma anyị hụla foto si Afghanistan ma ọ bụ Iraq nke na-egosi United States na mba NATO na-eme mpụ agha? 08:14.999 --> 08:24.328 N'oge ahụ, USA na-alụ ọgụ na napalm, ngwakọta mmanụ ụgbọala na-ejide nke na-akpata ọkụ siri ike. 08:24.328 --> 08:32.876 Ihe ahụ dịkwa otu a maka ọgwụ na-ewepụ ahịhịa Agent Orange, nke kpatara mmejọ siri ike n'ọgbọ ndị sochiri. 08:32.876 --> 08:39.862 N'afọ ndị sochiri agha ahụ, ndị Vietnam ọzọ 400,000 nwụrụ n'ihi ya. Ntụnyere ya na nke taa: 08:39.862 --> 08:46.427 Anyị anaghị ahụ onyonyo ọ bụla na mgbasa ozi bụ isi taa nke ngwa agha ndị na-adịkwa obi ọjọọ dịka uranium 08:46.427 --> 08:50.463 dara ogbenye, nke eji na agha NATO site na Iraq ruo Syria. 08:50.463 --> 08:52.483 Ma nke ahụ abụghị ihe niile. 08:52.483 --> 09:00.743 N'afọ 1964, Amerịka kpọkwara mwakpo mba agbata obi Laos, tụfuru tọnụ ọgụgụ ruru nde abụọ nke bọmbụ. 09:00.743 --> 09:06.490 Nke ahụ pụtara otu ibu ụgbọelu kwa nkeji asatọ maka afọ itoolu. 09:06.490 --> 09:17.470 N'afọ 1969, ewakporo Kambodia kwa – na mbido, eji ndekọ ụgha banyere mbupu ụgbọelu kwupụtara na ha na-alụ ọgụ na Vietnam. 09:17.470 --> 09:24.190 Agha atọ a na-ezighị ezi mere na-enweghị ikike UN ma na-emegide iwu UN megide iji ike. 09:24.190 --> 09:30.644 Site na 1967 gaa n'ihu, onyonyo agha na akụkọ sitere na Vietnam kpalitere mmegharị udo hippie na 09:30.644 --> 09:34.938 mmegharị ikike ụmụ mmadụ nke Martin Luther King na-eduga. 09:34.938 --> 09:40.276 Ndị a ma ama dịka onye mgba bọks Muhammad Ali gosikwara nkwupụta mkpesa ha n'ụzọ doro anya. 09:40.276 --> 09:50.796 O kwuru, "Ndị ọcha na-eziga ndị ojii ka ha lụọ ndị odo ọgụ iji chebe mba ha ji wepụ n'aka ndị uhie." . 09:50.796 --> 09:54.970 Ya mere, n'ikpeazụ, US ga-eme mkparịta ụka iji nweta nkwekọrịta udo. 09:54.970 --> 09:59.813 N'afọ 1975, mgbe afọ iri na otu gachara, Agha Vietnam kwụsịrị.