WEBVTT 00:00.259 --> 00:07.041 Tun daga shekarar 1982, ana bikin Ranar Duniya ta Masu Kin Yaki Saboda Dalilan Ruhi a ranar 15 ga Mayu. 00:07.041 --> 00:09.906 Kin yarda da yin soja saboda dalilan ruhaniya hakkin ɗan adam ne! 00:09.906 --> 00:15.008 A shekarar 1987, Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ta amince da hakkin kin yin soja bisa dalilan 00:15.008 --> 00:18.640 san rana a matsayin hakkin ɗan adam na duniya. 00:18.640 --> 00:23.961 A shekarar 2004, Kwamitin Kare Hakkin Dan Adam na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya yi kira ga kasashen mambobin Majalisar 00:23.961 --> 00:30.145 Dinkin Duniya da su tsara dokoki da kuma kiyaye hakkin kin yin aiki bisa dalilan san ransa a cikin dokokin ƙasashensu. 00:30.145 --> 00:34.299 A cewar Wikipedia, kin yaki saboda tunani hakki ne na farar hula da doka ke karewa a cikin 00:34.299 --> 00:37.812 jihohin dimokuraɗiyya masu tsarin kundin tsarin mulki. 00:37.812 --> 00:44.720 Duk da haka, yawanci ana sanya shi ƙarƙashin wasu matakai da buƙatu, kuma rashin bin su na iya haifar da gurfanar da laifi. 00:44.720 --> 00:49.772 A cikin mulkin kama-karya da lokacin yanayin gaggawa da gwamnati ta kakaba (kamar dokar soja), kin yarda da yin 00:49.772 --> 00:55.040 aiki bisa ƙin zuciya sau da yawa ba bisa ka'ida ba ne kuma ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin laifi. 00:55.040 --> 01:01.077 Amma yaya kasashe daban-daban ke magance wannan haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙin soji bisa ƙwaƙwalwa? 01:01.077 --> 01:06.532 Wane ne ya tabbata a matsayin "jihar dimokuraɗiyya mai tsarin mulki" kuma wane ne "mulkin kama-karya"? 01:06.532 --> 01:10.132 A cikin abin da ke gaba, za mu yi nazari dalla-dalla kan wasu ƙasashe: 01:10.132 --> 01:15.632 A cikin tsoffin jamhuriyoyin Soviet na Azerbaijan da Turkmenistan, masu ƙin soji saboda dalilan 01:15.632 --> 01:18.920 tunani suna fuskantar shekaru da dama a gidan yari. 01:18.920 --> 01:23.586 An riga an gurfanar da wasu masu kin yin soja saboda dalilan ruhaniya a gaban kotunan Arewacin Cyprus. 01:23.586 --> 01:27.078 Ana kuma tsananta wa masu ƙin soji saboda dalilan ruhaniya a Turkiyya. 01:27.078 --> 01:33.652 Ba abin mamaki ba ne, a cikin Koriya ta Arewa mai mulkin kama-karya, ƙin yin soja bisa dalilan ruhaniya ana 01:33.652 --> 01:37.149 hukunta shi da tarar da ta kai zama a sansanin tsare mutane. 01:37.149 --> 01:44.224 Amma ko a Koriya ta Kudu wadda ake ganin dimokuradiyya ce, an tauye masu kin soji saboda imani na tsawon shekaru da dama. 01:44.224 --> 01:52.217 A cikin shekaru 68, kusan masu kin yi wa soja bisa dalilan ruhaniya 20,000 sun yi kusan shekaru 37,000 a gidan yari. 01:52.217 --> 01:59.251 Ko da yake an amince da dokar kin yi soji bisa dalilan tunani a ƙarshen shekarar 2019, dole ne a yi 01:59.251 --> 02:03.636 "aikin madadin" na tsawon watanni 36 a cikin gidajen yari. 02:03.636 --> 02:08.082 Wannan kusan ninki biyu ne na tsawon aikin soja na al'ada. 02:08.082 --> 02:13.424 Ayyukansu na yau da kullum a gidajen yari sun haɗa da gyara da tsafta. 02:13.424 --> 02:20.570 Kasashen Asiya ta Kudu-maso-Gabashin Singapore da Thailand ma ba sa amincewa da hakkin kin yin soja bisa dalilan tunani. 02:20.570 --> 02:27.525 A Eritireya, a arewa maso gabashin Afirka, ana tilasta wa mata da maza yin hidima har zuwa shekaru 20 ba 02:27.525 --> 02:31.268 tare da dalili ba; saboda haka da yawa sun bar ƙasar. 02:31.268 --> 02:34.671 Isra'ila tana amincewa ne kawai da iyakantaccen haƙƙin kin yin soja saboda dalilan 02:34.671 --> 02:37.015 ɗabi'a ga mata da ake buƙatar su yi hidimar soja. 02:37.015 --> 02:42.912 Kin yaki na mutane ana ɗauka a matsayin rashin biyayya ko tserewa daga yaki. 02:42.912 --> 02:51.441 A ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 2025, Tagesschau.de ta ruwaito cewa masu ƙin yaki bisa ƙa'ida suna zama matsala ga Isra'ila. 02:51.441 --> 02:57.170 Sojojin Isra'ila suna dogara ne kan abin da ake kira 'yan ajiyar soja, waɗanda za a iya kiran 02:57.170 --> 03:00.500 su don yin hidimar soja har zuwa shekaru arba'in. 03:00.500 --> 03:11.490 Tun bayan harin Hamas na 7 ga Oktoba, 2023, an ce sama da sojojin ajiya 100,000 sun ƙi yin hidima a rundunar sojin Isra'ila. 03:11.490 --> 03:17.057 Yanzu ga yakin Ukraine tun daga 24 ga Fabrairu, 2022: 03:17.057 --> 03:25.862 Connection e.V., wata ƙungiya ta Jamus mai ƙawance da motsin zaman lafiya, tana kiyasta cewa sama da maza 22,000 da ke da alhakin 03:25.862 --> 03:30.523 yin aikin soja za su bar Belarus kafin watan Satumba 2022. 03:30.523 --> 03:35.475 A Belarus, ana tilasta duk maza masu shekaru 18 zuwa 27 yin aikin soja. 03:35.475 --> 03:38.684 A cewar Dokar Laifuka, masu kin yin soja saboda dalilan ruhaniya na fuskantar tara da 03:38.684 --> 03:41.412 hukuncin zaman gidan yari har zuwa shekaru biyar. 03:41.412 --> 03:50.777 Bisa ga wani bincike da wata cibiyar sadarwa mai zaman kanta ta Rasha, Connection e.V., ta gudanar, an kammala cewa 03:50.777 --> 04:01.819 tsakanin 24 ga Fabrairu 2022 da Yuli 2023, akalla sojoji 250,000 daga Rasha sun bar ƙasar suka nemi mafaka a wasu ƙasashe. 04:01.819 --> 04:07.854 A Rasha, akwai wajibcin hidimar soja ga duk maza masu shekaru 18 zuwa 30. 04:07.854 --> 04:12.903 Aikace-aikacen kin yin soja bisa dalilan tunani yana yiwuwa ne kawai har sai an fara tilastawa mutane yin soja. 04:12.903 --> 04:18.205 Masu ajiyar soja – waɗanda za a iya kiran su har zuwa shekaru 65 – da sojoji ba su da 04:18.205 --> 04:22.259 haƙƙin neman ƙin yin soja bisa dalilan tunani. 04:22.259 --> 04:29.330 Sauyin doka a watan Nuwamba 2022 kuma yana nufin cewa masu kin yin soja bisa dalilan tunani, waɗanda ke yin abin 04:29.330 --> 04:36.643 da ake kira hidima madadin, za a iya kiran su zuwa hidimar soja domin yin ayyuka ba tare da makami ba. 04:36.643 --> 04:43.921 Duk da yake a Rasha – wadda ake zarginta da mulkin kama-karya – an tabbatar da ɓangare na aikace-aikacen ƙin soji 04:43.921 --> 04:50.999 bisa dalilan tunani, gwamnatin Ukraine ta dakatar gaba ɗaya da haƙƙin ƙin soji tun farkon yakin. 04:50.999 --> 04:58.684 Ana gurfanar da masu kin yaki bisa ƙa'idar ruhaniya, kuma a wasu lokuta ana yanke musu hukuncin shekaru da dama a gidan yari. 04:58.684 --> 05:07.298 Tsakanin Janairu da Satumba 2023, an gudanar da kusan shari'u 19,000 na laifi saboda kin yi soji bisa dalilan san-rai. 05:07.298 --> 05:10.677 Kuma akwai ƙarin shari'o'i da yawa kan masu tserewa. 05:10.677 --> 05:15.462 Za su fuskanci shekaru a gidan yari ko a mayar da su zuwa layin gaba. 05:15.462 --> 05:22.093 Duk maza 'yan Ukraine masu shekaru 18 zuwa 60 – ciki har da waɗanda ke zaune a ƙasashen waje – dole ne su yi 05:22.093 --> 05:26.712 rijistar hidimar soja kuma su sabunta matsayin mazauninsu. 05:26.712 --> 05:34.616 Connection e.V. na kiyasta cewa sama da maza 325,000 a Ukraine za su kauce wa hidimar soja 05:34.616 --> 05:39.944 su tsere zuwa Tarayyar Turai kafin farkon 2024. 05:39.944 --> 05:45.526 Wasu ƙasashe da ke da haƙƙin ƙin yin soja saboda dalilan san-rai a zaman lafiya suna takaita wannan 05:45.526 --> 05:49.554 haƙƙi a lokacin yaƙi ko kuma su kawar da shi gaba ɗaya. 05:49.554 --> 05:55.901 Maskin dimokuradiyarsu ya fadi, kuma fuskar su ta gaskiya, mai ƙiyayya ga bil'adama, ta bayyana. 05:55.901 --> 06:02.426 Wannan saboda hakkin kin yaki bisa dalilan ruhaniya yana aiki ko da a lokacin gaggawar ƙasa da ke barazana ga rayuwar 06:02.426 --> 06:09.678 ƙasa, kamar yadda Babban Kwamishinan Majalisar Dinkin Duniya kan Haƙƙin Bil Adama ya rubuta a wani bugu. 06:09.678 --> 06:16.561 Abin da ya fi muhimmanci, 'yan siyasa da kafofin watsa labarai na Yamma suna kare goyon bayansu ga Ukraine ta hanyar yin 06:16.561 --> 06:21.103 kama-karya cewa Ukraine tana tsaye a kan "tushen dimokuradiyya". 06:21.103 --> 06:29.341 Wannan ne abin da SRF ta yi, misali, a cikin shirin Tagesgespräch na 22 ga Agusta 2023 tare da masanin binciken yaɗa 06:29.341 --> 06:34.375 ƙarya na Jamus kuma masanin tarihi Christian Hardinghaus. 06:34.375 --> 06:41.095 Saboda haka ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa idan ana maganar kin yaki bisa dalilan ruhaniya, SRF ta nuna yatsa ne kawai ga Rasha 06:41.095 --> 06:44.804 kuma ba ta ce komai game da halin da ake ciki a Ukraine ba. 06:44.804 --> 06:49.153 SRF don haka tana tabbatar da kanta a matsayin bakin watsa labarai na yaɗa ƙarya ga gwamnatin Ukraine, 06:49.153 --> 06:53.193 kuma saboda haka tana ɗaya daga cikin ɓangarorin yaƙin. 06:53.193 --> 06:58.333 Duk da haka, kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar rashin jinƙai da gwamnatin Ukraine ta yi wa masu ƙin yin soja 06:58.333 --> 07:02.080 saboda dalilan ruhaniya, ba ta da alaƙa da dimokuradiyya. 07:02.080 --> 07:10.508 Wannan kuma an tabbatar da shi ta bakin wani ɗan Ukraine mai shekaru 36 da ke zaune a Switzerland a wata hira da swissinfo.ch: 07:10.508 --> 07:14.463 Duk tsarin ya lalace daga sama har ƙasa, ina tunani. 07:14.463 --> 07:18.980 Shi ya sa mutane ke barin fagen fama kuma suna rasa ƙwazon su na zuwa gaba. 07:18.980 --> 07:25.980 Abokina da ke zaune a can yana ci gaba da gaya mini, "Kada ka ma yi tunanin zuwa nan!" 07:25.980 --> 07:34.880 A ƙarshe, za mu duba yadda ake magance haƙƙin ɗan adam na ƙin soji bisa ƙwazon zuciya a Tarayyar Turai da, musamman, a Jamus. 07:34.880 --> 07:40.975 A cewar Rudi Friedrich daga ƙungiyar "Connection e.V.", kimanin 'yan Rasha 3,500 sun nemi mafaka a Jamus 07:40.975 --> 07:46.758 saboda ƙin yaki bisa dalilan tunani, bisa ga ƙididdiga daga Ofishin Tarayya na Kuddura. 07:46.758 --> 07:51.350 Akwai kusan 10,000 a fadin Tarayyar Turai, amma mafi yawan aikace-aikacen neman mafaka da suke shigarwa 07:51.350 --> 07:54.287 ana ƙin amincewa da su a duk faɗin Tarayyar Turai. 07:54.287 --> 08:00.810 Gwamnatin tarayya ta baya ta bayyana cewa ya kamata a ba wa masu tserewa daga Rasha kariyar 'yan gudun hijira. 08:00.810 --> 08:02.558 Amma waɗannan kaɗan ne kawai. 08:02.558 --> 08:07.180 Yawancin 'yan Rasha da suka tsere zuwa Yamma su ne masu kauce wa kiran soja, waɗanda tun 08:07.180 --> 08:10.254 farko ba sa son a tilasta su yin hidimar soja. 08:10.254 --> 08:15.488 Gabaɗaya ana ƙin amincewa da buƙatun neman mafaka na su bisa hujjar cewa ba a ganin akwai 08:15.488 --> 08:19.131 yiwuwar gaske sosai da za a ɗauke su aikin yaki. 08:19.131 --> 08:24.957 Hukunci daban-daban na kotunan Jamus sun nuna cewa ba a daidaita yadda ake kimanta halin haɗari 08:24.957 --> 08:29.053 ga sojojin Rasha da suka tsere daga runduna ba. 08:29.053 --> 08:34.121 Masu kin yaki saboda dalilan ruhaniya daga Ukraine har zuwa yanzu suna cikin aminci a doka a Jamus: 08:34.121 --> 08:40.353 Kamar dukkan 'yan ƙasar Ukraine, a halin yanzu har yanzu suna da izinin zama na jin kai na wucin gadi, wanda 08:40.353 --> 08:44.638 zai ci gaba da kasancewa ingantacce har zuwa Maris 2026. 08:44.638 --> 08:51.600 Duk da haka, gwamnatin Ukraine na ƙara matsin lamba kan gwamnatin Jamus don mika maza da suka dace da hidimar soja. 08:51.600 --> 08:58.176 Idan ana maganar "ƙin bin ikon gwamnati", mika mutum ba shi da wata matsala. 08:58.176 --> 09:04.297 – Hukuncin Kotun Tarayya ta Adalci a ranar 16 ga Janairu 2025 kan mayar da 'yan Ukraine masu kin 09:04.297 --> 09:08.369 yin soja bisa dalilan tunani ya janyo cece-kuce. 09:08.369 --> 09:11.689 Wannan ba zai iya zama mai faɗi fiye da haka ba: 09:11.689 --> 09:17.993 A cewar lauya René Boyke, wanda ya yi aiki a Ofishin Tarayya na Kuddura da 'Yan Gudun Hijira na tsawon 09:17.993 --> 09:24.062 shekaru bakwai, Kotun Kolin Tarayya ta tauye mutuncin ɗan adam kuma ta yi kurakurai da dama. 09:24.062 --> 09:27.520 Kotun Tarayya ta Shari'a ta bayyana ra'ayi kamar haka: 09:27.520 --> 09:36.629 Idan mutum da ake tsarewa a shari'ar mika shi ya ƙi yin aikin soja saboda tunaninsa, dole ne a mika shi idan ƙasar da ke neman 09:36.629 --> 09:42.051 mika shi aka kai mata hari da makamai a keta dokar ƙasa da ƙasa. 09:42.051 --> 09:50.117 Idan aka yi la'akari da cewa matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar sojan gaba a gabashin Ukraine awanni huɗu ne kawai – kamar 09:50.117 --> 09:58.115 yadda tsohon sojan ruwa na Amurka ya shaida wa ABC News a watan Fabrairu 2023 – ana takura hakkin ɗan adam. 09:58.115 --> 10:02.969 Sojan Ruwa na Amurka ya yi yaƙi tare da sojojin Ukraine a Bakhmut. 10:02.969 --> 10:08.125 A cewar Boyke, wannan hukunci na Kotun Tarayya ta Adalci yana da tasiri mai zurfi – musamman ga 'yan Jamus. 10:08.125 --> 10:15.753 "Ko da yake hukuncin ya shafi mika wani ɗan Ukraine, karanta hukuncin ya nuna a fili cewa a zahiri yana 10:15.753 --> 10:23.945 ta'allaka ne kan tambayar ko 'yan Jamus suna da hakkin kauce wa hidimar soja a lokacin yaki." 10:23.945 --> 10:31.532 Kuma Kotun Tarayya ta Shari'a ta ƙi amsa wannan tambayar, tana bayyana hakan cikin rudani lokacin da ta ce 'dakatar da 10:31.532 --> 10:35.957 haƙƙin kin soji bisa dalilan san-rai ba abin mamaki ba ne'. 10:35.957 --> 10:44.463 Wannan wata alama ce da Kotun Kolin Shari'a ke tura ta da wannan! (...) Wannan a fili yana shimfida hanya ga ci gaban nan gaba. 10:44.463 --> 10:46.592 Boyke ya kammala: 10:46.592 --> 10:53.164 "Mu kasance masu gaskiya: idan aka yi yaƙi, ba za a sami haƙƙin ƙin soji bisa dalilan tunani a Jamus ba. (...) 10:53.164 --> 10:57.448 Ko da yake Kotun Tarayya ta Shari'a tana bayyana ra'ayinta ne kawai a cikin yanayin tunani game da wannan 10:57.448 --> 11:00.088 batu, duk da haka tana da matuƙar bayyananne. (...) 11:00.088 --> 11:06.601 Kowa da kowa da yake son ganin zai iya ganin cewa Turai na shirin babban yaki. 11:06.601 --> 11:11.770 Saboda haka, dole ne a ɗauka cewa ƙasashe masu tsarin mulkin dimokuraɗiyya kamar Jamus da ƙasashen Tarayyar 11:11.770 --> 11:17.197 Turai za su tabbatar da kasancewarsu mulkin kama-karya da ke mulki da ƙarfin ƙarfe a lokacin yaki. 11:17.197 --> 11:20.830 Ana matuƙar raunana hakkin kin yin soji bisa ƙima ta zuciya. 11:20.830 --> 11:26.054 – Da gangan, domin kin yaki saboda ra'ayin zuciya yana hana masu son yaki samun nasara. 11:26.054 --> 11:34.097 Ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyoyin al'umma wadda ke nuna goyon baya ga duk mutanen da ke adawa da yaƙi ta wallafa kira a Ranar 11:34.097 --> 11:38.864 Duniya ta Masu Kin Yaƙi Saboda Sanin Zuciya ta wannan shekara: 11:38.864 --> 11:42.062 Hana yaƙe-yaƙe maimakon 'shirye-shirye na yaƙi' 11:42.062 --> 11:47.844 Muna ganin kin yaki saboda dalilan ruhaniya a matsayin muhimmin ginshiƙi wajen shawo kan yaƙi da haka 11:47.844 --> 11:50.880 kuma wajen kawo ƙarshen mutuwa da halakarwa a yaƙi. 11:50.880 --> 11:58.522 Muna bukatar cikakken girmamawa ga hakkin kin yaki bisa dalilan ruhaniya, ciki har da musamman a lokacin yaki. 11:58.522 --> 12:05.387 Muna bukatar kariya da mafaka ga duk 'yan gudun hijira saboda yaƙi, masu ƙin yaƙi saboda tunani da masu adawa da yaƙi. 12:05.387 --> 12:07.551 Kuna da goyon bayarmu! 12:33.577 --> 12:41.731 Tsawon shekaru da dama, yaƙe-yaƙe sun addabi ƙasar, sau da yawa a ƙarƙashin ƙarya. 12:41.731 --> 12:50.258 Nawa ne rayuka aka sanya cikin haɗari, aka tayar da su kuma aka tada su ta hanyar ƙaryar kafofin watsa labarai? 12:50.258 --> 12:58.281 Ba ma son yaƙi, mu tashi tsaye domin ya ƙare. 12:58.281 --> 13:06.277 Mutanen Turai sun ƙi wannan yaƙi, inda babu wanda zai ci nasara, sai masu hasara kawai. 13:06.277 --> 13:14.217 Ba ma son yaƙi, mu tashi tsaye har ya ƙare. 13:14.217 --> 13:21.874 Mutanen Turai sun ƙi wannan yaƙi, inda babu wanda zai yi nasara, sai masu hasara kawai. 13:38.060 --> 13:45.833 An ruɗe mutane ta rahotannin kafofin watsa labarai, ana ƙara ƙarfafa su zuwa yaki. 13:45.833 --> 13:54.283 Suna adawa da Rasha, da Sin da Iran, suna tura mutane zuwa mutuwarsu a cikin haukarsu. 13:54.283 --> 14:02.124 Ba ma son yaƙi. Mu tashi tsaye domin ya ƙare. 14:02.124 --> 14:10.257 Mutanen Turai sun ƙi wannan yaƙi, inda babu wanda zai ci nasara, sai masu hasara kawai. 14:10.257 --> 14:18.318 Ba ma son yaƙi, mu tashi tsaye har ya ƙare. 14:18.318 --> 14:27.210 Mutanen Turai sun ƙi wannan yaƙi, inda babu wanda zai yi nasara, sai masu hasara kawai. 14:27.210 --> 14:34.140 Ba za mu taba yaki ba. 14:34.140 --> 14:43.156 Ki ƙi shi har sai an sami zaman lafiya. 14:43.156 --> 14:59.129 Muna haɗa hannu tare, muna kewaye ƙasarmu gaba ɗaya da ƙauna. 14:59.129 --> 15:06.046 Ba za mu taba yaki ba. 15:06.046 --> 15:15.068 Ki ƙi shi har sai an sami zaman lafiya. 15:15.068 --> 15:30.514 Muna haɗa hannu tare, muna kewaye ƙasarmu gaba ɗaya da ƙauna.