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Nge-coronavirus, kuye kwaziswa
itekhnoloji entsha yokugonya, i-mRNA technology.

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Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba olu phuhliso lwe-mRNA
ayizizo izitofu zokugonya ngokwentsingiselo yesiqhelo.

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Abantu abafakwa ipathogen ebuthathaka nengenabungozi ekuthiwa
ivuselela inkqubo yokhuselo lomzimba, kodwa

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endaweni yoko bafakwa ikhowudi yemfuza enyanzela
iiseli zesigulana ukuba zivelise iiproteni ezintsha.

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Yiyo le nto ukugonya nge-mRNA kukwabizwa ngokuba
kukutofwa kwegene ye-mRNA okanye unyango lwegene.

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I-mRNA enikwa ngesirinji ifakwe kwisongelo
esincinci esisangqa esenziwe ngamaleko amabini e-lipid .

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Ezi nanoparticles ze-lipid, okanye ii-LNPs
ngokufutshane, zenza i-mRNA ikwazi ukungena kwiseli.

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I-Moderna ne-BioNTech ziinkampani ezimbini
zamachiza ezizabelo zazo zithengiswa kwishishini lezabelo.

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Benze iibhiliyoni zenzuzo ngexesha lobhubhane we-coronavirus.

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Nangona yayiphantsi kwemvume kwexakeka kuphela, izinto
ze-mRNA ziye zatyhilwa ebantwini ngobuninzi kumazwe

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amaninzi ukususela malunga noDisemba 2020 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

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Ishishini lamachiza lalahlekisa uluntu ngokuthi esi
siqhushumbisi segene esichasene ne-coronavirus i-SARS-CoV-2

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sikhuselekile, siyancedayo kwaye asinampawu zingalunganga.

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Amalizwi ogxeko nolumkiso ahlaziswa, acinezelwa,
ahlukunyezwa kwaye atshabalaliswa ngokwezoqoqosho.

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Ngokwahluka okukhulu, uGqr. Sabine Stebel ukhomba kwiphephancwadi
lakhe leendaba elithi "DrBine's" kwinqaku elithi "Awunakuxokisa

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kwimarike yezabelo (ngokungafaniyo nezigulana
noorhulumente)" elinomhla wesi-4 kuMeyi 2025, oko i-BioNTech

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ne-Moderna ezivumileyo kwimarike yezabelo kwiingxelo zazo.

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I-BioNTech ne-Moderna ngabavelisi beentlobo zomthamo wokugonya
we-mRNA we-coronavirus, ezizezi i-Comirnaty® ne-Spikevax®.

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Ngo-2018, iModerna yabhala oku kulandelayo kwingxelo yayo
yemarike yezabelo kubanini-zabelo bayo njengabatyali-mali:

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"Uninzi lweemveliso zethu zophando ziyilwa kwaye zisetyenziswe
njenge-LNP , nangona siye saziphucula ngakumbi

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ii-LNPs zethu, akukho siqinisekiso sokuba ii-LNPs zethu
aziyi kuba naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga."

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Iziphendlo zokhuselo lomzimba, iziphendlo zokufakwa
kwegazi, iziphendlo ze-complement, iziphendlo ze-antibody.

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Uninzi lwezi ntlobo zeziphumo
ebezingalindelekanga sele ziboniwe kwii-LNPs zangaphambili.

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Ukuba kubonwa iziganeko ezibi ezibalulekileyo okanye ezinye
iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kuzo naziphi na iimvavanyo

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zethu zeklinikhi eziqhubekayo okanye ezizayo, sinokuba nobunzima
bokufumana abathathi-nxaxheba kwiimvavanyo zethu zeklinikhi.

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okanye sinokunyanzeleka ukuba siyeke izifundo
okanye iinzame zethu zophuhliso ngokupheleleyo.

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Nokuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga azithinteli iyeza
ekufumaneni okanye ekugcineni imvume yokuthengisa,

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umlinganiselo ongathandekiyo wenzuzo nomngcipheko
unokuchaphazela ukwamkelwa kwemveliso evunyiweyo kwimarike.

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Naphi na kule mihlahlandlela inokuba nefuthe
elibi elibonakalayo kwishishini lethu, kwimeko

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yethu yezemali nakwizibono zethu zexesha elizayo.

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Ekupheleni kuka-2021, emva kokuba isitofu sokugonya se-mRNA
sifumene imvume yokuthengisa enemiqathango kwaye

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sasisele sinikwe izigidi ngezigidi zabantu, iModerna
ngokumangalisayo iphinde yaphinda iingxelo zayo zangaphambili.

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I-BioNTech ibhala into efanayo malunga
nesitofu sayo se-mRNA i-Comirnaty® kwingxelo

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yayo yemarike yezabelo ekupheleni kuka-2019:

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"Iimveliso zethu ezisacetywayo zisenokungasebenzi njengoko
bekucetyiwe, zibangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, okanye

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zibonise ezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi zibambe okanye zithintele
ukwamkelwa kwazo, zinciphise ukuthengiseka komuthi

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osele wamkelwe, okanye zikhokelele kwiziphumo ezibi
ezibalulekileyo emva kokwamkelwa kwimarike, ukuba zikhona."

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Ingxelo ye-BioNTech ka-2022 ithi: "Iimveliso esiziphuhlisa
zisenokungasebenzi kakuhle, okanye zisebenze kancinci nje, okanye

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zibe neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingathandekiyo okanye
ezingajongwanga, ubungendawo okanye ezinye

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iimpawu ezinokuthintela ukwamkelwa kwimarike
okanye zinciphise ukusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo."

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Emva kweminyaka emibini yovavanyo olubanzi kwizigidi
zezizigidi zabantu kwihlabathi jikelele, akufanelanga na ukuba

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00:04:16,697 --> 00:04:19,543
umbuzo wokusebenza kakuhle nokhuseleko ucacisiwe kudala?

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Kodwa hayi, kwanangokuphela kuka-2023, lo mbuzo
kusenokwenzeka ukuba usazakuba ungasonjululwanga,

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njengoko i-BioNTech ibhale kwingxelo yayo yonyaka:

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"Sisenokungakwazi ukubonisa ukusebenza ngokwaneleyo okanye
ukukhuseleka kwesitofu sethu se-COVID-19 ukuze sifumane

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imvume esisigxina kumazwe apho sivunyiwe khona kusetyenziso
lwexeshana okanye sifumene imvume yokuthengisa enemiqathango."

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Ingxelo yonyaka ka-2024 ye-BioNTech ithi: "Sifumene amabango
okubangela umonakalo ngenxa yomveliso ngokuchasene nesitofu

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sethu se-COVID-19 kwaye silindele ukufumana amanye amabango
okubangela umonakalo ngenxa yomveliso kwixesha elizayo."

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Ukuba asikwazi ukuzithethelela ngempumelelo kwizimangalo
zokuba iimveliso zethu kunye/okanye iimveliso esizilingayo

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zibangele umonakalo, sinokuba neembopheleleko ezinkulu.

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Ezi ngxelo zemarike yezabelo ezivela kwa-Moderna nakwa-BioNTech
ziyangqina kwakhona indlela abantu abaxhatshazwe ngayo

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ngokungekho sikweni, beqhathwe ngabom, bebaxokiswa kwaye belawulwa
ngenkohliso lishishini lamachiza, oosopolitiki kunye namajelo

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00:05:22,671 --> 00:05:26,173
eendaba, ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kule mivavanyo yezonyango.

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Nangona zombini ezi nkampani zazichaze esidlangalaleni
ukuba izitofu zokugonya ze-mRNA zinokubangela iziphumo

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ebezingalindelekanga ezibonakalayo, oku kwafihlwa eluntwini.

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Kwakukho into enye kuphela
eyayicacile ukuba ibalulekile kwaye iyagqiba:

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Ingeniso nokuba kuthini na! Nokuba
ixabiso liyintoni na, nkqu nobomi babantu!

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Njengoko ezi zizimvume ezingxamisekileyo zezitofu
zokugonya, abavelisi abanyanzelekanga nokuba

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bazihlawulele iindleko zomonakalo obangelwa zizitofu.

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Izigaba ezihambelanayo zoxanduva
zafakwa kwiikhontrakthi nabavelisi begama.

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Oku kungenxa yobume obusemthethweni bemvume zongxamiseko.

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Iilizwe ze-EU, umzekelo, zibuyekeza abavelisi
lwezitofu zokugonya i-COVID-19 ukuba zithwaliswa uxanduva

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lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifunyanwa zizigulana.

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Ngamanye amazwi, ngabantu abakhohlisiweyo
nabonzakaliswayo ekufuneka bahlawule oku ngerhafu yabo.

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Ngaba uziva ukudimazeka, umsindo okanye ezinye iimvakalelo xa
ujongene nobuqhophololo nobuxoki obunje obuchasene nabantu?

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Zibandakanye nababhali-ndaba
abaphandlayo ukuze uveze ubuxoki nobuqhophololo.

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I-Kla.tv isekelwe kumsebenzi wokuzithandela.

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Yiba yinxalenye yentshukumo yezemfundo
enkulu kunawo onke yeli xesha lethu ngoku!

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www.kla.tv/mitwirken

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Siyadinga! I-Kla.tv ifuna amavolontiya.