WEBVTT 00:01.145 --> 00:07.876 Bazara ta 2025 ba ta fara ba tukuna, amma kafofin watsa labarai sun riga sun yi gargaɗi game da 00:07.876 --> 00:11.427 guguwar zafi, fari, gobarar daji da ƙarancin ruwa. 00:11.427 --> 00:16.484 Dalilin wannan shi ne sauyin yanayi da mutane suka haifar sakamakon fitar da yawan iskar CO2. 00:16.484 --> 00:19.248 Menene gaskiyar da ke bayan irin waɗannan kanun labarai? 00:19.248 --> 00:25.466 A cikin gabatarwa mai cikakken bayani, masanin yanayi kuma mai binciken sauyin yanayi Farfesa Werner Kirstein ya yi bayani kan 00:25.466 --> 00:30.303 hujjojin da aka fi yadawa game da sauyin yanayi da mutane suka haddasa, sannan ya nuna hujjojin da 00:30.303 --> 00:33.420 ke musantawa waɗanda sau da yawa ake watsi da su. 00:33.420 --> 00:43.043 A ƙasa akwai taƙaitaccen bayanin wasu muhimman abubuwa daga laccarsa ta AZK mai taken "Politogenic Climate Change". 00:43.043 --> 00:48.393 1. Zafi da ba a taɓa gani ba? Lanƙwasar sanda hockey na ƙarya! 00:48.393 --> 00:56.356 Yanzu zan nuna muku yanayi, canje-canjen yanayi a cikin shekaru 11,000 da suka gabata. 00:56.356 --> 01:02.303 Za ka iya ganin a nan a gefen hagu cewa shekaru 10,000 ko 11,000 da suka wuce, ƙarshe babban 01:02.303 --> 01:05.984 lokacin sanyi, wanda ake kira Zamanin Kankara, ya ƙare 01:05.984 --> 01:10.560 Ya yi zafi, sai ya yi sanyi, sai ya yi zafi, sai ya yi sanyi. 01:10.560 --> 01:13.440 Don haka ya kasance yana tashi da sauka haka tun da dadewa. 01:13.440 --> 01:21.578 Kuma daga baya mun samu wani ƙaramin zamani na kankara a ƙarni na 17 da na 18, lokacin da yanayi ya sake 01:21.578 --> 01:26.454 sanyi, amma ba kamar lokacin manyan zamani na kankara ba. 01:26.454 --> 01:30.819 Kuma bayan haka, muna fita ne daga wannan ƙaramin zamanin kankara. 01:30.819 --> 01:38.381 Wannan yana nufin cewa idan muka fito daga babban ko ƙaramin zamanin kankara, dole ne yanayi ya yi ɗumi. 01:38.381 --> 01:41.133 Na ji hujjar: "Eh, amma ya fi ɗumi!" 01:41.133 --> 01:43.383 – Eh, don Allah, ya zama mai dumi ta dabi'a. 01:43.383 --> 01:46.614 Kuma a yau mun kai ga ƙarshen gaske. 01:46.614 --> 01:51.740 Kuma menene kimiyyar yanayi ta gabatar mana? Kurva mai ƙasa. 01:51.740 --> 01:57.855 Wataƙila dukanku kuna tuna lanƙwasar sandar hockey da M. Mann ya yada a wancan lokacin. 01:57.855 --> 02:01.208 Eh, yaɗa ƙarya yana da kyau, yaɗa ƙarya ne kawai. 02:01.208 --> 02:10.029 Kuma kamar yadda kake gani, yanayi ya kasance kusan daidai tun daga shekara ta 1000 har zuwa 1200, 02:10.029 --> 02:15.100 1400, 1600 da sauransu. Ba a samu sauyi mai yawa ba. 02:15.100 --> 02:18.960 Eh, za ka iya ganin ainihin lanƙwasar a sama. 02:18.960 --> 02:22.897 Don haka ana yaudare mu, kamar yadda ake cewa. 02:22.897 --> 02:27.691 2. Samfuran sauyin yanayi suna sabawa gaskiya 02:27.691 --> 02:34.175 Ina so in sake ambaton Far. Hans von Storch, wanda ke bayan sauyin yanayi kuma ke yada shi: 02:34.175 --> 02:57.628 "Muna fuskantar wani asiri" – 2013, shekaru kaɗan da suka wuce yanzu – "zazzabi bai ƙaru ba tsawon shekaru 15." 02:57.628 --> 02:59.042 Eh 02:59.042 --> 03:11.101 Idan dumamar yanayi ta dakata na wasu shekaru biyar, za a sami babbar kuskure a cikin samfura kuma dole ne a gyara hasashen. 03:11.101 --> 03:13.718 Zagaye na uku na Mauna Loa: 03:13.718 --> 03:17.376 CO2 a matsayin sanadin hauhawar zafin jiki? 03:17.376 --> 03:29.208 Babban kuskure shi ne cewa samfuran sauyin yanayi koyaushe suna ɗauka CO2. 03:29.208 --> 03:32.659 CO2 ne ke haifar da dumamar yanayi a duniya. 03:32.659 --> 03:41.353 Kuma idan muka duba wannan karkata, kaɗan a nan gefe, za ka ga cewa a zahiri zafin jiki ya ƙaru a cikin shekaru 03:41.353 --> 03:49.587 25 da suka gabata, haka kuma ƙaurin CO2 – shahararriyar karkatar Mauna Loa – dukkansu sun ƙaru. 03:49.587 --> 03:54.882 Kuma a lokacin ne duk labarin ya bayyana a cikin shekarun 1980, lokacin da mutane suka ce: 03:54.882 --> 04:05.520 Idan zazzabi ya tashi, CO2 ma yana tashi, ko akasin haka, kamar yadda kake son faɗa: CO2 yana tashi sannan zazzabi ma yana tashi. 04:05.520 --> 04:11.120 Sai dai, idan muka duba sassan kafin da bayan, za mu ga cewa a fili wannan ba gaskiya ba ne. 04:11.120 --> 04:14.980 Amma don Allah, fa yaushe kafin da bayan hakan? 04:14.980 --> 04:18.756 Anan, kafin waɗannan shekaru 25 da bayan waɗannan shekaru 25? Wannan a fili ba gaskiya ba ne. 04:18.756 --> 04:21.568 A akasin haka: lankwasoshin suna rabuwa. 04:21.568 --> 04:27.041 Matakin CO2 ya tashi, amma zafin ya ragu a wasu lokuta. 04:27.041 --> 04:34.626 4. Dangantaka ne ko sanadi? Me tsuntsayen stork ke da alaƙa da yawan haihuwa? 04:34.626 --> 04:39.751 Don haka, abin da muke buƙatar mu koya daga wannan shi ne abin da na dade ina faɗa a kowace darasin 04:39.751 --> 04:45.020 ƙididdiga ga masana ƙasa: 'Yan uwa, alaƙa ba ta nufin sanadi! 04:45.020 --> 04:47.832 Wannan babban bambanci ne! 04:52.800 --> 04:57.279 Kun sani duka, ko ba haka ba? Ina ganin ya zama sananne sosai. 04:57.279 --> 05:01.117 Wannan wani misali ne na alaƙa marar tushe. Madogara: Ofishin Kididdiga na Tarayya. 05:01.117 --> 05:06.396 Ka gani, yawan tsuntsayen stork da haihuwa a Jamus, a Sweden kuwa ya fi kyau. 05:06.396 --> 05:17.860 Kowane lokacin da tsuntsayen stork suka fi yawa a nan (wannan shi ne karkatar shuɗi), yawan haihuwa ya ƙaru. 05:17.860 --> 05:24.172 Kuma duk lokacin da yawan tsuntsayen stork ya sake raguwa saboda dalilai na muhalli, yawan haihuwa ya ragu. 05:24.172 --> 05:28.226 Don haka kowa dole ne ya kammala cewa wannan alaƙa ce ta sanadi. 05:28.226 --> 05:29.900 Eh, tabbas! 05:29.900 --> 05:41.040 Haka kuma ana iya samun irin wannan babban alaƙar ƙarya mai kyau tsakanin yawan saki a jihar Maine ta Amurka da cin margarine. 05:41.040 --> 05:42.420 Don Allah, haka lamarin yake! 05:42.420 --> 05:45.300 Za ka iya duba shi a intanet, gaskiya ne! 05:45.300 --> 05:51.180 Wato, idan aka sha margarine da yawa, rabuwar aure na ƙaruwa. 05:52.695 --> 05:55.570 Suna tsaye a wurin, cikin mamaki. 05:55.570 --> 06:00.377 Ina da wani mai kyau kuma mai annashuwa, amma har yanzu yana ɗan nuna baƙin ciki. 06:00.377 --> 06:07.720 Yawan mutuwar masu amfani da keken guragu yana da alaƙa sosai da farashin crisp ɗin dankali. 06:10.112 --> 06:14.900 Ina faɗin wannan ne don gaske in sanya wa abokan masana kimiyyar jiki wahala. 06:14.900 --> 06:20.062 Don haka idan kana son mayar da irin waɗannan alaƙa marasa tushe zuwa gaskiya a nan. 06:20.062 --> 06:23.200 5. CO2 yana amfani wa tsirrai 06:23.200 --> 06:27.800 Don haka, ninka matsin CO2 koyaushe babban batu ne. 06:27.800 --> 06:33.791 Me zai faru idan ƙimar CO2 a cikin yanayinmu ta ninka? 06:33.791 --> 06:45.301 Don haka muna da gidajen shuka, gidajen shuka na gaske. Wannan, misali, gonar ne inda 'ya'yan itace ko kayan lambu ke girma. 06:45.301 --> 06:55.980 Ni kaina na taɓa zuwa Iceland. Na ga waɗannan manyan kwantena a wajen ƙofar shiga, an rubuta CO2 a kansu. 06:55.980 --> 06:58.321 Ina mamakin abin da suke yi da CO2 a nan yanzu? 06:58.321 --> 07:03.595 Sun ce, "Za mu yi amfani da wannan don yin taki; yawan CO2 da muke turawa cikin wannan gidan dumama (gidan 07:03.595 --> 07:06.605 dumama na zafi), shi ne zai sa tsirrai su girma mafi kyau." 07:06.605 --> 07:11.712 An dade ana sanin cewa CO2 taki ne mai kyau sosai ga wasu tsirrai. 07:11.712 --> 07:15.440 6. Kankara – ƙarya! 07:15.440 --> 07:21.060 Tun da muna nan a tsaunukan Alps, a bakin tsaunukan Alps, kamar yadda za a ce, ina so in koma kan batun kankara na Alps. 07:21.060 --> 07:27.018 Ana yawan cewa kankara tana ja da baya, tana komawa baya. 07:27.018 --> 07:34.700 Idan ka kalli sosai, gaskiya ne – kodayake na wani lokaci ne kawai, na wani ɓangare. 07:34.700 --> 07:42.389 Kuma idan ka bi Farfesa Gernot Patzelt daga Jami'ar Innsbruck da bayanai da yake bayarwa, ya gano hujjoji cewa waɗannan kankara 07:42.389 --> 07:46.520 suna ci gaba da faɗaɗa kuma suna ja da baya koyaushe. […] 07:46.520 --> 07:54.698 A taƙaice: A cikin shekaru 11,000 da suka gabata, kankara sun kasance ƙanana fiye da yadda suke a yau a cikin kashi 07:54.698 --> 07:59.327 biyu bisa uku na wannan lokacin, wanda ke nuna yanayi mai ɗumi. 07:59.327 --> 08:02.774 Don haka a da ya fi zafi, kuma daga baya ya sake yin sanyi. 08:02.774 --> 08:05.780 Kuma ya sake yin dumi, kuma ya sake yin sanyi. 08:05.780 --> 08:11.560 Wannan shi ne dalilin motsin kankara mai ban mamaki. 08:11.560 --> 08:16.740 Don haka a zahiri abu ne da aka sani sosai, amma ba a wallafa shi a bainar jama'a ba. 08:16.740 --> 08:17.925 Ya gano hakan. 08:17.925 --> 08:30.620 Abin ban sha'awa, ya yi nazari kan bishiyoyi a wuraren da kankara ta ja baya yanzu, inda aka sake ganin tsofaffin bishiyoyi. 08:30.620 --> 08:38.218 Sai ya ga tsofaffin ginshiƙan itace suna bayyana a ƙarƙashin kankara masu nisawa a ƙasa. 08:38.218 --> 08:44.467 Wato, idan aka sa mu yi imani cewa kankara koyaushe tana raguwa kuma a baya ta fi zurfi, to 08:44.467 --> 08:48.240 daga ina a doron ƙasa waɗannan itatuwa suka fito? 08:48.240 --> 08:51.925 Ban taɓa ganin itace tana girma a ƙarƙashin kankara ba! 08:51.925 --> 08:53.786 Ba zai yiwu ba! 08:53.786 --> 09:00.100 Kuma wannan a zahiri hujja ce ta gwaji ta gaske, wadda ta kasance nesa sosai da kowace ka'ida. 09:00.100 --> 09:02.380 Amma kamar yadda na ce, ba za mu gano ba. 09:02.380 --> 09:06.220 7. Berayen polar don tallan sauyin yanayi? 09:06.220 --> 09:11.785 Akwai fannoni da dama na yanayi. Zan iya zaɓar wasu kaɗan don nuna muku abin da ake gaya mana da 09:11.785 --> 09:15.300 yadda kafofin watsa labarai ke yi saurin ɗaukar sa. 09:15.300 --> 09:20.285 Bera mai kankara koyaushe ya kasance alamar masu kare yanayi, kuma a nan muna ganin – 09:20.285 --> 09:23.131 an rubuta a gefen dama – cewa hoton karya ne. 09:23.131 --> 09:26.160 Shin wani ya lura cewa an girka wani abu anan? 09:26.160 --> 09:31.833 Don haka wannan kudan ruwa na polar mai kadaici ba ya cikin haɗarin bacewa, amma shi ya sa suka sa shi a kan 09:31.833 --> 09:37.320 wani yanki na kankara haka. A ɗaukar hoto, ya kamata ya yi kama da haka: Eh, muhallina yana ɓacewa yanzu. 09:37.320 --> 09:45.107 A zahiri, yawan berayen polar a Alaska da Arewacin Amurka ya tashi daga kusan 5,000 – wanda shine mafi 09:45.107 --> 09:49.947 ƙarancin adadi – zuwa 25,000 cikin shekaru 40 da suka gabata. 09:49.947 --> 09:54.580 Don haka yawan berayen polar na ƙaruwa, ba na raguwa ba! 09:54.580 --> 10:01.440 Eh, kuma me ya sa haka? Saboda an haramta farautar berayen polar. 10:01.440 --> 10:06.881 Sakamakon haka shi ne cewa, kodayake yanzu an haramta farautar berayen polar, har yanzu akwai wasu da ke ci gaba da 10:06.881 --> 10:09.751 yin hakan, duk da haka yawan berayen polar ya riga ya karu. 10:09.751 --> 10:17.745 Wannan yana nufin cewa raguwar yawan barebari na polar da aka samu a zahiri an jawo ne kawai ta hanyar harbi. […] 10:17.745 --> 10:21.162 A gefe guda, barebari masu launin polar sun kasance tun shekaru 600,000 da suka wuce. 10:21.162 --> 10:25.812 Don haka shekaru 600,000 na nufin cewa waɗannan barebari na polar sun rayu ta duk zamanin kankara, lokutan 10:25.812 --> 10:28.640 dumamar yanayi, zamanin kankara da lokutan dumamar yanayi. 10:28.640 --> 10:32.924 Sun tsira daga duk wannan, ba ta cutar da su ko kaɗan. 10:32.924 --> 10:37.248 8. Tsibiran da ke nutsewa 10:37.248 --> 10:40.918 Wani batu anan: hauhawar matakin teku a Tekun Kudanci. 10:40.918 --> 10:47.840 Tsibiran Caroline, gaskiya ne cewa wasu tsibiran suna ɓacewa. 10:47.840 --> 10:55.532 Matakin teku na ƙaruwa da sauri sosai har wasu wurare sun riga sun ji danshi a ƙafafunsu, kuma mutane 10:55.532 --> 11:00.550 suna kuka: "Canjin yanayi yana sa tsibiranmu su ɓace." 11:00.550 --> 11:02.460 Eh, menene ya faru a gaskiya? 11:02.460 --> 11:14.048 Na ga shi a ZDF, na ga shi da kaina a watan Maris 2009 – a bayyane matakin teku a Mikroneshiya yana ƙaruwa. 11:14.048 --> 11:22.771 A gaskiya, duk da haka, akwai motsi na tsayi da na tsaye tsakanin ƙananan Tsibiran Caroline da babbar Farantin Pacific. 11:22.771 --> 11:31.835 Idan ka kalli wannan taswira, wato taswirar motsin tektonik ta Duniya, za ka ga cewa ta ƙunshi faranti da yawa, manya da ƙanana. 11:31.835 --> 11:40.065 Yanzu akwai faranti da ke motsi a tsayi ko a tsaye, ko kuma su zame a ƙarƙashin juna, suna turawa daga ƙasa. 11:40.065 --> 11:48.102 Kuma abin da ZDF ya kamata ta sani shi ne cewa akwai faranti, a nan yankin Tsibiran Caroline, waɗanda ke nutsewa 11:48.102 --> 11:56.260 saboda motsin tektonics, kuma idan na tsaya a kan faranti mai nutsewa, sai ya yi kama da matakin teku na ƙaruwa. 11:56.260 --> 12:00.960 Idan ka sanya wani a nan (yana nuni da taswira) – mazaunin Farantin Caroline – ka ajiye shi a nan kuma ya tsaya 12:00.960 --> 12:06.599 a kan farantin da ke nutsewa, yana daga hannayensa yana cewa, "Don Allah, matakin ruwa na teku na ƙaruwa!" 12:06.599 --> 12:09.664 Haka ake yaudare mu. 12:09.664 --> 12:14.927 Kuma abu ɗaya – ba sai na maimaita shi yanzu ba – yana kuma shafar Tsibiran Fiji, a gefe guda. 12:14.927 --> 12:20.267 A taron sauyin yanayi da aka gudanar a Bonn kwanan nan – akwai kuma wani daga Tsibiran Fiji – wanda ya ce: 12:20.267 --> 12:23.476 "Matakin teku zai tashi a wani lokaci, sannan mu za mu tafi." 12:23.476 --> 12:28.200 Eh, ainihin haka yake a kan Farantin Ostiraliya da Farantin Pacific. 12:28.200 --> 12:34.958 Zan ce cewa tsibiran Fiji a ka'ida za su iya nutsewa cikin ruwa – don haka mutumin yana da gaskiya – 12:34.958 --> 12:38.760 idan farantin ƙasa na yankin ya ci gaba da nutsewa. 12:38.760 --> 12:44.891 Kuma ba idan dumamar yanayi ko dumamar sararin sama ya ƙaru ba, amma farantin na iya nutsewa ƙasa ƙara. 12:44.891 --> 12:50.000 Kuma kasashe masu tasowa yanzu sun gano yadda za su amfana daga canjin yanayi. 12:50.000 --> 12:54.378 Suna cewa: Ku kasashen masana'antu ne ke da laifi saboda matakan CO2 sun tashi sosai. 12:54.378 --> 13:01.255 Kuma me muke yi a ƙasashen masana'antu? Muna biyan diyya wa waɗannan ƙasashe! 13:01.255 --> 13:02.857 Shin har yanzu za ka iya fahimtar hakan? 13:02.857 --> 13:04.036 Karshe 13:04.036 --> 13:10.061 Don jawabin kammala magana, na zaɓi Sonja Margolina. 13:10.061 --> 13:14.076 A matsayin ba ƙwararre a fannin ba, tana cewa: 13:14.076 --> 13:25.420 Canjin yanayi kalma ce mai ƙarfi ta akida wadda ta ɗaga mafarkin "ceton yanayi" zuwa burin aikin siyasa da wajibi na ɗabi'a. 13:25.420 --> 13:33.405 Bai kamata a yi watsi da cewa wannan tsarin tunani yana da alaƙa da muradun da za a iya taɓawa na dimbin masu neman 13:33.405 --> 13:37.888 riba daga siyasa, al'ummar farar hula da masana'antar muhalli. 13:37.888 --> 13:43.251 Don haka, tabbas, akwai masu cin riba a nan ma, shi ya sa duk wannan ke faruwa. 13:43.251 --> 13:51.055 A cewar Farfesa Kirstein, sauyin yanayi da ake yadawa saboda CO2 don haka ba na kimiyya ba ne kuma ba na gaskiya ba ne. 13:51.055 --> 13:58.734 Wannan ra'ayi ne na akida da ke sa mutane su ji laifi domin su mika kuɗin da ake buƙata ga abin da 13:58.734 --> 14:03.060 ake kira "ayyukan kariyar yanayi" da harajin CO2. 14:03.060 --> 14:08.260 Babu wanda zai iya yin shakka cewa abubuwan yanayi masu tsanani da halakar muhalli har yanzu suna faruwa. 14:08.260 --> 14:12.629 Duk da haka, kafofin watsa labarai sun yi shiru game da yiwuwar dalilan. 14:12.629 --> 14:19.210 Kla.TV ta ruwaito fasahohi da za su iya yin tasiri mai girma kan yanayi a cikin shirye-shirye da dama. 14:19.210 --> 14:21.632 Za mu haskaka wasu daga cikinsu a ƙasa. 14:21.632 --> 14:27.665 Taimaka yada labarin game da Kla.TV a matsayin martani ga manyan kafofin watsa labarai. 14:27.665 --> 14:31.820 Wannan yana ba mutane damar samun ra'ayoyinsu na kansu.