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Ihlobo lika-2025 alikakabi, kodwa imithombo
yezindaba yayivele ixwayisa ngeziyunduzima zokushisa,

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izomiso, imililo yamahlathi nokuntuleka kwamanzi.

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Isizathu salokhu ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu
okubangelwa abantu ngenxa yokukhishwa ngokweqile kwe-CO2.

5
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Yini iqiniso elingemuva kwezihloko ezifana nalezi?

6
00:00:19,248 --> 00:00:26,091
Ekethulweni okuningiliziwe, isazi sezulu nomcwaningi wezimo
zezulu uProfesa Werner Kirstein ubhekana nezimangalo ezivame

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kakhulu zokuthi ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kubangelwa abantu
futhi ukhomba izimangalo eziphikisayo ezivame ukunganakwa.

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Ngezansi kunezinye zezihloko ezibalulekile
ezivela enkulumweni yakhe ye-AZK ethi "Ushintsho

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Lomoya Oludalwe Ezombusazwe," ezifingqiwe kafushane.

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1. Ukushisa okungakaze kube khona?
Igobile lomgodo we-hockey wobuxoki!

11
00:00:48,393 --> 00:00:56,356
Manje ngizokubonisa isimo sezulu, izinguquko
zesimo sezulu eminyakeni eyishumi nanye edlule.

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Ungabona lapha kwesobunxele kude ukuthi eminyakeni
engu-10 000 noma engu-11 000 eyedlule, isikhathi sokubanda

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esikhulu sokugcina, esaziwa nangokuthi i-Ice Age, saphothulwa

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00:01:05,984 --> 00:01:10,560
Kwaba kushisa, kwabe sekubanda futhi,
kwabe sekushisa futhi, kwabe sekubanda futhi.

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Ngakho-ke kube kukhuphuka nokwehla kanje isikhathi eside.

16
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Futhi-ke saba nenye inkathi encane yokubanda,
ngekhulu le-17/18, lapho kwaphola futhi, kodwa

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hhayi kangako njengasezikhathini ezinkulu zokubanda.

18
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Futhi ngemva kwalokho, sisanda
kuphuma kulesi sikhathi sobusika esincane.

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Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho siphuma enkathini enkulu
noma encane yokubanda, kumele ngokwemvelo kube kushisa.

20
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Ngizwe impikiswano: "Yebo, kodwa sekushisa!"

21
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– Yebo, ngiyacela, sekufudumele ngokwemvelo.

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Futhi namuhla sesifike ekugcineni ngempela.

23
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Futhi isayensi yesimo sezulu isinikeza ini? Umugqa ongaphansi.

24
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Mhlawumbe nonke niyakhumbula umugqa we-hockey
stick owawusakazwa nguM. Mann ngaleso sikhathi.

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Yebo, ipropaganda iyinhle, yayiyipropaganda nje kuphela.

26
00:02:01,208 --> 00:02:10,125
Futhi uyabona, isimo sezulu sahlala sizinzile
kusukela ngonyaka ka-1000 kuqhubeke, kuze kufike ku-1200,

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1400, 1600, njll. Akuzange kushintshe lutho olukhulu.

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Yebo, ungabona umugqa wangempela ngenhla.

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Ngakho-ke siholelwa endleleni engalungile, uma ngithi kanjalo.

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2. Amamodeli wesimo sezulu ayaphikisana neqiniso

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Ngithanda ukucaphuna futhi uProf. Hans von Storch,
ongemuva kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu futhi okukushisekela:

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"Sibhekene nembungulu" – ngo-2013, kwakuyiminyaka embalwa edlule
manje – "izinga lokushisa alikhuphukanga iminyaka engu-15."

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Yebo

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Uma ukufudumala komhlaba kungamisa eminye
iminyaka emihlanu, kuzoba nephutha eliyisisekelo

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kumamodeli futhi izibikezelo kuzodingeka zilungiswe.

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Ikhavu yesithathu yeMauna Loa:

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I-CO2 iyimbangela yokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa?

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Iphutha eliyisisekelo ukuthi
amamodeli wesimo sezulu ahlale ethatha i-CO2.

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I-CO2 iyona ebangela ukufudumala komhlaba.

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Futhi uma sibheka lo mgijimi, kancane lapha, ungabona ukuthi
izinga lokushisa empeleni lenyuke eminyakeni engu-25

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edlule, futhi nokugxila kwe-CO2 nakho kuye kwakhuphuka –
lo mgijimi odumile waseMauna Loa – womabili ayenyuke.

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Futhi yilapho konke indaba kwavela khona
ngeminyaka yama-1980, lapho abantu bathi:

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Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-CO2 nayo iyakhuphuka,
noma ngokuphambene nalokho, njengoba wawufuna ukusho:

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i-CO2 iyakhuphuka bese izinga lokushisa nalo likhuphuka.

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Nokho, uma sibheka izigaba ngaphambi nangemva,
singabona ngokusobala ukuthi lokhu akuseyona iqiniso.

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Kodwa-ke, ngicela, kwenzekani ngaleso
sikhathi ngaphambi nangemva kwalokho?

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Lapha, ngaphambi kwale minyaka engu-25 nangemva kwale
minyaka engu-25? Lokho ngokusobala akulona iqiniso.

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Ngokuphambene nalokho: imigqa egobile iyahlukana.

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Amanani e-CO2 enyuke, kodwa izinga
lokushisa lehle ngezikhathi ezithile.

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4. Ukuhambisana noma imbangela? Yini
enxulumene nezinyoni ze-stork nezinga lokuzalwa?

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Ngakho-ke, lokho esidinga ukukufunda kulokhu kuwukuthi
ngihlale ngikushilo kuzo zonke izifundo zezibalo kubacwaningi

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bezemephu: bantu, ukuhambisana akusho ukuthi kunesizathu!

53
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Lona umehluko omkhulu kakhulu!

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00:04:52,800 --> 00:04:57,279
Nonke niyazi, akunjalo? Ngicabanga ukuthi sekuyaziwa kakhulu.

55
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Lesi esinye isibonelo sokuxhumana
okungamanga. Umthombo: Ihhovisi Lezibalo Likahulumeni.

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Uyabona, inani lama-stork nokuzalwa
eJalimane, eSweden kuyinhle kakhulu.

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Noma nini lapho kwakukhona izinyoni ze-stork eziningi lapha
(umugqa oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), inani lokuzalwa lenyuka.

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Futhi noma nini lapho inani lama-stork lehla futhi
ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo, izinga lokuzalwa lehla.

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Ngakho-ke wonke umuntu kumele afinyelele
esiphethweni sokuthi lokhu kuyubudlelwano obubangela.

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Yebo, ngempela!

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Ukuhlotshaniswa okungamanga okuphezulu okufanayo
kungatholakala futhi phakathi kwezinga lokuhlukana komshado

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esifundazweni sase-US iMaine nokusetshenziswa kwemargarine.

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Ngiyacela, kunjalo nje!

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Ungakubheka ku-inthanethi, kuyiqiniso!

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Ngamanye amazwi, lapho kudliwa imajarini
eningi, izihlukaniso zomshado ziyanda.

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Bema lapho bemangele.

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00:05:55,570 --> 00:06:00,377
Ngine enye enhle, ekhuthazayo, kodwa esabukeka idabukile kancane.

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Inani lokufa kwabasebenzisa izihlalo zamasondo
lihambisana kakhulu nenani lamakhwapho ombona.

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Ngisho lokhu ngempela ukuze ngibangele
abanye ososayensi bezifiziksi ubunzima.

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Ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukuguqula la
mabanga angamanga abe yiqiniso lapha.

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5. I-CO2 iluncedo ezitshalweni

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Ngakho-ke, ukuphindeka kabili
kokugxila kwe-CO2 kube yinkinga enkulu njalo.

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Kwenzekani uma umthamo we-CO2 emkhathini wethu uphindeka kabili?

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Ngakho-ke sinama-greenhouse, ama-greenhouse
angempela. Lokhu, isibonelo, kuyindawo

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yokutshala lapho izithelo noma imifino zikhula khona.

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00:06:45,301 --> 00:06:55,980
Ngangike ngaya e-Iceland ngokwami. Ngabona lezi ziqukathi
ezinkulu ngaphandle komnyango, kubhalwe ukuthi CO2 kuzo.

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Ngiyazibuza ukuthi manje benza ini nge-CO2 lapha?

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Bathi, "Sizosebenzisa lokhu ukufafaza;
okwengeziwe kwe-CO2 esiyipompayo kule greenhouse

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00:07:03,417 --> 00:07:06,605
(i-greenhouse eshisayo), izitshalo zikhula kangcono."

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Sekuyaziwa isikhathi eside ukuthi i-CO2
iyisivuno esihle kakhulu kwezinye izitshalo.

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6. Iglasiari – engamanga!

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00:07:15,440 --> 00:07:21,060
Njengoba sikhona lapha e-Alps, emngceleni we-Alps,
ngokuthi, ngithanda ukubuyela esihlokweni samaqhwa ase-Alps.

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00:07:21,060 --> 00:07:27,018
Kuhlala kushiwo ukuthi amaqhwa ayahoxa, ukuthi ayahamba emuva.

84
00:07:27,018 --> 00:07:34,700
Uma ubheka ngokucophelela, lokho kuyiqiniso –
nakuba kuphela isikhathi esithile, isikhathi esithile.

85
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Futhi uma ulandela uProfesa Gernot Patzelt waseNyuvesi
yase-Innsbruck nezincazelo zakhe, uthole ubufakazi

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bokuthi lezi ziglasi ziyaqhubeka nokunyuka nokwehla. […]

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00:07:46,520 --> 00:07:55,006
Ngokufingqa: Eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanye edlule,
amaqhwa ayengancane kunalawa namuhla cishe izingxenye ezimbili

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kwezintathu zaleso sikhathi, okubonisa izimo zezulu ezishisayo.

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Ngakho bekushisa ngaphambilini, futhi kwaphinde kwabanda futhi.

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00:08:02,774 --> 00:08:05,780
Futhi kwaphinde kwaba kushisa, futhi kwaphinde kwaba kubanda.

91
00:08:05,780 --> 00:08:11,560
Lena yimbangela yokunyakaza okumangazayo kwamaglasiers.

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00:08:11,560 --> 00:08:16,740
Ngakho-ke empeleni kuwumcimbi
owaziwayo kahle, kodwa awukhangiswa.

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00:08:16,740 --> 00:08:17,925
Wathola lokho.

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00:08:17,925 --> 00:08:26,346
Okuthakazelisayo, wahlola izihlahla
ezindaweni lapho i-glacier isithathe khona emuva manje,

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kwavela izihlahla ezindala eziphinde zavela.

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Wabe esebona iziqu zezihlahla ezindala
zivela ngaphansi kweqhwa elisahamba kude phansi.

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Okusho ukuthi, uma siphonswa ukukholwa ukuthi amaqhwa
ayehlala ehoxa njalo futhi ayehlanzekile kakhulu

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esikhathini esidlule, khona-ke le mithi yavela kuphi emhlabeni?

99
00:08:48,240 --> 00:08:51,925
Angikaze ngibone isihlahla sikhula ngaphansi kweqhwa!

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Akungeneki!

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Futhi lokho empeleni kuwubufakazi bokuhlola
sangempela, okude kakhulu kunoma iyiphi ithiyori.

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Kodwa njengoba ngishilo, ngeke sazi.

103
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7. Izimbungulu zasemzantsi
kwesibhakabhaka zokwazisa ngesimo sezulu?

104
00:09:06,220 --> 00:09:11,813
Kunezici eziningi zemozulu. Ngingakhetha
ezimbalwa ukuze ngikubonise ukuthi sithiwa yini

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nokuthi imithombo yezindaba iyasabela kanjani.

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00:09:15,300 --> 00:09:20,349
Ibhere eqhwa ibisoloko iyisibonakaliso
sabashisekeli bemozulu, futhi lapha sibona – kubhalwe

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kwesokudla – ukuthi lesi sithombe siwumbumbulu.

108
00:09:23,131 --> 00:09:26,160
Ngabe kukhona owazile ukuthi okuthile kufakwe lapha?

109
00:09:26,160 --> 00:09:32,070
Ngakho-ke le bear yomkhovu eyodwa ayisengozini yokuphela, kodwa
yilokho abamfaka ngakho phezu kweqhuqhuva leqhwa

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kanjalo. Ngokwezithombe, kumele ibukeke kanje:
Yebo, indawo yami yokuhlala isiyanyamalala manje. […]

111
00:09:37,320 --> 00:09:45,247
Empeleni, inani lama-polar bear e-Alaska naseNyakatho
Melika lenyuke lisuka cishe ku-5 000 – okuyiyona nani

112
00:09:45,247 --> 00:09:49,947
eliphansi kakhulu – laya ku-25 000 eminyakeni engu-40 edlule.

113
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Ngakho-ke inani lama-polar bear liyanda, hhayi liyehla!

114
00:09:54,580 --> 00:10:01,440
Yebo, futhi kungani lokho? Ngoba
ukuzingela amabhere e-polar kuvinjiwe.

115
00:10:01,440 --> 00:10:06,941
Umphumela walokhu wukuthi nakuba ukuzingela
amabhere aqhwa manje sekuvinjelwe, kusekhona abaqhubeka

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00:10:06,941 --> 00:10:09,751
nokuwenza, kodwa inani lamabhere aqhwa selikhula.

117
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Lokho kusho ukuthi ukwehla kwenani lama-polar
bear empeleni kwakubangelwa kuphela ukudubula. […]

118
00:10:17,745 --> 00:10:21,162
Ngokungeziwe, amabhere asePolar ase ekhona iminyaka engu-600,000.

119
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Ngakho-ke iminyaka engu-600 000 kusho ukuthi laba bhabhiyane
basePolar baphile kuzo zonke izinkathi zeqhwa, izikhathi

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zokufudumala, izinkathi zeqhwa nezikhathi zokufudumala.

121
00:10:28,640 --> 00:10:32,924
Basindile kukho konke lokho, akuzange kubalimaze nhlobo.

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8. Izizinda ezishelelayo

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Enye indaba lapha: ukukhuphuka
kwezinga lolwandle eManzini aseNingizimu.

124
00:10:40,918 --> 00:10:47,840
Eziqhingini zaseCaroline, kuyiqiniso
ukuthi ezinye iziqhingi ziyanyamalala.

125
00:10:47,840 --> 00:10:54,298
Izinga lolwandle liyakhuphuka ngokushesha kangangokuthi ezinye
izindawo sezithola amanzi ezinyaweni, futhi

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abantu bakhalaza bathi: "Uguquko lwemvelo
lubangela ukuthi iziqhingi zethu zinyamalale."

127
00:11:00,550 --> 00:11:02,460
Yebo, kwenzekeni ngempela?

128
00:11:02,460 --> 00:11:14,048
Ngazibonela e-ZDF, ngazibonela mathupha ngoMashi 2009 –
kubonakala sengathi izinga lolwandle eMicronesia liyakhuphuka.

129
00:11:14,048 --> 00:11:19,722
Eqinisweni, nokho, kunokunyakaza okubheke
ngokuhamba kwesikhathi nangokuphakama phakathi kweziqhingi

130
00:11:19,722 --> 00:11:22,771
ezincane zaseCaroline neplathi enkulu yasePacific.

131
00:11:22,771 --> 00:11:28,103
Uma ubheka leli mephu, leli mephu yokuhamba
kwamapulethi eMhlabeni, ungabona ukuthi

132
00:11:28,103 --> 00:11:31,835
liqukethe amapulethi amaningi, amakhulu namancane.

133
00:11:31,835 --> 00:11:36,578
Manje kunezicucu zomhlaba ezihamba ngokubheka
ubude noma ngokuphakama, noma ezislayida

134
00:11:36,578 --> 00:11:40,065
ngaphansi komunye nomunye, zicindezela ngaphansi.

135
00:11:40,065 --> 00:11:47,853
Futhi okwakufanele i-ZDF yazi ukuthi kukhona amapleyithi, lapha
endaweni yaseZiqhingi zaseCaroline, agxumayo ngenxa

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00:11:47,853 --> 00:11:56,260
yokunyakaza kwemigqa yomhlaba, futhi lapho ngimi epleyithini
eligxumayo, kubonakala sengathi izinga lolwandle liyakhuphuka.

137
00:11:56,260 --> 00:12:01,123
Uma ubeka umuntu lapho (ekhomba emephini) – umhlali wePlathi
yaseCaroline – umbeka lapho futhi emi eplathini

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00:12:01,123 --> 00:12:06,599
elicwilayo, ephakamisa izandla zakhe ethi,
"Ngenxa kaNkulunkulu, izinga lolwandle liyakhuphuka!"

139
00:12:06,599 --> 00:12:09,664
Ngalendlela siyakhohliswa.

140
00:12:09,664 --> 00:12:14,927
Futhi into efanayo – angidingi ukuyiphinda manje –
nayo isebenza naseziqhingini zaseFiji, ngendlela.

141
00:12:14,927 --> 00:12:20,308
Engqungqutheleni yesimo sezulu eBonn manje nje –
kwakukhona nomuntu ovela eziqhingini zaseFiji – othe: "Izinga

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lolwandle lizokhuphuka ngesinye isikhathi, bese sesingasekho."

143
00:12:23,476 --> 00:12:28,200
Yebo, kufana ngqo ePlateni
lase-Australia nasePlateni lasePacific.

144
00:12:28,200 --> 00:12:35,075
Ngingathi amaqhingi aseFiji angagcwala
amanzi ngokomqondo – ngakho-ke indoda ilungile

145
00:12:35,075 --> 00:12:38,760
– uma ipuleti lendawo liqhubeka nokwehla.

146
00:12:38,760 --> 00:12:44,891
Futhi hhayi uma ukufudumala komhlaba noma ukufudumala
komkhathi kukhula, kodwa ipuleti lingase liwe ngisho kakhulu.

147
00:12:44,891 --> 00:12:50,000
Futhi amazwe asathuthuka manje aseyaqonda ukuthi
angazuza kanjani ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu.

148
00:12:50,000 --> 00:12:54,378
Bathi: Nina amazwe athuthukile kwezimboni
niyizimbangela yokunyuka kwamazinga e-CO2 aphakeme kangaka.

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Futhi senzeni emazweni athuthukile
embonini? Sikhokhela lezi zizwe imbuyiselo!

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Usaqonda lokho?

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Isiphetho

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Ezinkulumweni zami zokuvala, ngikhethe uSonja Margolina.

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Njengomuntu ongakabi uchwepheshe kulo mkhakha, uthi:

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Uguquko lwemvelo liyigama elinamandla kwezombono
eliphakamisele i-utopia ethi 'ukusindisa isimo sezulu'

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njengomgomo wezenzo zezepolitiki nesibopho sokuziphatha.

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Akufanele kunganakwa ukuthi lolu hlobo lokucabanga luxhumene
nezintshisekelo ezibonakalayo zabazenzeli abaningi abazuza

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kwezombusazwe, emphakathini wezakhamuzi kanye nase-eko-imboni.

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Ngakho-ke, impela, kukhona nabazenzeli inzuzo
lapha futhi, yingakho konke lokhu kwenzeka.

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NgokukaProfesa Kirstein, ukuguquka kwesimo
sezulu okusabalaliswayo okubangelwa yi-CO2 ngakho-ke

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akuyona isayensi futhi akuyona into yangempela.

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Umqondo wezombono owenza abantu bazizwe benecala
ukuze banikele ngemali edingekayo kwimigomo

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ekuthiwa iyizivikelo zezulu kanye nezintela ze-CO2.

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Akekho ongabaza ukuthi izimo zezulu ezimbi
kakhulu nokubhujiswa kwemvelo kusekhona.

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Nokho, abezindaba bathule ngezimbangela ezingaba khona.

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I-Kla.TV ibike ngobuchwepheshe obungaba nomthelela
omkhulu esimweni sezulu ezinhlelweni zayo eziningi.

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Sizogqamisa ezinye zazo ngezansi.

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Siza ukusabalalisa ilizwi nge-Kla.TV
njengempikiswano nemithombo yezindaba ejwayelekile.

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Lokhu kunika abantu ithuba lokwakha imibono yabo.