WEBVTT 00:00.554 --> 00:06.406 A ranar 1 ga Maris 2020, abin da ake kira Dokar Kare Cutar Tsuntsun-tsuntsu ta fara aiki a Jamus. 00:06.406 --> 00:11.437 A matsayin wani ɓangare na wajibcin gabatar da shaida ta kariya daga cizon sauro, iyaye na da zaɓi 00:11.437 --> 00:15.078 na halartar ganawa da hukumar lafiya mai dacewa. 00:15.078 --> 00:22.179 Waɗannan ganawar shawarwari na nufin shawo kan iyaye game da muhimmancin abin da ake kira allurar rigakafin tarin fuka. 00:22.179 --> 00:28.800 Bayanan kamar "Allurar rigakafi za ta cutar da ɗanka ƙasa da yadda zai cutu idan ya kamu da mura", "Mura ta kasance tana 00:28.800 --> 00:36.029 raguwa tun bayan gabatar da allurar rigakafi", "Ɗanka ba zai kamu da mura ba saboda kowa ya riga ya yi rigakafi", "Allurar rigakafi 00:36.029 --> 00:40.719 na taimakawa samun kariyar gungu [(=garkuwar taro: al'umma tana (galibi) samun kariya 00:40.719 --> 00:45.002 daga cutar da ke yaduwa.)!" da "Duk kimiyya ce!" 00:45.002 --> 00:50.215 A cikin gabatarwarsa ta yanzu mai cike da bayanai, Dr. Gerd Reuther ya karyata da dama daga cikin ikirarin da ake kira 00:50.215 --> 00:56.478 masu ba da shawara kan rigakafin zazzabin cizon sauro, kuma ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa cututtukan yara suke da muhimmanci. 00:56.478 --> 01:05.392 "Tashin ƙurjewa, kamar sauran cututtukan yara, yana nufin cewa yawancin cututtuka ba sa yaduwa sosai daga baya a rayuwa." 01:05.392 --> 01:13.111 Wannan yana nufin cewa, gabaɗaya, wucewa ta cikin cututtukan yara yana taimakawa wajen kare lafiya. 01:13.111 --> 01:22.860 Don haka tabbas ne cewa, misali, yawan yage-yage da yin fitsari a gado na iya ɓacewa a cikin yara da zarar sun kamu da mura. 01:22.860 --> 01:34.189 Yanzu akwai rahotanni cewa cututtuka 32 na dogon lokaci suna inganta ko kuma su ɓace bayan kamuwa da cizon ƙurjewa. 01:34.189 --> 01:41.857 Tsawon shekaru da dama, Asibitin Yara na Basel ya yi gangan haifar da kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka-fuka a cikin marasa lafiya 01:41.857 --> 01:48.465 masu cutar nephrotic syndrome, wato cutar koda, saboda an sani cewa bayan kamuwa da tarin fuka-fuka, cutar 01:48.465 --> 01:56.650 nephrotic syndrome tana bacewa ba tare da wani magani ba, abin da ake iya gwadawa tsawon shekaru kafin haka. 01:56.650 --> 02:04.345 Ciwon multiple sclerosis a ƙarshen rayuwa ma ba a yawan samun sa sosai a mutanen da suka taba kamuwa da cututtukan 02:04.345 --> 02:12.760 yara kamar masassara fiye da waɗanda ba su taba kamuwa da su ba ko waɗanda aka yi musu rigakafi. 02:12.760 --> 02:19.603 Kuma mun kuma san daga kasashen da ke tasowa cewa yara a can ba sa yawan kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta na tsutsa da zazzabin 02:19.603 --> 02:23.747 cizon sauro idan sun taba kamuwa da mura mai tsanani a yarinta. 02:23.747 --> 02:26.416 Iyaye ba sa taɓa jin hakan! 02:26.416 --> 02:32.791 Ka ɗauki lokaci ka kalli gabatarwar Dr Gerd Reuther gaba ɗaya, sannan ka sanar da iyaye, 02:32.791 --> 02:39.025 hukumar lafiyarka, likitoci ko 'yan siyasa a yankinka. 02:39.025 --> 02:41.994 Na gode da gabatarwar. 02:41.994 --> 02:46.666 Eh, ana yaudare mu ta hanyoyi da dama, kamar yadda ka ce: 02:46.666 --> 02:51.605 Ana yaudare mu a tarihi, a tarihin likitanci, amma kuma ana yaudare mu akai-akai game 02:51.605 --> 02:54.517 da gaskiyoyi da suka shafi likitancin yanzu. 02:54.517 --> 03:02.783 Waɗanda har yanzu ba sa son gaskata shi sun ga aƙalla game da Corona cewa ba za a iya dogaro da bayanan hukuma ba. 03:02.783 --> 03:10.236 Kuma wannan ya kasance gaskiya tun daɗe game da duk abin da ake faɗa kan batun rigakafi. 03:10.236 --> 03:22.715 Kuma shi ya sa nake son yin magana a yau game da rigakafin tarin fuka da cutar tarin fuka, wadda aka mayar da ita alamar gargaɗi, 03:22.715 --> 03:34.721 kamar dai tarin fuka cuta ce mai matuƙar tsanani wadda sau da yawa ke haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani har ma da mutuwa. 03:34.721 --> 03:44.136 Kuma... – Kaɗan kawai, ina buƙatar canzawa zuwa gabatarwa har sai wannan ya tafi, eh, to shikenan. 03:44.136 --> 03:57.492 Don haka, tun daga farko, eh – ...inda, tabbas, wani yanayi ne da a farko yake da ɗan ban tsoro ga kowa saboda alamun fata. 03:57.492 --> 04:02.780 A bayyane yake cewa wani yana rashin lafiya idan zazzabi ya yi yawa. 04:02.780 --> 04:12.240 Amma a zahiri yana farawa ne da bayanai marasa tabbas kwata-kwata da kafofin watsa labarai ke yadawa, kuma abin takaici, hukumomin 04:12.240 --> 04:17.055 gwamnati ma, ciki har da Ƙungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya. 04:17.055 --> 04:25.225 Kwanan nan, WHO ta fitar da wata sanarwa tana cewa lamarin ya yi matukar ban tsoro, wato barkewar cutar 04:25.225 --> 04:32.804 dundumba a kasashe daban-daban na duniya ta karu daga 36 zuwa 57, karuwa da kashi 50 cikin ɗari. 04:32.804 --> 04:42.265 Kuma a duniya za a samu lamuran taru miliyan 10.3, tare da mutuwar mutane 107,500. 04:42.265 --> 04:51.068 Ya isa ya sa ka ɗan rikice, domin RKI na ci gaba da yada wani adadi – wanda za mu koma akai daga baya – wanda kuma ba daidai 04:51.068 --> 04:55.805 ba ne: mutum ɗaya ne ke mutuwa a kowane lamari 1,000 na mura. 04:55.805 --> 05:04.180 Amma idan ka yi lissafi, hakan zai kasance mutuwa ɗaya a cikin kowane lamura 100 na mura. Ta yaya hakan zai yiwu? 05:04.180 --> 05:10.359 Kuma duk labarin ya zama mafi ban sha'awa idan ka duba sabbin muhimman bayanai daga WHO. 05:10.359 --> 05:16.742 A cikin shekaru 25 da suka gabata, allurar rigakafi ta ceci rayukan mutane miliyan sittin. 05:16.742 --> 05:26.344 Idan ka ce, misali, mutuwar mutane 100,000 a kowace shekara, tsawon shekaru 25, hakan zai kai mutuwar mutane miliyan 2.5. 05:26.344 --> 05:31.103 Kuma ta yaya allurar rigakafi za ta iya ceton rayukan miliyan sittin? 05:31.103 --> 05:33.820 Don haka, a fili ne cewa wani abu ba daidai ba. 05:33.820 --> 05:43.799 Kuma idan ka ɗauki wahalar karanta wallafar WHO mai cikakken bayani, za ka ga cewa WHO ba ta dogara ga 05:43.799 --> 05:52.687 bayanan lura ba, amma a cikin wannan wallafa ta bayyana cewa bayanan lura ba su wadatar ba. 05:52.687 --> 06:06.383 Don haka suka karɓi bayanan da kansu kuma suka yi kwaikwayo da shi ta hanyar wani shirin kwamfuta mai suna Measles CFR. 06:06.383 --> 06:15.437 Kuma wannan shirin a fili ya samu ba mutuwa ɗaya cikin 1,000 ba, sai mutuwa ɗaya cikin 100. Da kuma wasu ƙarin zato kaɗan. 06:15.437 --> 06:23.736 A kowane hali, jimillar adadin mutanen da aka ruwaito sun kamu da mura a nan ba daidai ba kwata-kwata. 06:23.736 --> 06:29.292 Kuma hakan ma yana aiki, idan muka kalli shi a wani ƙananan mataki, ga Turai. 06:29.292 --> 06:37.447 Ta haka, watakila ya kamata a sake bayyana cewa Turai ba ita ce Turai ga Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya 06:37.447 --> 06:41.519 ba, sai dai Turai ce ta ƙasashen yammacin duniya. 06:41.519 --> 06:49.298 Ya haɗa da Greenland, Turai ta faɗaɗa har zuwa tashar Bering, komai har zuwa Vladivostok, kuma za ka iya 06:49.298 --> 06:57.152 ganin ƙaramar Isra'ila, wadda a zahiri ba ta da alaƙa da Turai, amma an haɗa ta cikin yankin Turai. 06:57.152 --> 07:06.006 Don haka, idan ka karanta kanun labarai irin su "Babban karuwar yawan cutar dundumba a Turai," watakila an 07:06.006 --> 07:11.240 samu wasu ƙarin lamura a Isra'ila ko wani ƙaramin ƙasa. 07:11.240 --> 07:17.792 Amma hakan zai kasance "Turai", ba kasashen Tarayyar Turai ba. 07:17.792 --> 07:20.255 Amma menene ainihin abin da ke faruwa a Tarayyar Turai? 07:20.255 --> 07:28.118 A shekarar 2023, an samu lamuran tarin fuka-fuka 2,361 a kasashe 30 na Tarayyar Turai. 07:28.118 --> 07:33.585 Yawan faruwar lamari 5.2 a kowane miliyan mazauna. 07:33.585 --> 07:39.330 Don haka a gaskiya ba cuta ce da ake yawan gani ba, sai dai, kamar yadda muka sani a 07:39.330 --> 07:43.410 fannin likitanci, cuta ce da ba a saba gani ba. 07:43.410 --> 07:50.034 Musamman idan ka duba shi idan aka kwatanta da ma'anar da Tarayyar Turai ta kafa don cututtuka 07:50.034 --> 07:54.183 masu wuya samu domin amfanin masana'antar magunguna. 07:54.183 --> 07:58.720 Bayan komai, masana'antar magunguna ce ta bukaci shekaru kaɗan da suka wuce cewa ita ce ta zama mai ɗaukar 07:58.720 --> 08:01.410 alhakin magunguna na cututtuka masu wuya samu tun farko. 08:01.410 --> 08:08.488 Kana buƙatar sharuɗɗa na musamman, sannan sai ka nemi ma'ana – menene cuta mai wuya samu? 08:08.488 --> 08:17.772 Cutar da ba a saba gani ba a Tarayyar Turai ita ce wadda ke shafar mutane ba fiye da biyar cikin dubu goma ba. 08:17.772 --> 08:21.074 Mu duba tarin fuka-fuka. 08:21.074 --> 08:29.899 Cututtukan taru zai ci gaba da kasancewa cuta mai wuya a samu a Turai, ko da kuwa a Jamus ba mu samu kimanin 08:29.899 --> 08:37.180 lamura 50 zuwa 500 a kowace shekara ba, amma muna da lamura 41,500 na cututtukan taru. 08:37.180 --> 08:40.120 Ko da haka, har yanzu za ta kasance cuta mai wuya a samu. 08:40.120 --> 08:48.380 Wannan yana nufin cewa a zahiri cutar tarin fuka-fuki tana da matuƙar ƙaranci. 08:48.380 --> 08:53.160 Kuma waɗannan su ne adadi da muke da su yanzu, daga 2001 zuwa 2018. 08:53.160 --> 09:00.097 Za ka iya ganinsa a fili a hagu: a shekarar 2001 akwai shari'u 6,000, a shekarar 2008 kuwa akwai 500. 09:00.097 --> 09:08.738 Kuma yanzu, a shekarar 2020, lokacin da aka fara tilasta yin rigakafi, an samu lamura 50. 09:08.738 --> 09:14.339 Don haka hakan na nufin muna magana ne game da ƙananan lokuta kaɗan a nan. 09:14.339 --> 09:22.136 Kuma abin sha'awa ne cewa yanzu, a shekarar 2020, an samu shari'u 50 na tilastaccen allurar rigakafi... – wanda a zahiri 09:22.136 --> 09:26.035 shine mafi dacewar kalma, domin ba ya kamata a ce wajibi ba. 09:26.035 --> 09:29.433 Yana ɗan kama da cika wani wajibci. Wani tilas ne. 09:29.433 --> 09:34.488 Amma a cewar doka, abin da a zahiri ake nufi anan shi ne tilastawa yin rigakafi. 09:34.488 --> 09:43.011 Inda dole ne a ce cewa wannan ci gaba shi kaɗai a cikin shekaru ashirin da suka gabata ya nuna inda buƙatar gaskiya ta kasance. 09:43.011 --> 09:52.742 Canjin da ya fi birgewa a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata shi ne raguwar daga 6,000 zuwa 766 09:52.742 --> 09:57.949 tsakanin 2001 da 2003. Kuma me ya faru a can? 09:57.949 --> 10:03.027 Adadin masu yin rigakafi bai canza ba. Babu wani tilastawa don yin rigakafi. 10:03.027 --> 10:10.769 A'a, abin da ya faru shi ne an gabatar da wajibcin rahoton lamuran taru, wanda a kallo na farko ya yi kama da ba shi da ma'ana. 10:10.769 --> 10:19.796 Wannan yana nufin idan na tilasta wa likitoci su ba da rahoton cutar taru ga hukumomin lafiya, adadin lamuran zai 10:19.796 --> 10:25.089 ragu zuwa kashi goma cikin ɗari. Ta yaya hakan zai yiwu? 10:25.089 --> 10:31.527 A ganina, bayanin kawai shi ne cewa watakila waɗannan su ne ainihin lambobi. 10:31.527 --> 10:38.964 Amma adadin da aka ambata a baya, wato 6,000 har ma da fiye a shekarun 1990, bai taɓa kasancewa daidai ba. 10:38.964 --> 10:49.149 A fili an ƙirƙire su, domin ta yaya za a iya bayyana cewa da zarar an hukunta likitoci saboda ba su ba jami'an 10:49.149 --> 10:55.505 lafiya rahoton cutar ba, adadin lamuran ya ragu kwatsam? 10:55.505 --> 11:04.667 Ba zai yiwu hakan gaskiya ba. Don haka, kamar yadda muka gani a wasu lokuta, dole ne mu ɗauka cewa Cibiyar Robert 11:04.667 --> 11:11.240 Koch ta ƙirƙiri waɗannan lambobin tsawon shekaru da dama. 11:11.240 --> 11:15.931 Tun lokacin da aka fara aiwatar da buƙatar bayar da rahoto, wani sabon lamari ya bayyana wanda ba a nuna shi a 11:15.931 --> 11:20.480 cikin waɗannan ƙididdiga ba, wato matsakaicin shekarun masu kamuwa da mura mai tsanani yana ƙaruwa. 11:20.480 --> 11:27.164 A yau, rabin dukkan cututtukan taru suna faruwa ne ga mutane masu shekaru sama da 20. 11:27.164 --> 11:34.359 Wannan yana nufin wani abu ya canza. Kuma dole ne a ɗauka cewa akwai alaƙar sanadi da alluran rigakafi. 11:34.359 --> 11:39.546 Tsawon ƙarni, masassara ba cuta ce da ke shafar manya ba. 11:39.546 --> 11:43.554 Waɗannan lamura ne masu matuƙar ƙaranci. A maimakon haka, matsala ce ta farko. 11:43.554 --> 11:47.812 Idan hakan ba haka yake ba yanzu, to lallai akwai wani abu da ke tasiri. 11:47.812 --> 11:56.248 Kuma abu ɗaya tilo da zai iya zama sanadi a halin yanzu shi ne aiwatar da rigakafi. 11:56.248 --> 12:01.437 A kowane hali, duk yanayin haka ne cewa cutar tana da matuƙar wuya a samu. 12:01.437 --> 12:10.133 Kuma idan ka ƙididdige cewa matsakaicin likita yana da jimillar kusan hulɗa da marasa lafiya 200,000 a cikin shekaru 30 na 12:10.133 --> 12:20.011 aiki, to likita na yau da kullum zai yi aiki na tsawon shekaru 150 kafin ya ga wata ɗaya kawai na cutar tarin fuka-fuka. 12:20.011 --> 12:24.875 Duk da haka, ana fassara wannan a matsayin "haɗarin lafiya na musamman". 12:24.875 --> 12:33.297 Wannan abin ban tsoro ne, domin Dokar Kariya daga Cuta ta bayyana cewa barazanar yaduwa ita ce: cuta mai yaduwa wadda, 12:33.297 --> 12:42.312 saboda tsananin yadda take ci gaba a asibiti da yadda take yaduwa, za ta iya zama babban haɗari ga jama'a gaba ɗaya. 12:42.312 --> 12:50.900 Tambayar ita ce, ta yaya za a iya yin wannan ga wata cuta da ta yi matuƙar ƙaranci, kuma, a cewar bayanan 12:50.900 --> 12:57.156 hukuma, kusan ba ta taba yin tsanani ko haifar da mutuwa ba? 12:57.156 --> 13:04.556 A gaskiya hakan ba zai yiwu ba. Amma an yi amfani da wannan sashe na Dokar Kariya daga Cuta don kare amfani da matsin lamba 13:04.556 --> 13:08.960 na kaikaice wajen tilasta yin rigakafin cizon sauro a Jamus. 13:08.960 --> 13:16.589 Ba kowa ne abin ya shafa ba. Kamar yadda nake gani a nan a kan na'urorin kallo, mafi yawansu an haife su kafin 13:16.589 --> 13:21.265 1971, a ce, don haka suna amfana da alherin haihuwa da wuri. 13:21.265 --> 13:24.882 Za a ɗauka cewa wani zai sami kariya. 13:24.882 --> 13:32.961 Duk da haka, duk wanda aka haifa bayan 31 ga Disamba, 1970 dole ne ya gabatar da shaida cewa ya taba kamuwa da mura ko 13:32.961 --> 13:37.234 kuma da in ba haka ba za a yi masa allurar rigakafin mura. 13:37.234 --> 13:44.595 Wannan ya shafi yara a cibiyoyin kula da jarirai da makarantu, ma'aikatan wuraren al'umma, waɗanda aka haifa a 13:44.595 --> 13:49.125 shekarar 1971 ko kafin, da duk ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya. 13:49.125 --> 13:59.822 Saboda ana ɗauka, ko aƙalla an nuna, cewa akwai haɗari na musamman mai yawa na mura a waɗannan wuraren jama'a. 13:59.822 --> 14:03.726 Kuma dole ne ka duba ko hakan ya yi dacewa kwata-kwata. 14:03.726 --> 14:11.754 A cewar bayanai daga Majalisar Tarayya a shekarar 2020, jimillar mutane miliyan 11 a Jamus dole ne su tabbatar 14:11.754 --> 14:18.654 da cewa suna da kariya daga cutar dige-dige ta hanyar rashin lafiya ko allurar rigakafi. 14:18.654 --> 14:24.933 Gaskiyar cewa tabbatar da kariya ga cutar ƙwayar cuta lamari ne mai ɗan ɓoye, wata labari 14:24.933 --> 14:29.457 ce daban, wadda za mu tattauna kaɗan daga baya. 14:29.457 --> 14:40.668 Amma mu duba wannan: tsakanin 2014 da 2018, an samu barkewar cutar tarin fuka-fuka 430 tare da lamuran cutar tarin fuka-fuka 14:40.668 --> 14:48.534 3,178, inda kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu kacal suka faru a waɗannan cibiyoyin al'umma inda ake 14:48.534 --> 14:53.598 buƙatar ma'aikata su gabatar da shaida ta kariya. 14:53.598 --> 15:01.473 Sauran kashi 75 cikin ɗari na lamura sun faru ne a wurare inda har yanzu ba a tilasta yin rigakafi. 15:01.473 --> 15:10.783 Wannan kuma yana nuna cewa abin da ake aiwatarwa a nan ta hannun abin da ake kira kwamitocin kwararru na Robert Koch 15:10.783 --> 15:17.579 Institute, STIKO da hukumomin lafiya ba shi da tushe na hankali. 15:17.579 --> 15:21.141 Matsalar gabaɗaya watakila an riga an sani. 15:21.141 --> 15:27.430 An saba samun tarin fuka-fuki sosai a da. Waɗannan su ne mutanen da suka mutu daga tarin fuka-fuki a nan. 15:27.430 --> 15:32.927 Shi ya sa nake ambaton adadin mutuwar ba adadin jimillar lamura ba, domin, kamar yadda na bayyana a baya, an 15:32.927 --> 15:35.991 fara wajabta bayar da rahoto ne kawai a shekarar 2001. 15:35.991 --> 15:42.368 A da babu buƙatar yin rahoto. Wannan yana nufin cewa ainihin adadin lamura kafin wannan ba a san shi da tabbas ba. 15:42.368 --> 15:52.243 Domin, a baya-bayan lokaci, abu ne gama-gari ga mutane da yawa da suka kamu da mura ba su ma ganin likita. 15:52.243 --> 15:56.094 Da na kamu da mura a lokacin ina yaro, ni ma ina gida. 15:56.094 --> 16:02.397 Wannan ita ce ganewar mahaifiya, ta ce, "Yanzu za ka kwanta a gado na 'yan kwanaki, sai 16:02.397 --> 16:05.438 ka tashi idan ka warke." Kuma haka kawai ne. 16:05.438 --> 16:09.407 Tabbas, hakan ba ya bayyana a cikin kididdiga. Shi ya sa ake samun mutuwa. 16:09.407 --> 16:19.396 Amma ya bayyana cewa a cikin shekarun 1960, an yi zargin mutuwa tsakanin 100 da 200 daga cutar dundin-dundin. 16:19.396 --> 16:25.580 Na ce a cewar wasu saboda ba a tabbatar da sanadi ba. 16:25.580 --> 16:34.099 Kuma lokacin da aka fara gabatar da rigakafin tarin fuka-fuka a shekarar 1974, sannan a 1976 aka ƙara ƙarfafa 16:34.099 --> 16:41.404 kamfen na kawar da tarin fuka-fuka, waɗannan adadi sun riga sun ragu sosai zuwa ƙasa da 40. 16:41.404 --> 16:49.622 Wannan yana nufin cewa yanayin raguwar yawan lamuran taru da mutuwar masu taru ya riga ya fara ne kafin hakan. 16:49.622 --> 16:55.271 Babu wata alaƙa ta sanadi kwata-kwata tsakanin waɗannan alluran rigakafi da hakan. 16:55.271 --> 16:58.396 Amma akwai wani abu mai ban sha'awa game da kididdiga. 16:58.396 --> 17:04.669 Ka sake tunani game da wannan bayanin daga RKI: mutum ɗaya ne ke mutuwa a kowane dubu na lamura. 17:04.669 --> 17:14.130 A cikin shekarun 1960 da 1970, kafin a fara yin rigakafin tarin fuka, mun sami haihuwa 800,000. 17:14.130 --> 17:26.370 Wannan yana nufin cewa daga cikin waɗannan haihuwa 800,000, idan an yi wa dukansu rigakafi ko kuma idan ƙimar mutuwar mura ta 17:26.370 --> 17:38.638 kasance 0.1%, to tabbas yara da yawa sun kamata su mutu daga mura, domin mura cuta ce da yara da yawa ke kamuwa da ita. 17:38.638 --> 17:45.474 Kuma ba zai yiwu adadin mutuwar 50, 100 ko 150 ya kasance ƙanana sosai ba, idan ɗaya cikin kowane 17:45.474 --> 17:49.240 ɗari na yara da suka kamu da tarin fuka sun mutu. 17:49.240 --> 17:56.735 Don haka a nan ma muna sake ganin ana wasa da lambobi cikin 'yanci sosai, wato adadin ɗaya cikin 1,000, wanda ba za a 17:56.735 --> 18:04.896 iya tabbatar da shi ga kasashen masana'antu ba bisa ga dukkan bayanan da aka tattara a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata. 18:04.896 --> 18:12.309 Kuma Kotun Tsarin Mulki ta Tarayya ta ɗauki rabo ɗaya cikin dubu goma a cikin hukuncinta. 18:12.309 --> 18:20.215 Aƙalla a cikin 'yan shekarun baya-bayan nan daga 2018 zuwa 2024, adadin lamuran mura, ciki har da mutuwar da 18:20.215 --> 18:28.135 lahani na dindindin, inda mura ke gefen hagu da rubella ke gefen dama, su ne ƙididdigar hukuma daga RKI. 18:28.135 --> 18:34.865 Don haka ka gani, cikin shekaru shida, babu wani mutuwar mutane, babu wani lahani na dindindin. 18:34.865 --> 18:42.116 Don haka wannan ba cuta ce da za ta iya zama barazana ga jama'a gaba ɗaya. 18:42.116 --> 18:47.625 Wannan yana nufin cewa ba za a iya samo aiwatar da tanadin sarrafa kamuwa da cuta da aka 18:47.625 --> 18:52.043 nuna a baya daga cikin lambobi gaba ɗaya ba. 18:52.043 --> 19:02.715 Idan muka koma baya, daga cikin lamuran tarin fuka 7,092, an ruwaito cewa mutuwa uku ne suka faru sakamakon tarin fuka. 19:02.715 --> 19:09.629 Amma tabbas, tambayar ita ce, shin da gaske taru ne ya jawo? 19:09.629 --> 19:17.437 Zan iya ikirarin hakan ne kawai idan taru ya ci gaba da kansa kuma wani ya mutu ba tare 19:17.437 --> 19:21.590 da wani tasiri daga waje ta hanyar magani ba. 19:21.590 --> 19:29.942 Zan iya cewa, eh, a fili, taru ne ke kashe mutane. 19:29.942 --> 19:36.395 Amma da zarar na yi magani kuma na yi magani tare da haɗari, to tabbas ya bambanta. 19:36.395 --> 19:45.065 Sai kullum ina da yiwuwar cewa wani na iya mutuwa daga cutar da ke a asali, amma kuma daga magani. 19:45.065 --> 19:54.325 Kuma ana kuma amfani da magunguna masu tsanani, har ma a cutar dundumba, idan lafiyar yaron ta ci gaba da tabarbarewa. 19:54.325 --> 20:01.387 Ka yi tunanin yadda muka samu hakan a Amurka, inda suka ce wani ya mutu saboda tarin fuka-fuka da yara suka yi. 20:01.387 --> 20:06.817 Eh, ana ba irin wannan yaro iskar ta'aziyya. Ya bayyana cewa rashin lafiyar ya yi kama da wani abu daban kwata-kwata. 20:06.817 --> 20:14.343 Amma idan ina ba wani numfashi ta na'ura, hakan na nufin ina sa shi barci da magungunan opioids, ina sanyaya shi, watakila ina 20:14.343 --> 20:21.535 ba shi remdesivir – wato wasu magungunan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta da ba a san su sosai ba, waɗanda ke da mummunan illa – to dai. 20:21.535 --> 20:23.607 Amma ba sai na je har can ba. 20:23.607 --> 20:31.457 To, a yau ana yawan yin hakan, musamman a asibitoci, don saurin rage ko da dan zazzabi. 20:31.457 --> 20:36.980 Kuma musamman idan zazzabi ya ƙaru sosai saboda cizon ƙurjewa, ana amfani da magungunan rage zazzabi. 20:36.980 --> 20:44.905 Ba tare da bandejin ƙugu ko tsohuwar aspirin ba, amma a yau, ko ga yara ma, ana ɗaukar matakai 20:44.905 --> 20:50.123 masu ƙarfi, wato diclofenac ko ibuprofen, misali. 20:50.123 --> 20:57.374 Kuma a nan, daga cikin Arzneimittel-Telegramm (Sakon Magunguna), za ka iya karanta a cikin takardun bayani na kunshi cewa waɗannan 20:57.374 --> 21:02.505 sinadarai biyu, waɗanda ake amfani da su wajen rage zazzabi, na iya haifar da ciwon kai, jin 21:02.505 --> 21:06.277 ƙaiƙayi, amai har ma da meningitis mara kwayoyin cuta. 21:06.277 --> 21:16.874 Wato, mura ta ƙwaƙwalwa ana ɗaukar ta a matsayin mummunan matsala mai halaka ko sanadin tsananta cutar ƙurjiya, wadda 21:16.874 --> 21:22.864 ke kaiwa ga mura ta ƙwaƙwalwa sannan ga kumburin ƙwaƙwalwa. 21:22.864 --> 21:26.668 Kuma wannan yana yiwuwa ne ta hanyar waɗannan magunguna kaɗai, misali. 21:26.668 --> 21:36.504 Kuma ban san ko da wata hanya guda ɗaya ba inda, a lokacin mutuwa, aka yi ƙoƙarin bambance ko tasirin magani sun taka rawa. 21:36.504 --> 21:43.731 Wannan na atomatik ne; an bayyana cewa tarin fuka ya kashe wani. 21:43.731 --> 21:49.423 Kuma a ƙarshe, watakila za a gano cewa babu wanda ya taɓa mutuwa saboda mura. 21:49.423 --> 21:58.064 Akwai wasu 'yan bincike da suka bayyana a fili cewa ba tare da rage zazzabi ba, jiki na iya jimrewa sosai 21:58.064 --> 22:02.368 da yadda cutar ke tafiya ta dabi'a, aƙalla ga yara. 22:02.368 --> 22:12.095 Kuma wannan zazzabi mai ƙarfi a ƙarshen rashin lafiya yana da matuƙar muhimmanci don kawo warkewa mai ƙarfi. 22:12.095 --> 22:19.743 Kuma ina kuma son ambaton Farfesa na Jami'a Graninger, wanda wasu daga cikinku, idan kuna 'yan Ostiriya, za ku iya sani. 22:19.743 --> 22:27.055 Farishen Graninger, wanda, a gefe guda, har yanzu yana raye a yau, tsohon abokin aiki a AKH a Vienna, wanda 22:27.055 --> 22:33.299 ya kasance fitaccen masanin kamuwa da cuta a duniya na tsawon shekaru 30, ya ce a lokacin: 22:33.299 --> 22:37.900 Mutane a yau ba sa iya yin zazzabi yadda ya kamata – wannan shi ne abin damuwa. 22:37.900 --> 22:43.678 Ikon samar da zafi na ciki shine tsohon tsarin kariya namu mafi tsufa dangane da ci gaban halitta. 22:43.678 --> 22:53.251 Kuma yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ga ci gaban cututtuka da kuma tsira daga su cewa a zahiri zazzabi zai iya faruwa. 22:53.251 --> 23:03.314 Kuma haka lamarin yake. Graninger ba shi da alaƙa da maganin gargajiya, sai dai likita ne ƙwararre na zamani wanda ya 23:03.314 --> 23:13.071 faɗi haka, amma a matsayinsa na ɗan tsohuwar ƙarni, ya gane cewa rage zazzabi na iya yi wa mutum lahani sosai. 23:13.071 --> 23:19.764 Kuma idan ka haɗa wannan da magunguna kamar diclofenac ko ibuprofen, za ka iya haifar da lahani 23:19.764 --> 23:23.884 ninki biyu, wanda har ma zai iya kaiwa ga mutuwa. 23:23.884 --> 23:32.017 Kuma idan muka duba haɗarin tsakanin cutar ƙurjewa da allurar rigakafin ƙurjewa bisa ga ƙididdigar hukuma, 23:32.017 --> 23:39.384 za mu ga cewa muna mu'amala da ra'ayi mara ma'ana kwata-kwata na tilastawa yin rigakafi. 23:39.384 --> 23:43.489 Muna da akwati 50 zuwa 100 a kowace shekara a Jamus. 23:43.489 --> 23:46.634 Ana iya raba Ostiriya da goma koyaushe. 23:46.634 --> 23:53.516 Rabin waɗannan lamura yanzu suna cikin yara, wato daga 25 zuwa 250 lamuran yara. 23:53.516 --> 23:59.032 Sannan za mu iya samun mutuwa ɗaya a cikin kowane lamura 5,000 zuwa 10,000. 23:59.032 --> 24:05.482 Wannan ne abin da ƙididdiga ke nuna a zahiri idan waɗannan mutuwar, waɗanda watakila maganin ya 24:05.482 --> 24:09.246 jawo, har yanzu ana kiransu mutuwar tarin fuka. 24:09.246 --> 24:15.762 Wannan yana nufin cewa, dangane da yawan da ake samu a kowace shekara, za mu sami 24:15.762 --> 24:21.540 mutuwar yaro guda duk bayan shekaru 10 zuwa 200. 24:21.540 --> 24:29.529 To, yaya game da rigakafin tarin fuka? Ko masu lobi na rigakafi sun amince cewa dole ne a sami mutum ɗaya zuwa biyu da 24:29.529 --> 24:33.548 ke mutuwa a kowace shekara sakamakon rigakafin tarin fuka. 24:33.548 --> 24:39.532 Wannan kusan miliyan ɗaya na alluran rigakafi ne da ake yi a Jamus. 24:39.532 --> 24:45.860 Kuma aƙalla abin da ake faɗa game da kowace allurar rigakafi shi ne mutuwa ɗaya a kowane miliyan allurai. 24:45.860 --> 24:55.326 Mutum ɗaya zuwa biyu ne suka mutu, bisa ga bayanan hukuma na RKI, da kuma bayanan hukuma na RKI: ana samun mummunan 24:55.326 --> 25:00.537 illa 100 a kowace shekara, ciki har da lalacewa madawwami. 25:00.537 --> 25:08.976 Wannan abin da za a iya tsammani ne. Idan aka kwatanta da mutuwar yaro guda ɗaya a kowane shekaru 10 zuwa 200. 25:08.976 --> 25:17.186 Don haka, idan aka yi la'akari da fa'idodi da rashin fa'idodi, babu wani ƙwararren likita mai ɗaukar alhaki, ko kuma kowane ɗan 25:17.186 --> 25:23.005 siyasa mai ɗaukar alhaki, da zai taɓa yanke shawara daidai a cikin tunaninsa ya goyi bayan 25:23.005 --> 25:28.184 yin rigakafi, kuma tabbas ba wajabta rigakafi ba. 25:28.184 --> 25:34.950 Domin kuwa abin ya fi muni: tarin fuka yana ba ka kariya ga jiki har abada. 25:34.950 --> 25:41.036 Wannan yana nufin cewa duk wanda ya taba kamuwa da mura ba zai sake kamuwa da ita ba. 25:41.036 --> 25:47.594 Yana kama da cizon ƙurajen fata. Duk wanda ya taba kamuwa da cizon ƙurajen fata ba zai sake kamuwa da shi ba. 25:47.594 --> 25:50.472 Amma abubuwa sun bambanta bayan yin rigakafi. 25:50.472 --> 25:58.203 Babu allurar rigakafi guda ɗaya; idan mutum ya gaskata tasirin rigakafi kwata-kwata, babu ɗayansu da ke da hujjar 25:58.203 --> 26:02.995 kimiyya domin ba a gwada su da ingantattun binciken placebo ba. 26:02.995 --> 26:16.176 Sai ma masu fafutukar allurar rigakafi dole su yarda cewa allurar rigakafi tana haifar da 26:16.176 --> 26:23.332 ƙananan matakan antibodi fiye da samun cutar. 26:23.332 --> 26:26.917 Kuma, tabbas, cututtuka na iya sake faruwa. 26:26.917 --> 26:35.504 Kuma yanzu mun fahimci cewa al'umma da aka yi mata rigakafi tsawon shekaru ko shekaru da dama tana da 26:35.504 --> 26:43.667 ƙarancin garkuwar jiki fiye da al'umma inda mafi yawan mutane ke da garkuwar jiki ta halitta. 26:43.667 --> 26:50.495 Tabbas! Saboda kariya ta jiki ba ta cika ba, a mafi kyau, idan har an samu ta. 26:50.495 --> 26:56.715 Uwaye da aka yi wa rigakafi suna da ƙananan matakan antibodi, don haka suna mika ƙananan 26:56.715 --> 27:00.542 antibodi ga 'ya'yansu a matsayin kariya tun farko. 27:00.542 --> 27:09.618 Wannan yana nufin cewa, bisa ga waɗannan hujjoji, waɗanda Cibiyar Robert Koch ma ta tabbatar da su, a fili yake 27:09.618 --> 27:17.087 cewa ba zan iya rage ko ma kawar da masassara, ko wasu cututtuka, ta hanyar rigakafi ba. 27:17.087 --> 27:27.202 A akasin haka, idan ina da yawan rigakafi ko ma tilastaccen rigakafi, ina haifar da sabbin lamura akai-akai waɗanda ba za 27:27.202 --> 27:37.592 su iya faruwa a cikin al'umma da ke yawan kamuwa da wannan cuta ba, domin in ba haka ba garkuwar jiki ta halitta za ta taso. 27:37.592 --> 27:41.444 Kuma za a iya gano hakan ta matakan waɗannan antibodi. 27:41.444 --> 27:47.764 Kuma waɗannan matakan antibody, tabbas, kamar yadda ake cewa, wani ɗan yaudara ne, wanda kuma yana da muhimmanci a sani. 27:47.764 --> 27:55.994 Domin, kamar yadda na fada a farko, idan wani bai so a yi masa allurar rigakafi bisa wannan buƙatar rigakafi a 27:55.994 --> 28:04.794 Jamus ba, zai iya yin gwajin antijini don nuna cewa yana da isassun antijini kuma ba ya buƙatar yin rigakafi. 28:04.794 --> 28:12.577 Amma menene waɗannan antibodi ke nuna? Mun san cewa da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen IgG ELISA, ko mutum da ya taba kamuwa da mura har ma 28:12.577 --> 28:18.791 yana da matakan antibodi ƙasa sosai, don haka bisa ga sakamakon gwajin, zai zama dole a yi masa allurar 28:18.791 --> 28:23.395 rigakafi, duk da cewa an tabbatar ya taba kamuwa da mura. 28:23.395 --> 28:28.936 Wannan yana nufin cewa mun riga mun ga cewa duka ba shi da ma'ana sosai. 28:28.936 --> 28:35.874 Kuma ya bayyana sosai, domin a cewar bayanin hukuma, muna magana ne akan "cutar ƙwayar cuta" a nan. 28:35.874 --> 28:42.819 Kuma cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta ana yaki da su ne da farko ta hanyar garkuwar ƙwayoyin, ba ta hanyar antibodi ba. 28:42.819 --> 28:48.143 Kuma idan na auna antibodi, wanda hakan ma ba shi da ma'ana game da coronavirus, to ban 28:48.143 --> 28:51.203 sami wata bayanai game da garkuwar jiki ba. 28:51.203 --> 29:00.303 Amma a halin yanzu, tare da wannan matsin lamba na kaikaice don yin rigakafi a Jamus, ana buƙatar hujjar kariya ga waɗanda 29:00.303 --> 29:04.953 abin ya shafa, ko da ba a taɓa kiran hakan ba har zuwa yanzu. 29:04.953 --> 29:12.414 Amma wannan daidai shi ne abin da dokar annoba ke yi mana barazana da shi nan gaba, ga dukkan nau'ikan cututtuka. 29:12.414 --> 29:18.923 Mu ne masu laifi, kuma idan akwai shakka, dole ne mu tabbatar da cewa ba mu dauke da cuta. 29:18.923 --> 29:25.700 Kuma tun da ba sa yarda da mu a matsayin 'yan ƙasa, suna cewa, eh, muna yarda ne kawai da gwaje-gwajen da muke yi. 29:25.700 --> 29:30.624 Duk da haka, babu wani gwaji da zai iya tabbatar da kariya ga kowace cuta. Yana da 29:30.624 --> 29:35.347 muhimmanci a kasance koyaushe da wannan sani. 29:35.347 --> 29:45.269 Amma mun san fiye da haka: ba wai kariya daga sake kamuwa da mura ce kawai ke da tasiri 100 cikin 100 ba idan ka taba kamuwa da 29:45.269 --> 29:55.153 mura, har ma mura, kamar sauran cututtukan yara, na nufin cewa da yawa daga cikin cututtuka ba sa yawaita a rayuwa ta gaba. 29:55.153 --> 30:02.861 Wannan yana nufin cewa, gabaɗaya, wucewa ta cikin cututtukan yara yana taimakawa wajen kare lafiya. 30:02.861 --> 30:12.601 Don haka tabbas ne cewa, misali, yawan yatsa da yin fitsari a gado na iya ɓacewa a cikin yara da zarar sun kamu da mura. 30:12.601 --> 30:23.951 Yanzu akwai rahotanni cewa cututtuka 32 na dogon lokaci suna inganta ko kuma su ɓace bayan kamuwa da cizon ƙurjiya. 30:23.951 --> 30:32.196 Shekaru da dama, Asibitin Yara na Basel ya yi gangan haifar da kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka-fuka a majinyata masu cutar nephrotic 30:32.196 --> 30:39.273 syndrome, wato cutar koda, saboda an san cewa bayan kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka-fuka, cutar nephrotic syndrome 30:39.273 --> 30:46.405 za ta tafi ba tare da wani magani ba, abin da watakila aka yi ƙoƙarin yi tsawon shekaru kafin haka. 30:46.405 --> 30:53.904 Ciwon multiple sclerosis a ƙarshen rayuwa ma ba a yawan samun sa sosai a mutanen da suka taba kamuwa da cututtukan 30:53.904 --> 31:02.520 yara kamar tarin fuka-fuka fiye da waɗanda ba su taɓa kamuwa da su ba ko waɗanda aka yi musu rigakafi. 31:02.520 --> 31:09.784 Kuma mun kuma san daga Kasashen Duniya na Uku cewa yara a can ba sa yawan kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta na tsutsa da zazzabin 31:09.784 --> 31:13.387 cizon sauro idan sun taba kamuwa da mura mai tsutsa a yarinta. 31:13.387 --> 31:15.874 Don haka wannan muhimmin batu ne. 31:15.874 --> 31:24.926 Domin idan ka tilasta wa wani ya kamu da cuta ta halitta, kamar tarin fuka-fuka, wadda aka tabbatar tana ba da 31:24.926 --> 31:32.962 fa'idodi da dama ga lafiya daga baya a rayuwa, to hakan ma take ne ga 'yancin zabin rayuwarsu. 31:32.962 --> 31:39.205 Wannan yana cewa, eh, watakila za mu hana ka kamuwa da mura ta hanyar allurar rigakafi, amma ba a tabbatar ba. 31:39.205 --> 31:43.366 Yanzu mun san cewa aƙalla kashi 30 cikin ɗari na cutar tarin fuka-fuka yana cikin mutanen da 31:43.366 --> 31:46.102 aka yi musu rigakafi, kuma adadinsu na ƙaruwa. 31:46.102 --> 31:51.557 Kuma dole ne mu ce cewa ba a samu waɗannan fa'idodin lafiya ba ta hanyar kamuwa da cutar 31:51.557 --> 31:55.608 taru ta halitta bayan allurar rigakafin taru. 31:55.608 --> 32:02.755 Sannan dole ne a kimanta fa'idodi da rashin fa'idodi, kuma ina ganin kusan babu wanda zai yanke shawarar yin rigakafi, amma a 32:02.755 --> 32:08.073 wannan yanayin ba zai kasance batun zaɓi ba, sai dai tilasta musu yin hakan, ko da yake akwai 32:08.073 --> 32:13.073 rashin fa'idodi na zahiri ga mutumin da abin ya shafa. 32:13.073 --> 32:24.673 Kuma kamar yadda na ambata a baya, yanzu da muka ga raguwar cututtukan yara kamar taru, muna fuskantar karuwa, wanda Cibiyar 32:24.673 --> 32:33.410 Robert Koch ko WHO ke ɗauka nan take a matsayin kiran yin aiki, suna cewa, eh, yanzu muna da sabbin 32:33.410 --> 32:38.908 barkewar cututtuka, don haka muna buƙatar yin rigakafi yanzu. 32:38.908 --> 32:44.852 Wannan, tabbas, martani ne gaba ɗaya ba daidai ba. Maimakon haka, waɗannan barkewar cututtuka da muke gani 32:44.852 --> 32:48.703 yanzu ba za a iya kaucewa ba ne, kamar yadda na faɗa a baya. 32:48.703 --> 32:59.978 Da yawan mutane da suka fi yawa ba sa kamuwa da mura ta dabi'a kuma ana ƙara yi masu rigakafi, dole ne kariya 32:59.978 --> 33:05.908 daga mura ta ragu. Kuma da haka, mura na sake yawaita. 33:05.908 --> 33:12.284 Kuma a nan ba zai iya zama dalilin da ya sa a ɗauki taru a matsayin cuta da ke buƙatar rigakafi ba. 33:12.284 --> 33:16.392 Don haka muna da sabon cuta mai yaduwa, wanda kuma ya shafi sauran cututtuka. 33:16.392 --> 33:19.452 Sa'an nan muna yi wa wannan allurar rigakafi amfani da kwayar cuta da aka raunana. 33:19.452 --> 33:23.366 Koyaushe yana ba da kariya marar cikakken. 33:23.366 --> 33:31.943 Amma idan kwayar cuta ce da aka raunana, har yanzu ita ce kwayar cuta a cewar likitancin 33:31.943 --> 33:37.255 gargajiya kuma tabbas za ta iya haddasa cuta. 33:37.255 --> 33:48.011 Kuma gaskiyar ita ce babu ko ina a duniya da ake ware mutum na tsawon kwanaki 10 ko 14 bayan karɓar allurar rigakafi. 33:48.011 --> 33:55.715 Bayan yin rigakafi, ana sakin su nan take cikin al'ummar mutane, don haka ya bayyana cewa waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta da aka 33:55.715 --> 33:59.080 raunana za a iya watsa su cikin dabi'a zuwa ga wasu mutane. 33:59.080 --> 34:05.734 Wannan yana nufin cewa tare da kowace allurar rigakafi, haɗarin yaduwar cutar ta hanyar halitta yana ƙaruwa sake. 34:05.734 --> 34:11.690 Wannan yana nufin za mu sami sabbin kamuwa da cuta saboda muna yada kwayoyin cuta da aka raunana kuma 34:11.690 --> 34:17.839 saboda muna ba da kariyar garkuwar jiki mafi rauni fiye da yadda cutar ta dabi'a ke bayarwa. 34:17.839 --> 34:25.133 Sannan ku ƙara ƙarfafa yunkurin rigakafi, kuma idan kun yi haka, za a samu ƙarin cututtukan kamuwa da cuta. 34:25.133 --> 34:30.989 Kuma wannan ne abin da muka sake gani a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata a wasu kasashe da 34:30.989 --> 34:34.764 ke da yawan alluran rigakafi na cututtukan yara. 34:34.764 --> 34:40.937 Ga misali, a nan za ka iya ganin yawan cutar dundumba a yankin Turai. Waɗannan su ne rahotannin lamuran, 34:40.937 --> 34:47.462 sandunan ja. Kuma za ka ga layin shuɗi a saman, wanda ke nuna lokacin da aka yi allurar kashi ɗaya kawai. 34:47.462 --> 34:55.054 An yi wannan sau da yawa na tsawon lokaci, kuma ba a saba ba da allurar na biyu; an fi amincewa 34:55.054 --> 34:59.378 da shi ne kawai a cikin shekaru 25 da suka gabata. 34:59.378 --> 35:06.308 Kamar yadda za ku gani, yawan allurar na biyu yanzu ya wuce kashi 90 cikin ɗari. 35:06.308 --> 35:12.826 Amma shin hakan ya sa cututtukan suka zama ba su yawaita? A bayyane ba haka ba ne. 35:12.826 --> 35:18.339 Kuma wannan ma shi ne karin mamaye da ake yi anan ta hannun mai tsara doka. 35:18.339 --> 35:26.830 Don haka an amince cewa, a cewar maganin gargajiya, allurar rigakafi ta farko tana ba da kariya kashi 95 cikin ɗari. 35:26.830 --> 35:34.458 Idan ka jira wasu watanni 12 zuwa 15 ba tare da karin allura ta biyu ba, ƙarfin garkuwar jiki zai ƙaru zuwa kashi 98 cikin ɗari. 35:34.458 --> 35:38.470 Kuma bayan allurar rigakafi ta biyu, sun ce yawan nasarar rigakafin ya fi kashi 99 cikin ɗari. 35:38.470 --> 35:49.567 A gaskiya, duk da haka, allurar rigakafi ta biyu mataki ne da ba dole ba kwata-kwata ga sama da kashi 95 cikin 100, ko ma kashi 98 35:49.567 --> 35:57.334 cikin 100, domin a cewar likitancin gargajiya, garkuwar jiki ta riga ta samu kashi 98 cikin 35:57.334 --> 36:01.553 100 bayan allurar farko – idan kawai ka jira. 36:01.553 --> 36:07.999 Kuma duk da haka har yanzu za ka karɓi allurar ƙari ta biyu, wadda ke ɗauke da haɗari iri ɗaya da na allurar farko. 36:07.999 --> 36:14.158 Wannan yana nufin haɗarin mutuwa ɗaya cikin miliyan ɗaya da kuma aƙalla cututtuka masu 36:14.158 --> 36:17.847 tsanani 100 cikin miliyan ɗaya a sakamakon haka. 36:17.847 --> 36:23.106 Kuma duk da haka, dole ne in yarda cewa mafi yawan mutane ba sa buƙatar su. A gaskiya, a 36:23.106 --> 36:26.648 cikin 98 daga cikin 100 na lokuta, ba su da amfani. 36:26.648 --> 36:33.384 Amma za ka ga cewa mutane ba sa son duba ko ba dole ba ne; suna son kawai su sake yin sa 36:33.384 --> 36:38.766 karo na biyu. Wannan ma ba maganin hankali ba ne. 36:38.766 --> 36:42.905 Kuma yayin da muke kan wannan batu, ina so in sake duba batun "kare dabbobi a cikin gungu". 36:42.905 --> 36:49.518 Wannan wata kalma ce ta zamani da mutane da yawa a fannin likitanci ke amfani da ita, duk da cewa mafi 36:49.518 --> 36:53.528 yawan su ba su taɓa tattauna batun ba kwata-kwata. 36:53.528 --> 37:00.041 Kuma waɗannan karkace-karkace uku suna nuna manyan ayyuka uku masu muhimmanci kan wannan batu da aka samar. 37:00.041 --> 37:05.117 Layin shuɗi aikin Fox ne daga shekarar 1971. 37:05.117 --> 37:11.310 Aikin da aka gudanar da shi cikin tsari mara kyau kwata-kwata, don haka ya dogara ne akan zato-zato na ƙarya gaba ɗaya. 37:11.310 --> 37:16.144 Kuma a nan kake ganin kariyar gungu a ƙasa, shi ne abin da ake kira R factor. 37:16.144 --> 37:22.006 Don haka hakan na nufin wannan ma'aunin yaduwa, wato yadda cutar ke yaduwa da sauri. 37:22.006 --> 37:30.032 Kamar yadda kuka sani, an ambaci wannan sau da yawa dangane da coronavirus: "Dole ne a kiyaye ƙimar R a ƙasa da 1." 37:30.032 --> 37:36.038 A mafi kyau, ya kasance 2, kamar yadda aka ikirari. Kuma an kuma nuna shi anan, 2. 37:36.038 --> 37:46.280 Don haka, da wannan R factor na 2 na coronavirus, bisa ga aikin Fox wanda komai har zuwa 2020 ya dogara a 37:46.280 --> 37:52.088 kansa, za a buƙaci kariyar gari na kashi 50 cikin ɗari. 37:52.088 --> 37:56.330 Ga shi nan kashi 60 ko 80 cikin ɗari da aka ruwaito. 37:56.330 --> 38:01.234 Wannan ba shi da wata alaƙa kwata-kwata da kowace binciken kimiyya. 38:01.234 --> 38:10.277 Duk da haka, tun da aikin Fox ma ya dogara ne akan zato-zato na ƙarya gaba ɗaya, an sake lissafa shi ta wasu ƙungiyoyin 38:10.277 --> 38:15.550 bincike guda biyu a nan a shekarar 2020. Kuma, ƙimar R ita ce 2. 38:15.550 --> 38:20.280 Ɗaya daga cikin rukunonin ya kai kashi goma cikin ɗari, ɗayan kuma ya kai kashi ashirin cikin ɗari. 38:20.280 --> 38:27.254 Wannan yana nufin cewa waɗannan su ne kashi inda dole ne ka ce cewa, idan ka ba da shawarar yin allurar rigakafi, kashi 38:27.254 --> 38:34.297 10–20 cikin ɗari na mutane a ƙasa za su yi ta saboda ba sa son tunani a kai; suna zuwa wurin likita su yi allurar. 38:34.297 --> 38:38.709 Ba ni buƙatar ɗaukar matakan tilastawa ko wani abu daban don kare dabbobina. 38:38.709 --> 38:45.421 Kuma idan cutar ta zama mai yaduwa fiye da baya, muna da ƙimar R mai yawa sosai ga taru, wanda ake kiyasta ya 38:45.421 --> 38:49.186 kai kimanin 15 zuwa 17, wanda ba a ma ambata shi a nan. 38:49.186 --> 38:54.978 Ko da haka, ba za su taɓa samun kariyar dabbobi kashi 80 ko 90 cikin ɗari ba; a mafi 38:54.978 --> 38:58.580 kyau, za su samu kashi 60 zuwa 70 cikin ɗari. 38:58.580 --> 39:06.653 Kuma tunda mun riga mun samu ƙimar da ta wuce kashi 80 cikin ɗari kafin tilasta yin rigakafi, ko waɗannan binciken ba su 39:06.653 --> 39:14.647 goyi bayan ra'ayin cewa kariyar taro tana da tasiri kwata-kwata – wanda, tabbas, abin jawo cece-kuce ne sosai. 39:14.647 --> 39:17.943 Kuma kalma ce da ake amfani da ita a likitancin dabbobi, kamar yadda za ka gani: "kare dabbobi" 39:17.943 --> 39:21.256 To, wannan lamari ne mai cike da shakku... 39:21.256 --> 39:26.718 To, ba za a iya hujja shi da wannan aikin ba ma. 39:26.718 --> 39:33.185 Matsalar dai ita ce cewa da yawan alluran rigakafi na yanzu, ba wai kawai muna ganin tsofaffi da yawa – kamar yadda na fada, 39:33.185 --> 39:39.391 waɗanda suka wuce shekaru 20 yanzu su ne rabin dukkan masu kamuwa da cutar – suna kamuwa da cutar ba, har ma mafi yawan 39:39.391 --> 39:42.814 waɗanda suka kamu yanzu mutane ne da aka yi musu rigakafi. 39:42.814 --> 39:49.149 Don haka a duk lokacin da annoba ta barke, za ka iya gano idan ka tambaya – hukumomi suna matukar jinkiri, amma ta 39:49.149 --> 39:55.280 wata hanya za ka iya gano cewa aƙalla kashi talatin cikin ɗari na waɗanda abin ya shafa sun yi rigakafi. 39:55.280 --> 40:00.263 To, babu wani irin tasirin kariya a nan. 40:00.263 --> 40:06.368 Wani ya taɓa nazarin rahotanni 18 na barkewar cutar tarin fuka a tsakanin ɗaliban makaranta. Adadin masu 40:06.368 --> 40:10.260 rigakafi ya kasance daga kashi 71 zuwa 99.8 cikin ɗari. 40:10.260 --> 40:15.803 Kuma wannan abu ne a bayyane: idan yanzu muna da ɗaya a Jamus, misali – kuma muna da wannan tilastaccen 40:15.803 --> 40:21.516 rigakafi ga yara masu zuwa nurseri da makaranta – to za ka iya ɗauka cewa ba sai ka tambaya ba. 40:21.516 --> 40:27.374 Tabbas dukansu sun yi rigakafi, in ba haka ba ba za su kasance a makaranta ba. 40:27.374 --> 40:33.728 Don haka hakan na nufin cewa waɗannan manyan ƙididdigar rigakafi ba sa hana komai kwata-kwata. 40:33.728 --> 40:42.678 A akasin haka, ana sake samun waɗannan cututtuka, musamman idan ka yi tunanin ana ba da alluran rigakafi kuma ba a 40:42.678 --> 40:47.755 ware yara ba, suna nan a wuraren jama'a tare da sauran yara. 40:47.755 --> 40:54.199 Wannan zai fi yiwuwar haifar da ƙarin yaduwar tarin fuka-fuka. 40:54.199 --> 41:00.909 Wannan wani bincike ne da Goldman da Miller suka gudanar, inda suka yi lissafi daban-daban a cikin shekaru 41:00.909 --> 41:06.595 biyu ga adadi daban-daban na ƙasashe. A nan, misali, an yi lissafi ne ga ƙasashe 30. 41:06.595 --> 41:18.674 A nan, za ku ga adadin alluran rigakafin da yara ke samu a kan layin X a ƙasa da kuma yawan mutuwar yara a kan layin Y. 41:18.674 --> 41:28.356 Wannan ba alaƙar sanadi ba ce, amma alaƙa ce mai ƙarfi sosai, wato R = 0.70, wadda take da muhimmanci a matakin kashi 41:28.356 --> 41:37.743 0.1 cikin ɗari, ma'ana duk yadda aka fi yawan yin rigakafi a ƙasashe, haka ake samun ƙarin yawan mutuwar jarirai. 41:37.743 --> 41:48.761 Ba zai yiwu a fitar da alaƙar sanadi daga wannan ba. Duk da haka, idan alaƙar ta yi ƙarfi, dole ne a binciki sanadi. 41:48.761 --> 41:51.173 Kuma a gaskiya, ya kamata ya kasance akasin haka. 41:51.173 --> 41:56.264 Yayin da yara suka fi samun rigakafi, ya kamata su fi lafiya kuma yiwuwar mutuwarsu ya 41:56.264 --> 41:59.522 ragu. Duk da haka, wannan alaƙa ba ta wanzu. 41:59.522 --> 42:07.138 Wannan yana nufin cewa wannan alaƙa tabbas tana nuna cewa rigakafi ba ya kare lafiyar yara, domin 42:07.138 --> 42:11.196 ba tare da alaƙa ba ba za a iya samun sanadi ba. 42:11.196 --> 42:17.030 Kuma wannan alaƙar sanadi cewa alluran rigakafi suna inganta lafiyar yara ba ta wanzu. 42:17.030 --> 42:25.234 Kuma ainihin tasirin waɗannan alluran rigakafi za a iya gani a cikin wani binciken rigakafi da GSK ta gudanar 42:25.234 --> 42:32.174 kwanan nan a Ingila – tare da lokacin lura na kwanaki 42, wanda a kowane hali gajere ne sosai. 42:32.174 --> 42:36.831 Don haka hakan na nufin cewa ba za a iya gano cututtuka na dindindin ba kwata-kwata. 42:36.831 --> 42:42.177 Amma ba a gudanar da wani binciken lura a kan jarirai; maimakon haka, an yi wa jariran 42:42.177 --> 42:45.000 rigakafi a matsayin wani ɓangare na bincike. 42:45.000 --> 42:50.977 Don haka wannan tuni ya zama batun damuwa ta ɗabi'a fiye da tsanani. 42:50.977 --> 42:59.300 Kashi hamsin cikin ɗari na jarirai – a matsayin maraba da zuwansu wannan duniya – illolin gefe da ba a so. 42:59.300 --> 43:08.564 6.1 cikin ɗari sun sami tasiri a rayuwarsu ta yau da kullum. 2 cikin ɗari sun fuskanci munanan illa. 43:08.564 --> 43:15.625 Kuma duk wannan don allurar rigakafi da aka yi niyyar ta kare jariran daga baya a rayuwarsu. 43:15.625 --> 43:20.017 Kashi 10 cikin ɗari na jarirai sun yi buƙatar ziyartar ɗakin gaggawa. 43:20.017 --> 43:25.892 Shin shi ne dalilin da muke yin rigakafi? Shin ana gudanar da irin waɗannan binciken? Wannan ba zai yiwu ba! 43:25.892 --> 43:32.063 Idan ana la'akari da kowace allurar rigakafi kwata-kwata, a ganina hakan na iya kasancewa ne kawai saboda a wasu lokuta masu 43:32.063 --> 43:38.923 matuƙar ƙaranci tana iya haifar da wasu lahani ga mutumin da abin ya shafa, wanda watakila ba za a iya kawar da yiwuwar hakan ba. 43:38.923 --> 43:46.571 Amma ganin yadda suke yawa, mutum ba zai iya tunanin irin mummunan sinadarai da suke ba. 43:46.571 --> 43:57.200 Kuma idan ka duba na tsawon lokaci, bayan kwanaki 180, kashi 3.4 cikin ɗari sun sami sabbin cututtuka na dogon lokaci. 43:57.200 --> 44:01.855 Ba zai yiwu a hango abin da zai faru da waɗannan yara a cikin shekaru masu zuwa ba. 44:01.855 --> 44:07.953 Don haka mu taƙaita ƙarshe: Cutar dundumba cuta ce ta dā da ke shafar yara ƙanana wadda ba 44:07.953 --> 44:12.337 kasafai ke shafar manya ba. Yanzu haka hakan ya canza. 44:12.337 --> 44:23.578 Duk da haka, wannan yanayi ba zai haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani ko ya zama mai halaka ga yara ba idan ba a yi masa magani ba. 44:23.578 --> 44:32.764 Kuma haka yanayi ne da zai iya yin tasiri mai kyau ga lafiya daga baya a rayuwa. 44:32.764 --> 44:43.049 Ba wai kawai kana da kariya daga cutar tarin fuka ba, har ma kana da haɗari mai ƙasa sosai na kamuwa da sauran cututtuka da dama. 44:43.049 --> 44:50.099 Kuma shi ya sa "allurar rigakafi" da ake tsammanin za ta ba da wani irin kariya ba za a iya ɗaukar ta da 44:50.099 --> 44:54.265 muhimmanci ba wajen rigakafin tarin fuka-fuka ko wasu cututtuka. 44:54.265 --> 45:02.919 Saboda duk waɗannan alluran rigakafi na iya haifar da cututtuka masu tsanani da ba a iya hasashe ba, har ma da mutuwa. 45:02.919 --> 45:08.787 Ko da yake wannan na iya zama kamar yadda masu fafutukar allurar rigakafi ke ikirari, 45:08.787 --> 45:12.252 ba za a iya hango haɗarin a kowane mutum ba. 45:12.252 --> 45:20.836 Kuma abin da aka rasa a duk wannan muhawara – ciki har da tilastawar yin rigakafin COVID-19 – shi ne cewa, ba kamar matakan 45:20.836 --> 45:30.153 magani ba, koyaushe muna magana ne game da maganin mutane masu lafiya. Kuma a nan ne aka sanya ma'auni ya yi matuƙar tsauri. 45:30.153 --> 45:37.829 Kuma idan kun sanya wannan allurar rigakafin tarin fuka-fuka ta zama tilas kuma kun tsaya kan 45:37.829 --> 45:42.220 haka, to al'umma za ta zama al'ummar jahilai. 45:42.220 --> 45:51.596 Mutanen Schildburg, waɗanda suka yi ƙoƙarin cire ciyawa daga bangon birni suka kuma yi tunanin za a iya cin ta da saniya, amma 45:51.596 --> 46:00.600 ba su san yadda za su haɗa saniyar da bangon birni ba, sai suka samu ƙwararren ra'ayi na jan saniyar zuwa saman da igiya. 46:00.600 --> 46:06.105 Abin baƙin ciki, da saniyar ta kai saman, sai aka rataye ta. 46:06.105 --> 46:13.596 Kuma a zahiri wannan shi ne irin yanayin da muke da shi game da rigakafin cizon sauro. 46:13.596 --> 46:14.882 Na gode da kulawarku.