WEBVTT

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Ngomhla woku-1 kuMatshi 2020, umthetho ekuthiwa
yiMeasles Protection Act waqala ukusebenza eJamani.

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Njengenxalenye yesibophelelo sokunikezela ubungqina
bokhuseleko kwisifo se-measles, abazali banokhetho

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lokuya kudliwano-ndlebe negunya lezempilo elifanelekileyo.

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Le mibutho ijolise ekweyiseni abazali
ngesidingo sokugonywa okubizwa ngokuba kokwe-measles.

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Iingxelo ezifana nezi "Umthamo wokugonya uza kwenzakalisa
umntwana wakho kancinci kunokuba enokosulelwa yimiyesile",

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"Imiyesile ibisoloko isihla ukusukela oko kwaziswa umthamo
wokugonya", "Umntwana wakho akayi kusulelwa yimiyesile kuba wonke

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umntu sele egonyiwe", "Umthamo wokugonya unegalelo ekukhuselweni
koluntu [(=ukhuseleko loluntu: uluntu (luhlangazwe) lukhuselwe

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kwisifo esosulelayo.)!" kunye "Yonke into isesayinsini!"

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Kwintengiso yakhe yangoku necacisayo, uGqr Gerd Reuther
uyaphikisa amabango amaninzi enziwe ngabo abathi

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ngabo ngabacebisi ngekhetho lokugonya imisundu kwaye
ucacisa ukuba kutheni izifo zobuntwana zibalulekile.

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Umkhuhlane, njengezinye izifo zobuntwana, ubangela
ukuba izifo ezininzi zingaxhaphaki kamva ebomini.

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Oku kuthetha ukuba, xa iyonke, ukugula
izifo zobuntwana kunceda ekukhuseleni impilo.

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Ngoko ke, kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba
ukakanyana nokuchama ebhedini, umzekelo,

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kunokunyamalala ebantwaneni xa sele bephaphathe.

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Ngoku kukho iingxelo ezithi izifo ezingapheliyo ezingama-32
ziyaphucuka okanye zinyamalale emva kokosulelwa yimijelo.

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Kangangeminyaka emininzi, iSibhedlele saBantwana eBasel
besityhila ngabom usulelo lwezichotho kwizigulana ezine-nephrotic

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syndrome, isifo sezinso, kuba kwakusaziwa ukuba emva kosulelo
lwezichotho, i-nephrotic syndrome iyanyamalala ingakhathalelwanga,

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into leyo eyayinokuba sele izanywe iminyaka ngaphambili.

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I-Multiple sclerosis ekhulwini ikwafumaneka kancinci
kakhulu kubantu abakhe bagula izifo zobuntwana ezifana

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nomkhuhlane, kunabo bangazange bazigule okanye abagonyiweyo.

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Kwaye siyazi kwakhona kwiLizwe lesithathu ukuba abantwana
apho abanathuba lokosulelwa ziintsholongwane eziphila emzimbeni

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kunye nemalariya ukuba bakhe baneentsholo besebantwaneni.

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Abazali abafane bafumane ithuba lokuva loo nto!

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Thatha ixesha lokubukela intetho iphelele kaGqr.
Gerd Reuther uze wazise abazali, abasemagunyeni

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kwezempilo, oogqirha okanye oosopolitiki bakwingingqi yakho.

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Enkosi ngentshayelelo.

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Ewe, sibaxokiswa ngeendlela ezininzi, njengoko utshilo:

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Siyaxokiswa kwimbali, kwimbali yezonyango,
kodwa kananjalo ngokuphindaphindiweyo

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ngokumalunga neenyaniso eziphathelele kunyango lwangoku.

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Abo babengathandi ukukholelwa babone,
ngokweyona meko yamva nje yeCorona, ukuba

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iinkcukacha ezisemthethweni eneneni azithembekanga.

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Kwaye oku kuye kwanjalo ixesha elide ngoku
kuyo yonke into ethethwayo ngomba wokugonywa.

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Kwaye seso isizathu endithanda ukuthetha ngalo namhlanje malunga
nesitofu sokugonya i-measles nesifo se-measles, esiye saba

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luphawu lwesilumkiso, ngokungathi i-measles sisifo esibi
kakhulu esihlala sikhokelela kwiingxaki ezinzima kwanokufa.

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Kwaye... – Yima kancinci, kufuneka nditshintshele
kwintetho-ntetho de loo nto inyamalale, ewe, kulungile.

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Ngoko ke, kwasekuqaleni, ewe – ...apho, ewe kona,
isigulo esithi ekuqaleni sibe neenkangeleko

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ezothusayo kumntu wonke ngenxa yeempawu esikhumbeni.

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Kuyacaca ukuba umntu uyagula xa
kukho amaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

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Kodwa ke, yonke le nto iqala ngolwazi olungathembekiyo
kwaphela olusasazwa ngamajelo eendaba kwaye, ngelishwa,

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nangeeziko ezisemthethweni, kuquka ne-World Health Organisation.

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Kutshanje nje, i-WHO ikhuphe ingxelo ithi imeko imbi kakhulu,
kanye kukuba ukuqhambuka kwezifo zomkhuhlane

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weentsana kumazwe kwihlabathi jikelele kunyuke
ukusuka kuma-36 ukuya kuma-57, ukunyuka nge-50 pesenti.

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Kwaye ngebe kubekho iimeko ezizizigidi ezili-10.3 zesigulana
kwihlabathi, kunye nokusweleka kwabantu abali-107,500.

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Oku kwanele ukukushiya uziva ubhidekile kancinci, kuba i-RKI
isoloko ipapasha elo nani linye, esiza kubuya kulo

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kamva – kwaye elikwangempazamo – lokusweleka komntu
omnye kwizigulana ezili-1,000 zomkhuhlane we-measles.

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Kodwa ukuba wenza izibalo, oko kungakuba
kukusweleka komntu omnye kwiziganeko ezili-100

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zomkhuhlane wamakhwenkwe. Ingaba oko kunokwenzeka njani?

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Kwaye ibali lonke liyamangalisa ngakumbi xa ujonga
iinkcukacha ezisemagqabini zakutshanje ezivela kwi-WHO.

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Kule minyaka ingama-25 idlulileyo, esi sihlomelo
sisindise ubomi babantu abazizigidi ezingama-60.

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Ukuba uthi, umzekelo, kukho ukusweleka kwabantu
abangama-100,000 ngonyaka, kwisithuba seminyaka engama-25,

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oko kungaba kukusweleka kwabantu abazizigidi ezi-2.5.

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Kwaye ingaba ukugonya kungasindisa njani iimpilo
zabantu abazizigidi ezingamashumi amathandathu?

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Ngoko ke, ngokucacileyo, kukho into engalunganga.

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Kwaye ukuba uzinikela ixesha lokufunda upapasho oluneenkcukacha
lwe-WHO, uya kubona ukuba i-WHO ayizange

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ithembele kwi-data yokuqwalasela, kodwa ichaza
kolu papasho ukuba loo data yayingonelanga.

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Ngoko ke bayamkela ngokwabo ezi datha baza
bazifakelela isifanekiso ngeprogram

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yesikhompyutha, kanye iprogram ebizwa ngokuba yiMeasles CFR.

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Kwaye le nkqubo ngokucacileyo ayizange ifake ukufa
okunye kwabantu abali-1,000, kodwa yafaka ukufa

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okunye kwabali-100. Kunye nezinye iingqikelelo ezimbalwa.

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Nokuba kunjani, inani lilonke leemeko
zomkhuhlane ezixeliweyo apha alichanekanga kwaphela.

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Kwaye oko kukwasebenza nakwiiYurophu, xa
sikujonga kwinqanaba elincinane kancinci.

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Ngoko ke, mhlawumbi kufuneka kwenziwe kwacaca
kwakhona ukuba iYurophu ayiyiyo iYurophu yeWorld Health

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Organisation, kodwa yiyo iYurophu yamandla aseNtshona.

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Iquka iGreenland, iYurophu yandiselwa kwiBering Strait, yonke
into ukuya eVladivostok, kwaye ungabona

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neSirayeli encinci, eneneni ingenanto yakwenza
neYurophu, kodwa nayo iqukiwe kwingingqi yaseYurophu.

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Ngoko ke, ukuba ufunda izihloko ezifana nesi "Ukunyuka
okumangalisayo kwamatyala omkhuhlane eYurophu,"

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kusenokwenzeka ukuba kubekho amatyala ambalwa ongezelelweyo
kwaSirayeli okanye kwenye indawo kwilizwe elincinci.

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Kodwa oko kungaba yi'Europe', hayi amazwe oManyano lwaseYurophu.

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Kodwa yintoni kanye kanye eyenzekayo kwiManyano yaseYurophu?

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Ngo-2023, bekukho iimeko eziyi-2,361
zesigulana kumazwe angama-30 e-EU.

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Isiganeko esiyi-5.2 kwizigidi ezili-1 zabahlali.

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Ngoko ke ngokwenene ayisiyongcwatsi ixhaphakileyo, kodwa ke,
njengoko sisazi kwezonyango, sisigulo esinqabileyo kakhulu.

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Ingakumbi xa uyithelekisa nenkcazelo
emiselweyo nguManyano lwaseYurophu yezifo

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ezinqabileyo, eyenzelwe ukuxhasa ishishini lamachiza.

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Kaloku, yayili-shishini lamachiza elafuna
kwiminyaka eliqela eyadlulayo ukuba libe

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noxanduva lwamayeza ezifo ezinqabileyo kwasekuqaleni.

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Ufuna iimeko ezikhethekileyo, uze emva koko kwanyanzeleka
ukuba ufumane inkcazelo – yintoni isifo esinqabileyo?

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Isifo esinqabileyo kwiManyano yaseYurophu seso sichaphazela
abantu abangaphantsi kwesihlanu kwizigidi ezilishumi.

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Makhe sijonge imfiva yengculu.

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Imfiva-nkwenkwe ibiya kuseyisigulo esinqabileyo eYurophu,
nokuba eJamani besingenazo iimeko eziphakathi kwama-50 nama-500

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ngonyaka, kodwa sinazo iimeko ezingama-41,500 zemfiva-nkwenkwe.

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Nangona kunjalo, isengaba sisifo esinqabileyo.

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Oku kuthetha ukuba inyaniso yeyokuba umkhuhlane
wengane ngokwenene sisifo esinqabileyo kakhulu.

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Kwaye la ngamanani esinawo ngoku,
ukusukela ngo-2001 ukuya ku-2018.

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Ungakubona ngokucacileyo ngasekhohlo: ngo-2001
bekukho iimeko eziyi-6,000, ngo-2008 bekukho eziyi-500.

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Kwaye ngoku, ngo-2020, xa kwaziswa ukugonya
okunyanzelekileyo, kwakukho iimeko ezingama-50.

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Ngoko ke oko kuthetha ukuba sithetha
ngenani elincinci kakhulu leemeko apha.

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Kwaye kuyathakazelisa nokuba ngoku, ngo-2020, kubekho iimeko
ezingama-50 zokugonywa ngokunyanzeliswa... – elilelona gama

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lichanekileyo, kuba umntu akufanelanga athethe ngenyanzeliso.

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Kufana kancinci nokuzalisekisa
isibophelelo. Yinto onyanzelekileyo.

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Kodwa ngokomthetho, le nto ithethwa apha
ngokwenene kukunyanzeliswa ukuba kugonywe.

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Apho umntu ekufuneka athi olu phuhliso
lweeminyaka ezingama-20 ezidlulileyo kuphela

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lubonisa apho imfuneko yokwenene yale nto ikhoyo.

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Olona tshintsho lwabonakala kakhulu kule minyaka
ingama-20 idlulileyo kube kukuhla ukusuka kuma-6,000 ukuya

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kuma-766 phakathi konyaka ka-2001 no-2003. Kwenzeka ntoni apho?

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Izinga lokugonywa alitshintshanga.
Akubangakho nyanzeliso yokugonya.

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Hayi, okwenzekileyo kukuba kwaziswa uxanduva
lokunika ingxelo ngeemeko zomkhuhlane, nto

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leyo ebonakala ingavakali xa uqala ukuyijonga.

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Oko kuthetha ukuba xa ndinyanzela oogqirha ukuba baxele
iimeko zomkhuhlane wamakhowa kubaphathi bezempilo, inani

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leemeko lehlela kwi-10 pesenti. Ingaba oko kunokwenzeka njani?

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Ingcaciso ekuphela kwayo, ngokoluvo lwam,
yeyokuba ezi zibonakaliso zisenokuba zezo zinyani.

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Kodwa la manani angaphambili, engu-6,000 kwanokuba
ngaphezulu ngeminyaka yoo-1990, akazange anembi.

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Kucacile ukuba ziye zayilwa, kuba kungenzeka njani ngenye indlela
ukuba umntu acacisele isibakala sokuba xa nje

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oogqirha beqalekisiwe ngokungaxeli esi sifo kubaphathi
bezempilo, inani leziganeko liye lehla ngequbuliso?

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Loo nto ayinakuba yinyani. Ngoko ke, njengoko sisazi
kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka sicinge ukuba la manani

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ayilwe yiRobert Koch Institute kangangamashumi eminyaka.

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Ukusukela oko imfuneko yokunika ingxelo yaqala ukusebenza,
kuvele enye into eyenzekayo engabonakali kwezi zibalo, kowokuba

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iminyaka yobudala ephakathi yamatyala omkhuhlane iyenyuka.

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Kule mihla, isiqingatha sazo zonke
iimeko zomkhuhlane wamakhwekhwezi zikubantu

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abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 ubudala.

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Ngoko ke oko kuthetha ukuba kukho into
etshintshileyo. Kwaye umntu kufuneka aphinde aqikelele

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ukuba kunokubakho unxulumano nobhubhane wokugonya.

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Kangangeenkulungwane, imfiva-mpuphu
ibingeyondifo ebelichaphazela abantu abadala.

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Ezi yayizimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu.
Endaweni yoko, yayiyingxaki yokuqala nje.

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Ukuba akusenjalo, ke kufuneka
kubekho isizathu esithile esiphembelelayo.

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Kwaye ekuphela kwento enokuba
negalelo ngoku kukuphunyezwa kokugonya.

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Nokuba kunjani, yonke le meko
yeyokuba esi sifo sinqabile kakhulu.

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Kwaye ukuba ubala ukuba ugqirha oqhelekileyo unxibelelana
nezigulana ezimalunga nama-200,000 kwisithuba seminyaka engama-30

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esebenza, ngoko ke ugqirha oqhelekileyo kufuneka asebenze
iminyaka eli-150 ukuze abone isigulana esinye esinomkhuhlane.

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Nangona kunjalo, oku kusetyenziselwa ukufikelela
kwisigqibo 'somngcipheko okhethekileyo wezempilo'.

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Yiloo nto eyoyikekayo, kuba uMthetho woKhuselo kuSulelo uthi
isoyikiso solunxulumano sisifo esosulelayo esithi, ngenxa

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yeendlela zaso ezimbi zokukhula ngokwezonyango kunye nendlela
esisasazeka ngayo, sinokubeka ingozi enkulu kuluntu luphela.

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Umbuzo ngulo, ingenziwa njani le nto kwisifo esinqabileyo
kakhulu, kwaye, ngokwezibalo ezisemthethweni, esinqabileyo

12:51.523 --> 12:57.156
kakhulu ukuba sibe sisifo esinzima okanye esibulalayo?

12:57.156 --> 13:04.514
Enyanisweni, loo nto ayinakwenzeka. Kodwa eli candelo
loMthetho woKhuselo lweSifo lisetyenziselwe ukuthethelela

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uxinzelelo olungangqalanga lokugonya i-measles eJamani.

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Asingabo bonke abachaphazelekayo. Njengoko ndibona apha
kwiimonitha, uninzi lwabo bazalwe phambi

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konyaka ka-1971, masithi, kwaye ke ngoko baxhamla
kwisithuba esongezelelweyo sokuzalwa kwangoko.

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Umntu angathi ke ngoko ukuba kukho umntu onokhuseleko.

13:24.882 --> 13:33.058
Noko ke, nabani na ozalwe emva komhla wama-31 kuDisemba
1970 kufuneka anike ubungqina bokuba wayenentsholongwane

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okanye ukuba ngeenye iindlela wayeza kugonyelwa yona.

13:37.234 --> 13:44.031
Oku kusebenza kubantwana basenursery nasesikolweni,
kubasebenzi beziko loluntu, kwabo bazalwa

13:44.031 --> 13:49.125
ngo-1971 nangemva koko, nakubo bonke abasebenzi bezempilo.

13:49.125 --> 13:55.643
Kuba kucatshangelwa, okanye ubuncinci
kucetyiswa, ukuba kukho umngcipheko ophezulu kakhulu

13:55.643 --> 13:59.822
wesigulo semichuno kwezi ndawo zikawonke-wonke.

13:59.822 --> 14:03.726
Kwaye kufuneka ujonge ukuba oko kuyasebenza na kwaphela.

14:03.726 --> 14:10.988
Ngokweenkcukacha ezivela kwiBhunga leFederal ngo-2020, isixa
esipheleleyo sabantu abazizigidi ezili-11 eJamani kufuneka

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bangqine ukuba banokhuselo lomzimba kwisifo somkhuhlane
wama-measles, nokuba ngenxa yokugula okanye ngenxa yokugonywa.

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Into yokuba ukungqina ukukhuseleka kwisifo esosulelayo yinto
engacacanga kakuhle, libali elinye esiza kulixoxa kancinci kamva.

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Kodwa masijonge oku: phakathi kuka-2014 no-2018, kwabakho
ukuqhambuka kwezifo zomkhuhlane wama-measles okungama-430 kunye

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namatyala angama-3,178 omkhuhlane wama-measles, apho
ikota kuphela yazo yenzeka kwezi ziko zoluntu apho

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abasebenzi kufuneka banikeze ubungqina bokhuseleko lomzimba.

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Ezinye i-75 pesenti yamatyala zenzeke
kwiindawo apho ukugonya kusengekanyanzeliswanga.

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Oku kukwabonisa ukuba le nto iphunyezwayo apha yiiKomiti
ezibizwa ngokuba ziingcali, iRobert Koch Institute, iSTIKO

15:11.019 --> 15:17.579
kunye namagunya ezempilo, ikude kakhulu nendlela enengqiqo.

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Imeko iyonke mhlawumbi iyaziwa kakuhle.

15:21.141 --> 15:27.430
Imfiva yayifumaneka kakhulu ngaphambili.
Aba ngabantu abasweleke ngenxa yemfiva apha.

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Yiyo loo nto ndithetha ngenani lokusweleka, hayi inani
lilonke leemeko, kuba, njengoko benditshilo

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ngaphambili, imfuneko yokunika ingxelo yaziswa kuphela ngo-2001.

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Ngaphambili, bekungekho mfuneko yokunika ingxelo. Oku
kuthetha ukuba inani lokwenene lamatyala angaphambili akaziwa.

15:42.368 --> 15:48.051
Kuba, okukhona ubuyela emva kwixesha,
kwakuxhaphakile ukuba abantu abaninzi

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ababenomkhuhlane wamakhowa bangade bangaboni nogqirha.

15:52.243 --> 15:56.094
Xa ndandinesigulana ndisengumntwana, nam ndandisekhaya.

15:56.094 --> 16:02.189
Loo nto yayikukuxilongwa kukamama, waza wathi,
"Ngoku uza kuhlala ebhedini iintsuku ezimbalwa uze

16:02.189 --> 16:05.438
uphinde uvuke xa usempilweni." Kwaye kwakuphelela apho.

16:05.438 --> 16:09.407
Kakade ke, loo nto ayibonakali
kwiinkcukacha-manani. Yiloo nto kubakho ukusweleka.

16:09.407 --> 16:15.754
Kodwa ke kwavela ukuba ngeminyaka yoo-1960,
kwakukho abantu abaphakathi kwe-100 ne-200

16:15.754 --> 16:19.396
ekutyholwa ukuba basweleke ngenxa yemijukujelwa.

16:19.396 --> 16:25.580
Ndithi kuthiwa kungenxa yokuba
ukunxulumana kwenzakalo akuqinisekanga kwaphela.

16:25.580 --> 16:36.315
Kwaye xa isitofu sokugonya i-measles sasisandul' ukwaziswa
ngo-1974, kwaza ngo-1976 iphulo lokuphelisa i-measles laqiniswa,

16:36.315 --> 16:41.404
la maqondo ayesele ehle kakhulu aye ngaphantsi kwama-40.

16:41.404 --> 16:46.551
Oku kuthetha ukuba umkhwa wokuhla ngokuthe
chu kwamatyala omkhuhlane kunye nokufa

16:46.551 --> 16:49.622
ngenxa yawo, wawusele ukho nangaphambi koko.

16:49.622 --> 16:55.271
Akukho nxulumano lwabangela nesiphumo kwaphela
phakathi kwezi zitofu zokugonya kunye naloo nto.

16:55.271 --> 16:58.396
Kodwa kukho enye into enomdla malunga nezibalo.

16:58.396 --> 17:04.669
Cinga kwakhona ngesi sitatimende esivela
kwi-RKI: ukusweleka okukodwa kwiimeko ezilikhulu.

17:04.669 --> 17:14.130
Kwiminyaka yoo-1960 noo-1970, phambi kokuba kuqaliswe
ukugonywa kwesigulana, kwabakho izizalo eziyi-800,000.

17:14.130 --> 17:23.273
Oku kuthetha ukuba kwezi zizana ezisibhozo ezizalweyo, ukuba
zonke bezigonyiwe okanye ukuba izinga lokusweleka ngenxa yemfiva

17:23.273 --> 17:31.172
yengane lalingu-0.1%, ngoko bekufanele kubekho abantwana abaninzi
kakhulu abasweleka ngenxa yemfiva yengane,

17:31.172 --> 17:38.638
kuba imfiva yengane ibisisifo esiqhelekileyo
sobuntwana esinokufunyanwa ngabantwana abaninzi.

17:38.638 --> 17:45.502
Kwaye ke, ngekungekho nabantu abambalwa ababefileyo
abangama-50, 100 okanye 150 ukuba ngenene umntwana omnye

17:45.502 --> 17:49.240
kwabalikhulu elinye ababethefunwe yimiphunga wayesifa.

17:49.240 --> 17:56.034
Ngoko ke nalapha, siphinda sibone ukuba amanani ayadlalwa
ngokukhululekileyo, kanye elo nani lika-1 kwabali-1,000,

17:56.034 --> 18:01.099
elingenakungqinwa kumazwe ahambele phambili
kushishino ngokusekelwe kuyo yonke idatha

18:01.099 --> 18:04.896
eqokelelweyo kule minyaka ingamashumi ambalwa idlulileyo.

18:04.896 --> 18:12.309
Kwaye iNkundla yoMgaqo-siseko yeFederal yathatha
umlinganiselo wesi-1 kwabali-10,000 kwisigwebo sayo.

18:12.309 --> 18:19.325
Ubuncinane kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo ukusukela ngo-2018
ukuya ku-2024, inani leemeko zomkhuhlane, kubandakanywa

18:19.325 --> 18:24.603
ukusweleka nomonakalo osisigxina, umkhuhlane
ukwicala lasekhohlo kunye nerubella kwicala

18:24.603 --> 18:28.135
lasekunene, la ngamanani asemthethweni avela kwi-RKI.

18:28.135 --> 18:34.865
Ngoko ke uyabona, kwiminyaka emithandathu,
akukho bantu bafileyo, akukho monakalo usisigxina.

18:34.865 --> 18:42.116
Ngoko ke, le asiyondifo enokubeka uluntu
jikelele engozini nangayiphi na indlela.

18:42.116 --> 18:52.043
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwesigaba solawulo losulelo
esibonisiwe ngaphambili akunakufunyanwa kwizibalo zizonke.

18:52.043 --> 19:02.715
Ukuba sijonga umva ngakumbi, kwiziganeko eziyi-7,092 zomkhuhlane,
zintathu iimfa ezixeliweyo ukuba zibangelwe ngumkhuhlane.

19:02.715 --> 19:09.629
Kodwa ke, umbuzo ngulo, ingaba yayikunene isizathu?

19:09.629 --> 19:21.590
Ndingathi kuphela ukuba i-measles iqhubekile ngokwayo kwaye
umntu wasweleka ngaphandle kwayo nayiphi na inkcenzeko yonyango.

19:21.590 --> 19:29.942
Ndingatsho ukuba, ewe, ngokucacileyo,
i-measles yayisisigulo esibulalayo ebantwini.

19:29.942 --> 19:36.395
Kodwa nje ndakuba ndinyanga kwaye
ndijongene nemingcipheko, ke ngoku yahlukile.

19:36.395 --> 19:45.065
Ngoko ke, ndisoloko ndinethuba lokuba umntu usweleke
ngenxa yesifo esisisiseko, kodwa kwakhona nangenxa yonyango.

19:45.065 --> 19:54.325
Kwaye ke kusetyenziswa iziyobisi ezingenelelayo, nkqu nakwimeko
yomkhuhlane wengane, ukuba imeko yomntwana iya isiba mandundu.

19:54.325 --> 20:01.387
Cinga nje ngendlela esasinayo ngayo eUnited States, apho babesithi
umntu usweleke ngenxa yemfiva yamawele evela ebantwaneni.

20:01.387 --> 20:06.817
Ewe, umntwana onjalo uncediswa ngomoya.
Kuye kwacaca ukuba isifo besahluke kakhulu.

20:06.817 --> 20:13.626
Kodwa ukuba ndiphefumlisa umntu, oko kuthetha ukuba
ndiyamthomalalisa nge-opioids, ndiyaphumza, mhlawumbi ndimnika

20:13.626 --> 20:18.524
i-remdesivir – ngamanye amazwi, amanye
amachiza angacacanga okulwa iintsholongwane

20:18.524 --> 20:21.535
aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbi – ke kunjalo.

20:21.535 --> 20:23.607
Kodwa andifanelanga nokuya kude kangako.

20:23.607 --> 20:31.457
Ewe, yinto eqhelekileyo kule mihla, ingakumbi
ezibhedlele, ukunciphisa umkhuhlane, nokuba mncinci, kwangoko.

20:31.457 --> 20:36.980
Kwaye ngakumbi xa umkhuhlane unyuka kakhulu ngenxa
yemfiva, kusetyenziswa amayeza okuthoba umkhuhlane.

20:36.980 --> 20:45.073
Kwaye hayi ngemisonto yezinyithi okanye mhlawumbi i-aspirin endala
esaziwayo, kodwa namhlanje, nkqu nabantwana banikwa amayeza

20:45.073 --> 20:50.123
anamandla ngakumbi, umzekelo, i-diclofenac okanye i-ibuprofen.

20:50.123 --> 20:56.366
Kwaye apha, kwi-Arzneimittel-Telegramm (iTelegram yeyeza),
ungafunda kwiziphepha ezingaphakathi kwipakethe ukuba ezi zinto

20:56.366 --> 21:02.814
zimbini, ezisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umkhuhlane, zinokubangela
intloko ebuhlungu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza kwanentsholongwane

21:02.814 --> 21:06.277
yomgca wengqondo engaditywiniyo (aseptic meningitis).

21:06.277 --> 21:14.736
Oku kuthetha ukuba imeningitis, ethathwa njengengxaki ebulalayo
okanye ibe ngunobangela wokwanda okukhulu

21:14.736 --> 21:22.864
kwezimpawu zomkhuhlane wamaxholo, ikhokelela
kwimeningitis ize emva koko ibe yi-encephalitis.

21:22.864 --> 21:26.668
Kwaye oku kunokwenzeka ngezi nkaphiliso zodwa, umzekelo.

21:26.668 --> 21:36.504
Kwaye andazi nanganye imeko apho, ekuswelekeni komntu, kwenziwa
umzamo wokwahlula ukuba ingaba iziphumo zonyango bezinegalelo na.

21:36.504 --> 21:43.731
Kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo;
kutshwethwa ukuba imfiva yabulale umntu.

21:43.731 --> 21:49.423
Kwaye ekugqibeleni, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuza kuvela
ukuba akukho mntu wakha wafa ngenxa yemfiva yamakhowa.

21:49.423 --> 21:57.989
Kukho izifundo ezimbalwa ezicacisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ngaphandle
kokuncitshiswa komkhuhlane, umzimba uyakwazi ukumelana

21:57.989 --> 22:02.368
kakuhle nenkqubela yendalo yesi sifo, ubuncinci ebantwaneni.

22:02.368 --> 22:12.095
Kwaye ukuba lo mkhuhlane uphakamileyo ekupheleni kwesifo
uyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo ukuze kubekho ukuchacha okugqibeleleyo.

22:12.095 --> 22:19.743
Kwaye ndingathanda nokucaphula uNjingalwazi waseYunivesithi
uGraninger, anokuba uninzi lwenu, ukuba ningama-Austria, nimazi.

22:19.743 --> 22:26.840
UNjingalwazi Graninger, othe, ngokwenene, usaphilile nanamhlanje,
owayesakuba ngumntu esisebenza naye e-AKH

22:26.840 --> 22:33.299
eVienna, owayengingcali yosulelo edume kwihlabathi
lonke iminyaka engama-30, watsho ngelo xesha:

22:33.299 --> 22:37.900
Abantu namhlanje abasakwazi nokuba
nomkhuhlane oyinyani – seso isiphelo esothusayo.

22:37.900 --> 22:43.678
Izakhono zokuvelisa ubushushu bangaphakathi sesona sixhobo
sethu sokuzikhusela esidala kakhulu ngokophuhliso lwendalo.

22:43.678 --> 22:53.251
Kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ekubeni isifo
siqhubeke sihlale ekhona ukuba kubekho umkhuhlane.

22:53.251 --> 23:03.400
Kunjalo ke. UGraninger wayengenguye umphilisi wamayeza esintu,
kodwa wayengugqirha oqhelekileyo onamava othe la mazwi,

23:03.400 --> 23:13.071
kodwa othe, njengomntu wesizukulwana esidala, wabona
nokuba ukunciphisa ifiva kunokwenzakalisa umntu kakhulu.

23:13.071 --> 23:19.728
Kwaye ukuba ke udibanisa oku namayeza afana
nediclofenac okanye i-ibuprofen, unokubangela umonakalo

23:19.728 --> 23:23.884
ophindwe kabini, nto leyo enokukhokelela nasekufeni.

23:23.884 --> 23:31.652
Kwaye ukuba sijonga umngcipheko ophakathi kwesifo somkhuhlane
kunye nesitofu somkhuhlane sisebenzisa amanani

23:31.652 --> 23:39.384
asemthethweni, sibona ukuba siphatha ingqikelelo
engenangqondo kwaphela yesitofu esinyanzelekileyo.

23:39.384 --> 23:43.489
Sinamacala angama-50 ukuya kuma-100 ngonyaka eJamani.

23:43.489 --> 23:46.634
I-Austria ibisoloko inokwahlulwa ngeshumi.

23:46.634 --> 23:53.516
Isiqingatha sezi ziganeko ngoku zikubantwana, oko
kukuthi, iziganeko eziphakathi kwama-25 nama-250 zabantwana.

23:53.516 --> 23:59.032
Kwaye ke sinokuba nokusweleka okukodwa
kwiimeko eziphakathi kwezi-5,000 nezi-10,000.

23:59.032 --> 24:05.503
Yiloo nto kanye eboniswa ziinkcukacha-manani
xa ezi kufa, ekunokwenzeka ukuba zibangelwe

24:05.503 --> 24:09.246
lunyango, zisabalwa njengezifa zomkhuhlane.

24:09.246 --> 24:15.859
Oku kuthetha ukuba, kuxhomekeke kubuninzi
baso ngonyaka, singaba nokusweleka komntwana

24:15.859 --> 24:21.540
omnye kwisithuba seminyaka eli-10 ukuya kuma-200.

24:21.540 --> 24:27.747
Ngoko ke, kuthekani ngomthamo wokugonya i-measles? Kwanabo
abaxhasi bokugonya bayavuma ukuba kufuneka

24:27.747 --> 24:33.548
kubekho ukusweleka komntu omnye ukuya kwababini
ngonyaka ngenxa yomthamo wokugonya i-measles.

24:33.548 --> 24:39.532
Loo nto imalunga nesigidi sezitofu zokugonya ezinikwa eJamani.

24:39.532 --> 24:45.860
Kwaye elona nani lisezantsi lithethwayo ngesitofu ngasinye
kukusweleka komntu omnye kwizigidi ezizizigidi zesitofu.

24:45.860 --> 24:52.480
Ukufa komntu omnye ukuya kwababini, ngokweenkcukacha
ezisemthethweni ezivela kwi-RKI, kunye neenkcukacha

24:52.480 --> 25:00.537
ezisemthethweni ezivela kwi-RKI: iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga
ezinzima ezili-100 ngonyaka, kuquka umonakalo osisigxina.

25:00.537 --> 25:08.976
Oko kulindelekile. Xa kuthelekiswa nokufa komntwana
omnye kwisithuba seminyaka eli-10 ukuya kuma-200.

25:08.976 --> 25:17.220
Xa kuthelekiswa iingenelo nezingeloncedo, akukho ngcali
yezonyango enoxanduva, okanye nayiphi na ipolitiki enoxanduva,

25:17.220 --> 25:22.599
enokuthi ngengqondo yayo esebenzayo igqibe
kwelokuba ikhethe ukugonywa, kwaye

25:22.599 --> 25:28.184
ngokuqinisekileyo hayi ukugonywa okunyanzelekileyo.

25:28.184 --> 25:34.950
Kuba kubi nangakumbi: umkhuhlane
wokugonya ukushiya nomkhuseko wobomi bonke.

25:34.950 --> 25:41.036
Oku kuthetha ukuba umntu owakhe waba
nomkhuhlane awusoze aphinde awufumane.

25:41.036 --> 25:47.594
Ifana nesigwebu. Nabani na owakhe waba
nesigwebu akasayi kuphinda asifumane.

25:47.594 --> 25:50.472
Kodwa izinto zibonakala zahlukile emva kokugonywa.

25:50.472 --> 25:58.476
Akukho siqholo sinye, ukuba umntu uyakholelwa ekusebenzeni
kweziqholo, esinye naso esingunyango olusekelwe kubungqina

25:58.476 --> 26:02.995
kuba azikavavanywa ngeziphucuko ezifanelekileyo ze-placebo.

26:02.995 --> 26:23.332
Ke ngoko, kwanabameli bokugonya kufuneka bavume ukuba ukugonya
kubangela amanqanaba aphantsi e-antibody kunokuba usulwe sisifo.

26:23.332 --> 26:26.917
Kwaye, ewe kona, izifo zinokuphinda zivele.

26:26.917 --> 26:35.776
Kwaye ngoku siqonda ukuba uluntu olugonyiwe iminyaka okanye
amashumi eminyaka lunamandla okuzikhusela

26:35.776 --> 26:43.667
omzimba aphantsi kunoluntu apho uninzi
lwabantu lunamandla okuzikhusela omzimba endalo.

26:43.667 --> 26:50.495
Ewe kona! Kuba ukhuselo lomzimba
aluphelelanga, ukuba luyafumaneka kwaphela.

26:50.495 --> 26:56.602
Oomama abagonyiweyo banamanqanaba aphantsi
e-antibody, kwaye ke ngoko badlulisela i-antibody

26:56.602 --> 27:00.542
ezimbalwa ezingabantwana babo njengokhuseleko lokuqala.

27:00.542 --> 27:11.185
Oku kuthetha ukuba, ngokusekelwe kwezi nyaniso, ezikwangqinisisiwe
yiRobert Koch Institute, kucacile ukuba andinakunciphisa

27:11.185 --> 27:17.087
okanye nditshabalalise umkhuhlane okanye ezinye izifo ngokugonya.

27:17.087 --> 27:27.616
Ngokuchaseneyo, ukuba ndinomlinganiselo ophezulu wokugonya okanye
nokuba kukugonya okunyanzelekileyo, ndiye ndivele iimeko ezintsha

27:27.616 --> 27:33.420
ngokuphindaphindiweyo ezingenakwenzeka
kuluntu olusoloko luhlaselwa sesi sifo,

27:33.420 --> 27:37.592
kuba kungenjalo kungavela ukhuselo lwendalo.

27:37.592 --> 27:41.444
Kwaye oko kunokufunyanwa ngala manqanaba ee-antibody.

27:41.444 --> 27:47.764
Kwaye la manqanaba ee-antibody, ewe, njengoko besitsho, luhlobo
oluthile lobuqhophololo, nto leyo ekubalulekileyo ukuba uyazi.

27:47.764 --> 27:55.994
Kuba, njengoko benditshilo ekuqaleni, ukuba umntu akafuni
kugonywa phantsi kwesi siqinisekiso sokugonywa eJamani,

27:55.994 --> 28:04.794
angakwazi ke ukwenza uvavanyo lwe-antibody ukuze abonise
ukuba une-antibodies ezaneleyo kwaye akadingi kugonywa.

28:04.794 --> 28:13.304
Kodwa zibonisa ntoni ezi antibodies? Siyazi ukuba ngezi vavanyo
ze-IgG ELISA, nomntu owakha wayenemichuno unamanqanaba aphantsi

28:13.304 --> 28:19.000
kangangokuba, ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo
zovavanyo, kungafuneka enjenjalo enziwe umjovo,

28:19.000 --> 28:23.395
nangona kubonakaliswe ukuba wakha wayenemichuno.

28:23.395 --> 28:28.936
Oku kuthetha ukuba sele sibona ukuba
yonke le nto ayinantsingiselo ngokwenene.

28:28.936 --> 28:35.874
Kwaye kucace gca, kuba ngokwesithethi
esisemthethweni, siphathe 'isifo esosulelayo' apha.

28:35.874 --> 28:42.819
Kwaye izifo ezosulelayo zilwa ikakhulu
kukhuselo lweeseli, hayi izilwa-mzimba.

28:42.819 --> 28:47.988
Kwaye xa ndilinganisa ii-antibodies, nto leyo
eyayiyinkohliso yonke nakwi-coronavirus, andinayo ke

28:47.988 --> 28:51.203
nayo nayiphi na inkcazelo malunga nokhuselo lomzimba.

28:51.203 --> 28:58.582
Kodwa sele kunjalo ukuba, ngale ncinezelo ingathanga ngqo
yokugonya eJamani, ubungqina bokukhuseleka

28:58.582 --> 29:04.953
bufuneka kubantu abachaphazelekayo, nokuba
ibingabizwanga njalo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.

29:04.953 --> 29:12.414
Kodwa yile nto kanye lo mthetho wobhubhane usisongela
sonke ngayo kwixesha elizayo, kuzo zonke iintlobo zezifo.

29:12.414 --> 29:18.923
Singoosolwayo, kwaye xa kukho urhano,
kufuneka sibonise ukuba asinatyala.

29:18.923 --> 29:25.700
Kwaye kuba bengasikholelwa njengabemi, bathi,
ewe, sikholelwa kuphela kwiimvavanyo esizenzayo.

29:25.700 --> 29:35.347
Nangona kunjalo, akukho mvavanyo inokungqina ukhuseleko
kuso nasiphi na isifo. Kubalulekile ukuba uhlale ukwazi oku.

29:35.347 --> 29:44.463
Kodwa siyazi nangaphezulu kunoko: ukhuseleko oluchasene
nokuphinda ufumane i-measles alusebenzi nge-100 pesenti kuphela

29:44.463 --> 29:51.280
xa sele uyifumene i-measles, kodwa i-measles,
njengezinye izifo zobuntwana, ithetha ukuba

29:51.280 --> 29:55.153
izigulo ezininzi azixhaphakanga kamva ebomini.

29:55.153 --> 30:02.861
Oku kuthetha ukuba, xa iyonke, ukugula
izifo zobuntwana kunceda ukukhusela impilo.

30:02.861 --> 30:12.601
Ngoko ke, kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukakanyana nokuchama
ebhedini, umzekelo, kunokuphela ebantwaneni xa sele bephaphathe.

30:12.601 --> 30:23.951
Ngoku kukho iingxelo ezithi izifo ezingapheliyo ezingama-32
ziyaphucuka okanye zinyamalale emva kokosulelwa yimfiva.

30:23.951 --> 30:32.746
Kangangeminyaka emininzi, iSibhedlele saBantwana eBasel
besityhila ngabom usulelo lwezichotho kwizigulana ezine-nephrotic

30:32.746 --> 30:41.832
syndrome, isifo sezinso, kuba kwakwaziwa ukuba emva kosulelo
lwezichotho, i-nephrotic syndrome ibisanyamalala inganyangwanga,

30:41.832 --> 30:46.405
into leyo ebisenokuba ibizanywe iminyaka ngaphambili.

30:46.405 --> 30:55.496
I-Multiple sclerosis ekhulwini ikwafumaneka kancinci
kakhulu kubantu abakhe bagula izifo zobuntwana ezifana

30:55.496 --> 31:02.520
nomkhuhlane, kunabo bangazange bazigule okanye abagonyiweyo.

31:02.520 --> 31:10.061
Kwaye siyazi kwakhona kwiLizwe lesithathu ukuba
abantwana apho abanethuba elingako lokosulelwa zizintsholongwane

31:10.061 --> 31:13.387
nemalariya ukuba bakhe baneentsholo besengabantwana.

31:13.387 --> 31:15.874
Ngoko ke, lo ngumbono obaluleke kakhulu.

31:15.874 --> 31:26.880
Kuba ukuba ngoku unyanzela umntu ukuba afumane isifo sendalo,
i-measles, esingqineke sinika iinzuzo ezininzi zempilo kamva

31:26.880 --> 31:32.962
ebomini, oko kukwaphula inkululeko yakhe yokuzikhethela ebomini.

31:32.962 --> 31:39.205
Olo luthi, ewe, kusenokwenzeka ukuba siza kukunqanda
ekufumaneni imijelo ngesi siqholo, kodwa akuqinisekanga.

31:39.205 --> 31:46.102
Ngoku siyazi ukuba ubuncinane i-30 pesenti yamatyala omkhuhlane
isezintloko zabantu abagonyiweyo, kwaye la manani ayenyuka.

31:46.102 --> 31:51.371
Kwaye kufuneka sithi nezi zibonelelo zempilo
azifunyanwa kusulelo lwendebele lwendalo

31:51.371 --> 31:55.608
emva kokuba sifumene isitofu sokugonya indebele.

31:55.608 --> 32:02.041
Emva koko kufuneka umntu alinganise iingenelo nezingeloncedo,
kwaye ndikholelwa ukuba abantu abambalwa kakhulu abaya kugqiba

32:02.041 --> 32:07.903
ngokugonya, kodwa kuloo meko ayisayi kuba ngumba
wokuzikhethela, kodwa iya kuba kukunyanzeliswa ukuba benjenjalo,

32:07.903 --> 32:13.073
nangona kukho izingeloncedo ezicacileyo kulowo uchaphazelekayo.

32:13.073 --> 32:23.013
Kwaye njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, ngoku ekubeni sibone
ukuhla kwezifo zobuntwana ezifana nomkhuhlane, siye safumana

32:23.013 --> 32:31.145
ukwanda, nto leyo ethatyathwa kwangoko yiRobert Koch Institute
okanye i-WHO njengobizo lokuba kuthatyathwe

32:31.145 --> 32:38.908
amanyathelo, besithi, ewe, ngoku sinokunqwabelana
okutsha kwezifo, ngoko ke kufuneka sigonywe ngoku.

32:38.908 --> 32:45.134
Loo nto, ewe kona, yindlela yokusabela engeyiyo kwaphela.
Endaweni yoko, oku kuqhambuka kwezifo esiphinde sikubona ngoku,

32:45.134 --> 32:48.703
eneneni akunakuphepheka, ngokwento endithe yona ngaphambili.

32:48.703 --> 32:57.053
Ngenxa yokuba abantu abambalwa ngokwandayo abaye baba nomkhuhlane
wemivumbo ngokwendalo, kwaye inani labo abagonyiweyo linyuka,

32:57.053 --> 33:02.379
amandla okukhusela umzimba kulo mkhuhlane
kumele ukuba ayehla. Kwaye ngenxa yoko,

33:02.379 --> 33:05.908
umkhuhlane wemivumbo uphinde uxhaphaka kwakhona.

33:05.908 --> 33:12.284
Kwaye ke ayinakuba sisizathu sokuba iintlola
zithathwe njengesifo ekufuneka ukugonyelwa kuso.

33:12.284 --> 33:16.392
Ngoko ke sinesifo esitsha
esosulelayo, nto leyo esebenza nakwezinye izifo.

33:16.392 --> 33:19.452
Emva koko sinika esi siqhulo sisebenzisa ipathogen ebuthathaka.

33:19.452 --> 33:23.366
Ihlala inika ukhuselo olungaphelelanga.

33:23.366 --> 33:32.039
Kodwa ukuba yintsholongwane ebuthathaka,
iseyintsholongwane ngokwamayeza aqhelekileyo

33:32.039 --> 33:37.255
kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo ingabangela isifo.

33:37.255 --> 33:48.011
Kwaye inyani yeyokuba akukho ndawo kwihlabathi apho umntu
abekwa yedwa iintsuku ezili-10 okanye ezili-14 emva kokugonywa.

33:48.011 --> 33:55.875
Emva kokugonywa, ikhutshwa kwangoko ibuyiselwe kuluntu
lwabantu, kwaye ke ngoko kucacile ukuba ezi ntsholongwane

33:55.875 --> 33:59.080
zibuthathaka zinokosulela abanye abantu ngokwendalo.

33:59.080 --> 34:05.734
Oku kuthetha ukuba ngesitofu ngasinye, umngcipheko
wokusasazeka kwesi sifo uyanda kwakhona ngokwendalo.

34:05.734 --> 34:13.027
Oku kuthetha ukuba siza kuba nosulelo olutsha kuba
sisasaza iintsholongwane ezibuthathaka kwaye sinika

34:13.027 --> 34:17.839
ukhuselo lomzimba olungaphantsi kunalolo lwesifo sendalo.

34:17.839 --> 34:25.133
Emva koko wonyusa iinzame zokugonya, kwaye xa usenza
oko, kuvela izifo ezosulelayo ezininzi nangakumbi.

34:25.133 --> 34:30.869
Kwaye yile nto esiyibonileyo kwakhona kule
minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo kumazwe aliqela

34:30.869 --> 34:34.764
anezinga eliphezulu lokugonya izifo zabantwana.

34:34.764 --> 34:41.231
Apha, umzekelo, ungabona iimeko zesigulana kummandla waseYurophu.
Ezi ziimeko ezixeliweyo, iikholamu ezibomvu.

34:41.231 --> 34:47.462
Kwaye ungabona umgca oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
phezulu, othi ubonakale xa kunikwe idosi enye kuphela.

34:47.462 --> 34:54.744
Oku bekusenziwa rhoqo ixesha elide, kwaye idosi
yesibini ibingasoloko inikwa; oku kuqale

34:54.744 --> 34:59.378
ukuxhaswa kuphela kule minyaka ingama-25 idlulileyo.

34:59.378 --> 35:06.308
Kwaye njengoko nibona, izinga lesitofu sesibini
ngoku linyukele ngaphezulu kwama-90 ekhulwini.

35:06.308 --> 35:12.826
Kodwa ingaba oku kukhokelele ekubeni ezi zifo
zingasaxhaphakanga? Ngokucacileyo akunjalo.

35:12.826 --> 35:18.339
Kwaye yileyo kananjalo ingxwabangxwaba
elandelayo eyenziwa apha ngummiseli-mthetho.

35:18.339 --> 35:26.830
Ngoko ke, kuyavunywa ukuba emva kwesitofu sokuqala sokugonya,
kukho ukhuseleko lwe-95 pesenti ngokwamayeza aqhelekileyo.

35:26.830 --> 35:31.479
Ukuba ulinda ezinye iinyanga ezili-12 ukuya
kwezili-15 ngaphandle kwesiphelo sesibini, amandla

35:31.479 --> 35:34.458
omzimba okuzikhusela ayenyuka aye kuma-98 ekhulwini.

35:34.458 --> 35:38.470
Kwaye emva kwesitofu sesibini, bathi izinga
lokuphumelela kwesitofu liphezulu kune-99 pesenti.

35:38.470 --> 35:49.151
Enyanisweni, umjovo wesibini linyathelo elingeyomfuneko kwaphela
kwi-95 kwabali-100, okanye kuthi i-98 kwabali-100, kuba

35:49.151 --> 35:56.628
ngokwamayeza aqhelekileyo, amajoni omzimba
sele ekhule kumashumi alithoba anesibhozo

35:56.628 --> 36:01.553
ekhulwini emva komjovo wokuqala – ukuba nje ulinda.

36:01.553 --> 36:07.999
Kanti ke usafumana isitofu sesibini,
esinobungozi obufanayo ncam nesokuqala.

36:07.999 --> 36:14.145
Oku kuthetha umngcipheko wokufa komntu omnye
kwizigidi ezizizigidi, kunye nezifo ezinzima

36:14.145 --> 36:17.847
ezingunobumba-100 kwizigidi ezizigidi ngenxa yoko.

36:17.847 --> 36:23.021
Kwaye oko kunjalo nangona, kufuneka ndivume, abantu
abaninzi bengenakho ngokwenene ukuzidinga.

36:23.021 --> 36:26.648
Enyanisweni, kwiimeko ezingama-98 kwezili-100, azifuneki.

36:26.648 --> 36:32.927
Kodwa uyabona ukuba abantu abafuni kujonga ukuba
akuyomfuneko na; bafuna nje ukuyenza

36:32.927 --> 36:38.766
okwesibini. Noko ke, loo nto ayingonyango olusengqiqweni.

36:38.766 --> 36:42.905
Kwaye ngelixa sisalithetha ngalo mbandela, ndingathanda
ukuphinda siqwalasele umxholo "wokukhusela umhlambi".

36:42.905 --> 36:49.365
Yinto nje ethethwa kakhulu ngoku
esetyenziswa ngabaninzi kwezonyango, nangona uninzi

36:49.365 --> 36:53.528
lwabo lungazange luyiphathe kwaphela le mba.

36:53.528 --> 37:00.041
Kwaye ezi zigophe zintathu zibonisa imisebenzi
emithathu ebalulekileyo ngalo mbandela esele yenziwe.

37:00.041 --> 37:05.117
Umgca oluhlaza ngumsebenzi kaFox we-1971.

37:05.117 --> 37:11.310
Umsebenzi onakele ngokupheleleyo ngokwendlela yokwenziwa kwawo,
ngenxa yoko usekelwe kwiingqikelelo zobuxoki ngokupheleleyo.

37:11.310 --> 37:16.144
Kwaye apho ubona khona amandla okhuselo eluntwini
phantsi, yiyo loo nto ebizwa ngokuba yi-R factor.

37:16.144 --> 37:22.006
Ngoko ke oko kuthetha ukuba lo ngumlinganiselo
wosulelo, ukuba isifo siyosulela kangakanani na.

37:22.006 --> 37:26.758
Njengoko nisazi, oku kuye kwakhutshwa
kaninzi ngokunxulumene ne-coronavirus: "Ifaktha

37:26.758 --> 37:30.032
ye-R kufuneka igcinwe ingaphantsi kwe-1."

37:30.032 --> 37:36.038
Okona kulungileyo, ibiyi-2, njengoko
bekutshiwo. Kwaye loo nto nayo iphawulwe apha, 2.

37:36.038 --> 37:46.353
Ngoko ke, ngale R factor eyi-2 ye-coronavirus, ngokomsebenzi
kaFox, apho yonke into ide kwangowe-2020 yayisekelwe

37:46.353 --> 37:52.088
kuye, kuya kufuneka umkhusane wabantu ongama-50 ekhulwini.

37:52.088 --> 37:56.330
Nanko ke loo pesenti engama-60 okanye
engama-80 ekuye kwanikwa ingxelo ngayo.

37:56.330 --> 38:01.234
Oku akunanto yakwenza nakancinci
naluphi na uphando lwenzululwazi.

38:01.234 --> 38:10.555
Nangona kunjalo, kuba umsebenzi kaFox nawo usekelwe kwiingqikelelo
zobuxoki ngokupheleleyo, uphinde wabalwa ngamanye amaqela

38:10.555 --> 38:15.550
amabini ezifundo apha ngo-2020. Kwakhona, ixabiso le-R ngu-2.

38:15.550 --> 38:20.280
Elinye iqela lifikelela kwi-10
pesenti, elinye lifikelela kwi-20 pesenti.

38:20.280 --> 38:27.833
Oko kuthetha ukuba la ngamanqanaba apho kufuneka uthi, ukuba
ucebisa ukugonywa, i-10-20 pesenti yabantu

38:27.833 --> 38:34.297
kwilizwe baza kulithatha kuba bengafuni
kucinga ngako, baye kugqirha baze bagonywe.

38:34.297 --> 38:38.709
Andidingi naziphi na iindlela zonyanzelo
okanye enye into ukukhusela umhlambi wam.

38:38.709 --> 38:45.210
Kwaye ukuba isifo ngoku siyosulela ngakumbi, sinenani
eliphezulu kakhulu le-R yomkhuhlane, eliqikelelwa

38:45.210 --> 38:49.186
ukuba liphakathi kwe-15 ne-17, elo alisekho nakulo mzuzu.

38:49.186 --> 38:54.931
Noko kunjalo, babengasoze bafikelele
kukhuseleko lwe-80 okanye i-90 pesenti kwimfuyo; okona

38:54.931 --> 38:58.580
kulungileyo, babefumana i-60 ukuya kwi-70 pesenti.

38:58.580 --> 39:06.146
Kwaye kuba sasisele sinamanani angaphezulu kakhulu kwama-80
ekhulwini phambi kokuba ukugonya kube nyanzelekile,

39:06.146 --> 39:14.647
kwanolu phando aluxhasi ingcinga yokuba ukhuseleko lweqela
lusebenza kwaphela – nto leyo, ewe, enempikiswano enkulu.

39:14.647 --> 39:17.943
Kwaye ikwayigama elisuka kunyango
lwezilwanyana, njengoko ubona: "ukhuselo lwemfuyo".

39:17.943 --> 39:21.256
Ewe, lo ngumba ongathandabuzekayo...

39:21.256 --> 39:26.718
Ngoko ke, ayinakuthethelelwa ngalo msebenzi nawo.

39:26.718 --> 39:32.482
Ingxaki, nangona kunjalo, kukuba ngamanani okugonya angoku,
asiboni nje kuphela ukuba abantu abadala abaninzi ngakumbi –

39:32.482 --> 39:37.717
njengoko benditshilo, abo bangaphezu kweminyaka engama-20 ubudala
ngoku benza isiqingatha sazo zonke iimeko –

39:37.717 --> 39:42.814
baye baba nosulelo, kodwa kananjalo ukuba uninzi
lwabo basulelekileyo ngoku ngabantu abagonyiweyo.

39:42.814 --> 39:49.129
Ngoko ke, ngalo lonke ukuqhambuka kwesifo, ungafumanisa ukuba
uyabuza – abasemagunyeni bayathandabuza kakhulu,

39:49.129 --> 39:55.280
kodwa ngandlel' ithile ungafumanisa ukuba ubuncinci
i-30 pesenti yabo bachaphazelekileyo bayegonyiwe.

39:55.280 --> 40:00.263
Akukho nto ingako malunga nalo naluphi
na uhlobo lwesiphumo sokukhusela apha.

40:00.263 --> 40:06.337
Kukho umntu owakha waphanda kwiingxelo ezili-18 zokuqhambuka
kwesifo somkhuhlane wengane phakathi kwabantwana besikolo.

40:06.337 --> 40:10.260
Amanqanaba okugonya ayesusela kuma-71 ukuya kuma-99.8 ekhulwini.

40:10.260 --> 40:15.756
Kwaye oko kucacile, ukuba ngoku sinomnye eJamani, umzekelo –
kwaye sinoloo mgonyo unyanzelekileyo

40:15.756 --> 40:21.516
wabantwana basenursery nasesikolweni – ngoko ke
unokucinga ukuba akuyomfuneko nokuba ubuze.

40:21.516 --> 40:27.374
Kakade bonke bayagonyelwe,
kungenjalo bebengayi kube besesikolweni.

40:27.374 --> 40:33.728
Ngoko ke oko kuthetha ukuba la manani
aphezulu okugonya awathinteli nto kwaphela.

40:33.728 --> 40:43.360
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ezi zifo ziyaphinda ziveliswe, ingakumbi xa
ucinga ukuba iinkchukumo ziyanikwa kwaye abantwana abahlulwanga

40:43.360 --> 40:47.755
kodwa basekwiindawo zikawonke-wonke nabanye abantwana.

40:47.755 --> 40:54.199
Loo nto ingabangela ukuba
umkhuhlane osasazekayo usasazeke ngakumbi.

40:54.199 --> 41:01.874
Le yinkcubeko eyenziwe nguGoldman noMiller, abayibale
ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwisithuba seminyaka emibini kumazwe

41:01.874 --> 41:06.595
anamanani ahlukeneyo. Apha, umzekelo, ibaliwe kumazwe angama-30.

41:06.595 --> 41:18.674
Apha, ungabona inani lokugonywa abantwana abalifumanayo kwi-X-axis
emazantsi kunye nezinga lokusweleka kwabantwana kwi-Y-axis.

41:18.674 --> 41:27.575
Oku asikokuba yimbangela, kodwa yimbonakalo-ndlela enamandla
kakhulu, eyi-R 0.70, nto leyo ebalulekileyo kwinqanaba le-0.1

41:27.575 --> 41:34.361
pesenti, okuthetha ukuba okukhona izitofu
zokugonya zisenziwa rhoqo kumazwe, kokukhona izinga

41:34.361 --> 41:37.743
lokusweleka labantwana abaselusana liphezulu.

41:37.743 --> 41:48.761
Akunakwenzeka ukufumanisa unobangela koku. Nangona kunjalo,
ukuba unxulumano luphezulu, unobangela kufuneka uphantsiwe.

41:48.761 --> 41:51.173
Kwaye eneneni, kufanele kube ngenye indlela.

41:51.173 --> 41:56.143
Okukhona abantwana befumana izitofu zokugonya ezininzi,
kokukhona kufanele babe sempilweni engcono kwaye kube ncinci

41:56.143 --> 41:59.522
amathuba okuba basweleke. Nangona kunjalo, olu lwalamano alukho.

41:59.522 --> 42:07.278
Oku kuthetha ukuba olu lwalamano ngokuqinisekileyo
lubonisa ukuba izitofu zokugonya azikhuseli impilo yabantwana,

42:07.278 --> 42:11.196
kuba ngaphandle kolwalamano akukho sizathu nesiphumo.

42:11.196 --> 42:17.030
Kwaye olu nxulumano lokuba ukugonya
kuphucula impilo yabantwana alukho.

42:17.030 --> 42:24.983
Kwaye iziphumo zokwenene zezi zitofu zokugonya zinokubonwa
kuphando lwezitofu olwenziwe kutshanje yi-GSK

42:24.983 --> 42:32.174
eNgilani – kunye nexesha lokubukela iintsuku
ezingama-42, elilifutshane kakhulu nangona kunjalo.

42:32.174 --> 42:36.831
Ngoko ke oko kuthetha ukuba izifo
ezingapheliyo azinakufunyaniswa kwaphela.

42:36.831 --> 42:45.000
Kodwa akukho luphando lokujonga olwenziweyo kwiintsana;
endaweni yoko, iintsana zayentiselwa njengenxalenye yophando.

42:45.000 --> 42:50.977
Ngoko ke, loo nto sele iyindaba
yokuxhalaba okukhulu kakhulu ngokwasemgaqweni.

42:50.977 --> 42:59.300
Ipesenti ezingamashumi amahlanu yezintsana – njengokwamkelwa
kweli hlabathi – ziimpawu ezingalindelekanga ezingafunwayo.

42:59.300 --> 43:08.564
I-6.1 pesenti iphenjelelwe kwindlela yayo yokuphila
yemihla ngemihla. I-2 pesenti ifumene iziphumo ezibi kakhulu.

43:08.564 --> 43:15.625
Kwaye konke oko ngenjongo yokugonya
okwakufanele kukhusele iintsana kamva ebomini.

43:15.625 --> 43:20.017
Ipesenti ezili-10 zeentsana kuye
kwanyanzeleka ukuba zityelele kwigumbi likaxakeka.

43:20.017 --> 43:25.892
Ingaba seso isizathu sokuba sigonywe? Ingaba luhlobo
lwezifundo ezinje oluqhutywayo? Ayinakwenzeka loo nto!

43:25.892 --> 43:32.147
Ukuba kukho isitofu sokugonya esinokucingelwa, ngokoluvo lwam
kunokwenzeka kuphela kuba kwiimeko

43:32.147 --> 43:38.923
ezinqabileyo kakhulu sinokubangela umonakalo kumntu
othile, nto leyo mhlawumbi engenakuthintelwa.

43:38.923 --> 43:46.571
Kodwa xa ucinga ngendlela ezixhaphakile ngayo, umntu
angazibuza ukuba luhlobo luni lweziyobisi eziyingozi kangaka.

43:46.571 --> 43:57.200
Kwaye ukuba ubukele ixesha elide, emva kweentsuku ezili-180,
i-3.4 pesenti ibinokugula ngezigulo ezitsha ezingapheliyo.

43:57.200 --> 44:01.855
Akunakwenzeka ukuxela kwangaphambili ukuba kuza
kwenzeka ntoni kwezi zana kule minyaka izayo.

44:01.855 --> 44:07.794
Ngoko ke masishwankathele isiphelo: Impesheya
sisifo esidala sobuntwana esasifana

44:07.794 --> 44:12.337
siphatha abantu abadala. Loo nto ngoku itshintshile.

44:12.337 --> 44:23.578
Nangona kunjalo, sisifo esingekho kusenokwenzeka ukuba sibangele
iingxaki ezinzima okanye sibulale abantwana ukuba asinyangwanga.

44:23.578 --> 44:32.764
Kwaye ke, imeko enokuba negalelo elihle kwimpilo kamva ebomini.

44:32.764 --> 44:38.645
Awukhuselekanga kwimfiva yamakhwenkwe
kuphela, kodwa ukwanomngcipheko ophantsi

44:38.645 --> 44:43.049
kakhulu wokosulelwa zezinye izifo ezininzi.

44:43.049 --> 44:50.114
Kwaye seso isizathu le "ntlawulo yokugonya ekhuselayo"
ekufanele ukuba inike uhlobo oluthile lokhuselo,

44:50.114 --> 44:54.265
ayinakuthathwa nzulu xa kuziwa kwisigulana okanye ezinye izifo.

44:54.265 --> 45:02.919
Kuba zonke ezi zitofu zokugonya zinokubangela
izifo ezinzima ezingalindelekanga, kwanokufa.

45:02.919 --> 45:12.252
Nokuba le nto inqabile kangangoko bathi abaxhasi
bokugonya, umngcipheko awunakuxelwa kwiziganeko zomntu ngamnye.

45:12.252 --> 45:20.648
Yaye into elahlekileyo kuyo yonke le ngxoxo – kuquka
nokunyanzeliswa kokugonya i-COVID-19 – kukuba, ngokungafaniyo

45:20.648 --> 45:30.153
neendlela zonyango, sihlala sithetha ngokunyanga abantu
abasempilweni. Kwaye kulapho imigangatho ibekwa phezulu kakhulu.

45:30.153 --> 45:37.003
Kwaye ukuba ngoku niyenze inyanzeliso le nto
yokugonya imfiva kwaye ninyanzelise

45:37.003 --> 45:42.220
ukuyilandela, ke uluntu luya kuba luluntu lwezigqila.

45:42.220 --> 45:51.064
Abemi baseSchildburg, abazama ukususa ingca kodonga lwesixeko
baza bafikelela kwingcinga yokuba ingatyiwa yinkomo, kodwa

45:51.064 --> 45:58.507
babengazi ukuba bangayinyusa njani inkomo phezulu eludongeni
lwesixeko, baza ke bafikelela kwingcinga

45:58.507 --> 46:06.105
ebalaseleyo yokuyitsalela phezulu ngomtya.
Ngelishwa, xa inkomo ifike phezulu, yaxhonywa.

46:06.105 --> 46:13.596
Kwaye ngokwenene yimeko efanayo
esinayo ngesitofu sokugonya umkhuhlane.

46:13.596 --> 46:14.882
Enkosi ngokunikela ingqalelo yenu.