WEBVTT 00:00.480 --> 00:04.937 Mecheng ea phatlalatso e ipolelang e etella pele, mathata a lefats'e ka bophara a lula a 00:04.937 --> 00:08.026 hlalosetsoa sechaba ho sebelisoa liphuputso tsa saense. 00:08.026 --> 00:12.033 Hore na ke phetoho ea tlelaemete kapa tsietsi ea coronavirus, karabo e lulang e phetjoa e 00:12.033 --> 00:14.218 lula e tšoana: "Bo-ramahlale baa lumellana." 00:14.218 --> 00:16.576 Empa na ho hlile ho jwalo? 00:16.576 --> 00:24.160 Na saense ha e atlehe ka ho botsa dipotso, pelaelo, le dipuisano tsa maikutlo a fapaneng? 00:26.449 --> 00:32.842 Richard Feynman, setsebi sa fisiksi sa Amerika le mohlodi wa Moputso wa Nobel, o ile a toboketsa karolo ya 00:32.842 --> 00:37.333 bohlokwa ya pelaelo saenseng ho fihlela haufinyane ka 1965. 00:37.333 --> 00:43.828 O boletse hore tumelo ho se tsebeng ha litsebi ke karolo ea mantlha ea saense, e leng se 00:43.828 --> 00:48.800 totobatsang tlhokahalo ea pelaelo le ho belaella. 00:48.800 --> 00:54.596 Molao-motheo ona o bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa tsoelopele ea saense, kaha o nolofalletsa hore ho botsoe 00:54.596 --> 00:58.656 lipotso tse ncha le hore meeli ea tsebo e atolosoe. 00:58.656 --> 01:03.590 Feynman o ile a hatella hore motho ha a lokela ho siea sebaka sa pelaelo feela, empa a lokela ho e 01:03.590 --> 01:07.592 khothaletsa ka mafolofolo e le hore ho be le tsoelopele. 01:07.592 --> 01:10.625 Leha ho le jwalo, nnete e fapane haholo. 01:10.625 --> 01:16.919 Hans-Joachim Zillmer, mongoli le mofuputsi oa nalane ea lefatše ea liteko, o tseba sena. 01:16.919 --> 01:28.096 O hanyetsa ka matla, a re, "Ke phoso e atileng ho dumela hore diphuputso tse ntjha tsa mahlale di iphethahatsa ka botsona." 01:28.096 --> 01:31.648 Ho ya ka Zillmer, mecha ya phatlalatso e bapala karolo ya bohlokwa ho sena. 01:31.648 --> 01:35.195 Ka sepheo sa lipolotiki, ba etsa qeto ea hore na ke liphuputso le mehlala efe e 01:35.195 --> 01:38.695 phatlalatswang le hore na ke efe e sa phatlalatsweng. 01:38.695 --> 01:44.000 Ka mokgwa o tshwanang, dikgopolo tsa kgale di a hatellwa ha di sa tsamaelane le pono ya lefatshe ya hajwale. 01:44.000 --> 01:50.309 Likhopolo tsa khale le qotso ea Zillmer: "Likhopolo tse ncha ka ho fetisisa, 'me mohlomong tsa 01:50.309 --> 01:56.096 bohlokoa, ha li fumane tšehetso ea ho li phatlalatsa." 01:56.096 --> 02:00.015 Setsebi sa mahlale Prof. Dr. Christof Kuhbandner ke motho ea ileng a hlahlojoa ka hloko e kholo ke boralitaba ba ka sehloohong 02:00.015 --> 02:01.858 nakong ea tlokotsi ea coronavirus hobane le eena o ile a belaella maikutlo a 02:01.858 --> 02:05.083 so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so- so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so- 02:05.107 --> 02:10.239 so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so-so 02:10.239 --> 02:16.928 Puisanong le Gunnar Kaiser, o hlalosa seo a se bonang e le motheo oa saense. 02:16.928 --> 02:20.880 "Joaloka rasaense, ha e le hantle ha ke bue ka linnete." 02:20.880 --> 02:29.251 Ho na le qotso e tsoang ho Richard Feynman, setsebi sa fisiksi le mohlōli oa Moputso oa Nobel, ea itseng: "Moko-taba 02:29.251 --> 02:33.984 oa saense ha e le hantle ke ho botsa litsebi lipotso." 02:33.984 --> 02:44.460 Kahoo ha ke nahana ka saense, mosebetsi oa ka ke ho belaella maikutlo a litsebi le ho ntšetsa pele tsebo ea batho. 02:44.460 --> 02:50.392 Mme hangata ho ba le pherekano ya mesebetsi ho ba bang mabapi le puisano ya saense. 02:50.392 --> 02:58.108 Ha e le hantle, ke lokela ho ipotsa kamehla: Na ke bua ke le rasaense kapa ke le setsebi? 02:58.108 --> 03:15.019 "Jwaloka rasaense, o bile o na le boikarabelo ba ho botsa dipotso ka nnete efe kapa efe e rekiswang ke ditsebi." 03:15.019 --> 03:17.780 Ke sona seo saense e reretsoeng sona kannete. 03:17.780 --> 03:23.675 Leha ho le jwalo, borasaense ba etsang jwalo ba potlakela ho utlwa ditlamorao. 03:23.675 --> 03:29.171 Setsebi sa mahlale a puisano Prof. Michael Meyen o ntse a hlaselwa kamehla ke mecha ya phatlalatso e ka 03:29.171 --> 03:35.681 sehloohong, e leng se seng se lebisitse ho qhelelweng ha hae ka ho feletseng lekaleng la hae la mosebetsi. 03:35.681 --> 03:42.089 Bukeng ea hae e ncha, Wie ich meine Uni verlor (Kamoo ke Lahelletseng Univesithi ea Ka), Meyen ha a hlalose feela lintlha 03:42.089 --> 03:48.709 tsa letšolo leo ka lona a ileng a lahleheloa ke hoo e ka bang ntho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e neng e mo hlalosa e le rasaense, empa 03:48.709 --> 03:56.742 hape o sekaseka semelo se tebileng, sa tsamaiso: e leng tokiso e matla ea sebopeho sa liunivesithi lilemong tse 30 tse fetileng. 03:56.742 --> 04:03.126 E mabapi le kgwebisano, ho ikobela, tshabo le ho kenya dipolotiki dipatlisisong. 04:03.126 --> 04:10.920 Meyen o ngola: "Re batla puso ya batho ka batho, empa re kgetha hore na ke mang ya dumelletsweng ho nka karolo." 04:10.920 --> 04:16.550 Setsebi sa fisiksi le moitseki oa tsa tlelaemete Sabine Hossenfelder joale o belaella mekhoa e 04:16.550 --> 04:23.360 sebelisoang ho hokahanya liketsahalo tse itseng tse feteletseng tsa leholimo le phetoho ea tlelaemete. 04:23.360 --> 04:29.960 O re, "Borasaense ba bangata ba tsa tlelaemete ba tseba kamoo liphuputso tse tsoang setsing sena sa ho hlalosa 04:29.960 --> 04:34.634 boemo ba leholimo li nang le liphoso kateng, empa ba khutsa." 04:34.634 --> 04:43.125 "Ho na le bo-ramahlale ba bangata ba tlelaemete ba tsebang hantle hore dipatlisiso tsena tse bitswang jwalo ha di tshepahale, 04:43.125 --> 04:48.192 empa ha ba bue letho hobane ho ka ba sitisa dipolotiking." 04:48.192 --> 04:56.961 Anke Uhlenwinkel, moprofesa oa univesithi oa thuto ea jeokrafi le moruo, haufinyane o phatlalalitse buka: 04:56.961 --> 05:02.660 Ba bakang mathata ba tlameha ho tsamaya – Ho tlosoa ha baprofesa ba bohlokoa diyunivesithing. 05:02.660 --> 05:08.207 Puisanong le AUF 1, o hlalosa kamoo baprofesa ba bangata le ho feta ba lahleheloang ke mesebetsi ea bona – 05:08.207 --> 05:14.040 eseng ka lebaka la mosebetsi o fokolang oa thuto, empa hobane ba botsa lipotso tse sa phutholohang. 05:14.040 --> 05:19.126 Seo pele e neng e le libaka tsa lipuisano tse lokolohileng, joale ke mekhatlo ea tšabo, thibelo 05:19.126 --> 05:22.353 ea tlhahisoleseling le tumellano ea lipolotiki. 05:22.353 --> 05:26.360 Mang kapa mang ea sa lumellaneng le pale e amohelehang o a hlokomolohuoa. 05:26.360 --> 05:35.008 Puisanong le Elsa Mittmannsgruber, o bua ka tšebeliso e mpe ea matla, ho ikamahanya le maemo, le ho eka mohopolo oa saense. 05:35.008 --> 05:45.160 O boetse o dumela hore baahi ba ka etsa maikutlo a bona feela haeba ba na le phihlello ya dintlha tsohle tsa saense. 05:45.160 --> 05:53.408 "... mme ha o tseba hantle ka dintho tseo o ka di tsebang kannete, mme tseo di ngata haholo ho 05:53.408 --> 05:58.272 feta se atisang ho buisanwa ka sona setjhabeng. 05:58.272 --> 06:03.845 Ha o ntse o tseba haholoanyane, ke moo o ka iphumanang o na le maikutlo a hao a nang le motheo o 06:03.845 --> 06:06.847 tiileng, hape o ka susumetsa maikutlo a sechaba. 06:06.847 --> 06:15.614 Leha saense e buisana lintho phatlalatsa ka hare ho saense, e, re bona seo mekgweng ya RKI, moo ho buisanweng ka 06:15.614 --> 06:23.324 saense, empa se ileng sa phatlalatswa, ha re ka rialo, e bile ntho e fapaneng ka ho felletseng. 06:23.324 --> 06:29.375 E, mme ho na le borasaense ba bang bothateng bona ba coronavirus bao, ka maikutlo a ka, ba neng ba na le ho hong ho nang 06:29.375 --> 06:35.592 le moelelo hoo ba neng ba ka ho bua, empa ba ile ba se ke ba mameloa; ba ile ba behelwa ka thoko, ha re ka rialo. 06:35.592 --> 06:42.796 Re boetse re fihlela qeto eo hobane batho ba bang ba phuputsong ea rona ka sebele ba oela sehlopheng seo, mme haeba ba ne ba 06:42.796 --> 06:48.780 utluiloe, ho ka be ho bile le maikutlo a babeli bonyane, mme baahi ba ka be ba khonne ho iketsetsa qeto 06:48.780 --> 06:52.700 hore na qetellong ba fumane lefe le kholisa haholoanyane. 06:52.700 --> 07:01.838 Haeba seo se sa etsahale, haeba re re, ka ho bapisa, "latela saense" – e leng poleloana e hlileng e se nang 07:01.838 --> 07:06.475 tsa saense ho hang, hobane "saense" ha e laele letho. 07:06.475 --> 07:13.517 Saense ha e bue ka botle kapa bobe, empa ho fella moo re bua ka lintlha tse itseng, 07:13.517 --> 07:19.278 likhopolo-taba, liteko, kapa eng kapa eng eo re e etsang. 07:19.278 --> 07:24.636 U ka boela oa etsa liphuputso 'me oa re: Ho lokile, joale sena le seo le seo li hlahile ho sona, 07:24.636 --> 07:27.674 empa ha se hakaalo hore li bolela "hantle" le "hobe". 07:27.674 --> 07:34.079 Ho e-na le hoo, e mpa e re karolo e itseng ea baarabi ba boletse sena kapa seo. 07:34.079 --> 07:42.246 Mme jwale, jwalo ka moahi, nka iketsetsa kgopolo ya ka ha ke se ke na le tsebo e felletseng, hore na ke e fumana e 07:42.246 --> 07:49.600 belaetsa kapa ke re, hantle, metswalle ya ka kaofela e bua ntho e tshwanang, jwale o halefetse eng kannete? 07:49.600 --> 07:51.640 Qetellong nka iketsetsa qeto ka seo. 07:51.640 --> 08:00.192 Empa haeba ke se na pokello ena ea liphetho tsa sebele, ebe ba re, e, empa ho na le sephetho sena se le seng 'me re se latela, 08:00.192 --> 08:06.030 joale ha ke sa khona ho etsa joalo, 'me sechaba se ba se na bolokolohi hobane motho ka 08:06.030 --> 08:10.400 mong ha a sa na bolokolohi ba ho etsa liqeto. 08:10.400 --> 08:14.973 Puisanong, Prof. Anke Uhlenwinkel o boetse o bua ka seo ho thoeng ke tšehetso ea lichelete ea mokha oa boraro, 08:14.973 --> 08:18.200 e sebelisetsoang ho tšehetsa lipatlisiso ka lichelete. 08:18.200 --> 08:21.000 "E, tšehetso ea lichelete e tsoang ho mekha e meng ke ntlha ea bohlokoa haholo mona." 08:21.000 --> 08:26.889 Kahoo, ka tloaelo, e bolela hore na ke lintho life tse "ntle" tse batlehang, hape ho na le mantsoe a seng makae a tumileng, re ka 08:26.889 --> 08:31.272 rialo, ao o tlamehang ho a kenyelletsa ka hohle-hohle likōpong tsena tsa lichelete tse tsoang ho 08:31.272 --> 08:34.400 mekha e meng, e le hore o be le monyetla o feela. 08:34.400 --> 08:42.680 Mme hona jwale ho na le tjhelete e tswang ho mekgatlo e ikemetseng e fumanehang, e phatlaladitsweng le e seng e batla e abuwe. 08:42.680 --> 08:49.444 Prof. Dr. Werner Kirstein o boetse a bua ka taba ena ea lichelete kopanong ea bo14 ea AZK mme a qapa 08:49.444 --> 08:54.080 lentsoe "phetolo ea tlelaemete e bakoang ke lipolotiki." 08:54.080 --> 08:58.558 "Jwale ke tla kgutlela ntlheng ya hore ho fanoa ka tshehetso e kgolo ya ditjhelete mona, 08:58.558 --> 09:00.520 e le kannete ke EU le ke dinaha ka bonngwe." 09:00.520 --> 09:06.955 Ka hona, borasaense ba bangata ba hiroa ho ntshetsapele mananeo a tlelaemete le ho etsa dipatlisiso 09:06.955 --> 09:10.360 ka ona e le hore ba fumane tshehetso ya ditjhelete. 09:10.360 --> 09:20.870 Taba ke hore, le nna ke tsoa univesithing, moo re ileng ra bona hore lichelete tsa motheo li sa lekana ho tsamaisa lintho hantle. 09:20.870 --> 09:22.643 Joale, rasaense o etsa'ng? 09:22.643 --> 09:26.354 O tla sheba lethathamo la lichelete la EU le lethathamo la lichelete la Jeremane, mme le 09:26.354 --> 09:28.900 dinaha tse ding di na le mathethamo a tshwanang. 09:28.900 --> 09:34.388 Mme jwale o bona, o fumana sehlooho se amanang le phetoho ya tlelaemete, ebe ke etsa tlhahiso, ke e 09:34.388 --> 09:37.645 rala, ebe ke e isa ho ba boholong ba tshwanelehang. 09:37.645 --> 09:42.992 Mme bonang, hang ha mantswe 'ho futhumala ha lefatshe' kapa 'ho nyoloha ha thempereichara' a hlaha, ho sa 09:42.992 --> 09:46.361 tsotellehe hore na ke maemong afe, tjhelete e qala ho phalla. 09:46.361 --> 09:52.154 Ntho e makatsang ka ho fetisisa eo nkileng ka e bona e bile ha sehlopha sa bo-ramahlale ba baeloji, eseng bo-ramahlale ba tsa 09:52.154 --> 09:57.901 tlelaemete ho hang – ba ne ba sa tsebe le hore na phetoho ea tlelaemete ke eng kannete, ho futhumala ha lefats'e, ho lokile, 09:57.901 --> 10:02.304 seo o ka se utloisisang – eaba sehlooho sa bo-ramahlale bao ba baeloji e ne e le: "Boitšoaro ba 10:02.304 --> 10:06.260 litlhōrō tsa leoatle ha mocheso o ntse o nyoloha"! 10:08.925 --> 10:13.190 Ke moo e fihletseng teng; taba ena ha e sa na thuso ho hang. Ntho ea bohlokoa ke hore ke 10:13.190 --> 10:17.020 phetoho ea tlelaemete, ebe chelete ea phalla. 10:17.020 --> 10:22.462 E, ebe o bona batšehetsi ba fanang ka seatla se bulehileng, kahoo ha se EU feela e tšehetsang lintho tse joalo, le 10:22.462 --> 10:27.610 mekhatlo ea mmuso oa kopanelo le eona e tšehetsa likopo tse joalo 'me lipatlisiso le tsona li na le seabo. 10:27.610 --> 10:32.061 Bongata ba basebetsi-'moho le 'na, kahoo kea ba re: "Hantle-ntle le etsang, na ha le 10:32.061 --> 10:34.864 hlahlobe hore na ke 'nete kapa ho etsahalang?" 10:34.864 --> 10:41.259 Ee, re hloka chelete, chelete e tlameha ho phalla. Re tla phela joang haeba re se na chelete? 10:41.259 --> 10:47.985 Mme he, ehlile, o ka hira baithuti ba bongaka hape, o ka reka dikhomphutha, o ka tsetela ka disebediswa, 10:47.985 --> 10:52.020 basebetsi, jwalo-jwalo, mme dintho di qala ho tsamaya hantle. 10:52.020 --> 10:57.640 Empa o hloka tshehetso ya ditjhelete bakeng sa seo, mme ka mora moo ha ho sa na taba hore na o kgetha 10:57.640 --> 11:02.180 sehlooho sefe, ha feela se amana le ho futhumala ha lefatshe. 11:02.180 --> 11:06.106 Hoa utlwisa bohloko, empa ho jwalo feela. 11:06.106 --> 11:14.139 Borasaense ha ba a lumelloa ho lumellana, hobane saense e atleha ka ho botsa lipotso, pelaelo le ngangisano e bulehileng. 11:14.139 --> 11:21.619 Ho hlakile hore dipatlisiso di itshetlehile ka dipolotiki, mme ka hona di laolwa ke tsona ka kabo ya ditjhelete. 11:21.619 --> 11:28.520 Setjhaba se utlwa feela ka diphuputso tsa saense tse ratehang dipolotiking ka mecha ya phatlalatso e ka sehloohong. 11:28.520 --> 11:35.051 Sena se beha borasaense lerabeng, hobane botumo ba bona ba saense, 'me hangata le mekhoa ea bona ea ho 11:35.051 --> 11:39.776 iphelisa, li ba kotsing haeba ba kheloha tsamaisong ena. 11:39.776 --> 11:46.485 Ke ka lebaka leo re ipiletsang ho mofuputsi e mong le e mong ya tshepahalang – borasaense bao ba batlang ho etsa diphuputso tse 11:46.485 --> 11:52.296 tshepahalang – hore ba se ke ba itumella ho silafatswa, empa ba phahamise mantswe a bona, ba fane ka bopaki bo 11:52.296 --> 11:55.360 hanyetsang mme ba be sebete ho sebetsana le tlhekefetso.